The Party of Functional Groups,often known by its abbreviation Golkar,is a centre-right big tent political party in Indonesia. It was founded as the Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups in 1964,and participated for the first time in national elections in 1971 as Functional Groups. Since 2019,it has been the second-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR) with 85 seats. It is led by Airlangga Hartarto.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 5 July and 20 September 2004. As no candidate won a majority in the first round,a runoff was held,in which Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono defeated Megawati Sukarnoputri and was elected president. They were the first direct presidential elections in the history of Indonesia;prior to a 2002 amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia,both the president and vice president had been elected by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR).
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono,commonly referred to as SBY,is an Indonesian politician and retired army general who served as the sixth president of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014 and the second Indonesian President from the military after Suharto. He founded the Democratic Party of Indonesia,he served as the 4th leader of the Democratic Party from 2014 until 2020,8th and 10th Coordinating Minister of Politics and Security Affairs of Indonesia from 2000 until 2001,and again from 2001 until 2004. He also served as the president of the Assembly and chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. He was also the former chairman of ASEAN due to Indonesia's hosting of the 18th and 19th ASEAN Summits.
The Democratic Party is a centre to centre-right nationalist-religious political party in Indonesia. Currently,it holds 54 seats in the House of Representatives (DPR). The party is led by Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY),the son of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY),who served as the President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014.
Muhammad Jusuf Kalla,commonly referred to by his initials JK,is an Indonesian politician and businessman who served as the 10th and 12th vice president of Indonesia,the only vice president in Indonesian history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office. He was unsuccessful as Golkar's presidential nominee in the 2009 presidential election. Before Kalla declared himself as the running mate for Joko Widodo in the 2014 presidential election,a 2012 poll placed his popularity among likely voters in the top three contenders for the presidency and ahead of his own party's nominee Aburizal Bakrie.
Sidoarjo Regency is a regency in East Java,Indonesia. It is bordered by Surabaya City and Gresik Regency to the north,by Pasuruan Regency to the south,by Mojokerto Regency to the west,and by the Madura Strait to the east. It has a land area of 719.34 km2,making it the smallest regency in East Java,although it contains many of the southern suburbs of Surabaya and has a high population density.
The Sidoarjo mud flow is the result of an erupting mud volcano in the subdistrict of Porong,Sidoarjo in East Java,Indonesia that has been in eruption since May 2006. It is the biggest mud volcano in the world;responsibility for the disaster was assigned to the blowout of a natural gas well drilled by PT Lapindo Brantas,although company officials contend it was caused by a very distant earthquake that occurred in a different province.
PT Lapindo Brantas is an Indonesian oil and gas exploration company. It was established as a joint venture between PT. Energi Mega Persada Tbk. (50%),PT. Medco Energi Tbk. (32%) and Santos Australia (18%). The Bakrie family,through its investments,held a controlling stake in PT. Energi Mega Persada Tbk. Lapindo Brantas currently employs a staff of 77 permanent and contract employees and 142 personnel working for the company through a third party contract.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 8 July 2009. The elections returned a president and vice president for the 2009–2014 term. Incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono,elected with a 20% margin in the 2004 election,sought a second term against former President Megawati Sukarnoputri in a rematch of the 2004 election,as well as incumbent Vice President Jusuf Kalla. Securing a majority of the votes in a landslide victory in the first round,Yudhoyono was re-elected without the need to proceed to a second round,scheduled to be held on 8 September if no candidate received a majority of the popular vote. Yudhoyono was officially declared the victor of the election on 23 July 2009,by the General Election Commission (KPU). At the time of his re-election victory,Yudhoyono,with nearly 74 million votes in his favour,held the record for the highest number of votes for a single person in any democratic election in history,surpassing Barack Obama's total of 69.5 million votes in the 2008 United States presidential election. His record was surpassed by his respective successors Joko Widodo who won more than 85 million votes in 2019 and Prabowo Subianto who won more than 96 million votes in 2024.
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 9 April 2009 for 132 seats of the Regional Representative Council (DPD) and 560 seats of the People's Representative Council (DPR). A total of 38 parties met the requirements to be allowed to participate in the national elections,with a further six regional parties contesting in Aceh only. The Democratic Party of incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won the largest share of the vote,followed by Golkar and the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle.
Boediono is an Indonesian politician and economist. He was the 11th vice president of Indonesia,in office from 2009 to 2014. He became vice president after winning the 2009 presidential election together with the then-incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Before this,he had been the Governor of the Indonesian Central Bank and a professor of economics at Gadjah Mada University.
Sri Mulyani Indrawati is an Indonesian economist who has been Minister of Finance of Indonesia since 2016;previously she served in the same post from 2005 to 2010. In June 2010 she was appointed as managing director of the World Bank Group and resigned as Minister of Finance. On 27 July 2016,Sri Mulyani was reappointed as Minister of Finance in a cabinet reshuffle by President Joko Widodo,replacing Bambang Brodjonegoro.
Rizal Mallarangeng is an Indonesian politician. He served as a senior advisor to Indonesia's Coordinating Economic Minister (2004-2005) and Coordinating Welfare Minister (2005-2008) Aburizal Bakrie. He also served as a member of Golkar Party's Leadership Committee under Aburizal Bakrie and Airlangga Hartarto.
Argentina and Indonesia established diplomatic relations in 1956. Since then,bilateral relations between both countries have become increasingly more strategic. According to Argentine Ambassador to Indonesian Javier A. Sanz de Urquiza,Indonesia has been a "true friend of Argentina" over the Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute. Argentina has an embassy in Jakarta,while Indonesia has an embassy in Buenos Aires. Both countries say they share the same values regarding the international order,and the same aspiration to defend the developing nations' interest in international forum. Both countries are members of Group of 77,the G-20 major economies,the G20 developing nations,and Forum of East Asia-Latin America Cooperation.
Fahmi Idris was an Indonesian prominent businessman and politician. He was an Indonesian government minister under the Habibie and Yudhoyono presidencies. He received a doctorate title from University of Indonesia as well as appointed a Honorary Professor at State University of Padang.
The Second United Indonesia Cabinet was sworn in on 22 October 2009,two days after the inauguration of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono for the second term. The cabinet consisted of members from Yudhoyono's Democratic Party and its coalition partners as well as non-party figures.
Presidential elections were held in Indonesia on 9 July 2014,with former general Prabowo Subianto contesting the elections against the governor of Jakarta,Joko Widodo;incumbent president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was constitutionally barred from seeking a third term in office. On 22 July the General Elections Commission (KPU) announced Joko Widodo's victory. He and his vice president,Jusuf Kalla,were sworn-in on 20 October 2014,for a five-year term.
Idrus Marham is an Indonesian politician who served as social affairs minister under President Joko Widodo for seven months in 2018 before resigning because of a corruption scandal. He was jailed in 2019 for taking bribes from a businessman via a legislator to finance his failed bid to become chairman of Golkar Party. He was released from jail in September 2020. Prior to his political career,Idrus was a lecturer at various universities in Jakarta.
The chief justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia is the head of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia.
On Wednesday,20 October 2004,President-elect Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono was inaugurated as the 6th president of Indonesia. Yudhoyono was the first democratically direct-elected president of Indonesia,after previous presidents was elected by the People's Consultative Assembly.
