Acifran

Last updated
Acifran.svg
Names
IUPAC name
5-Methyl-4-oxo-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-2-furancarboxylic acid
Systematic IUPAC name
5-Methyl-4-oxo-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-2-furancarboxylic acid
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
KEGG
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C12H10O4/c1-12(8-5-3-2-4-6-8)10(13)7-9(16-12)11(14)15/h2-7H,1H3,(H,14,15)
    Key: DFDGRKNOFOJBAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • InChI=1/C12H10O4/c1-12(8-5-3-2-4-6-8)10(13)7-9(16-12)11(14)15/h2-7H,1H3,(H,14,15)
    Key: DFDGRKNOFOJBAJ-UHFFFAOYAE
  • CC1(C(=O)C=C(O1)C(=O)O)C2=CC=CC=C2
Properties
C12H10O4
Molar mass 218.208 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Acifran is a niacin receptor agonist. [1]

Related Research Articles

GPER

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPER gene. GPER binds to and is activated by the female sex hormone estradiol and is responsible for some of the rapid effects that estradiol has on cells.

GPR35 G protein-coupled receptor

G protein-coupled receptor 35 also known as GPR35 is a G protein-coupled receptor which in humans is encoded by the GPR35 gene. Heightened expression of GPR35 is found in immune and gastrointestinal tissues, including the crypts of Lieberkühn.

GPR12

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR12 gene.

NAGly receptor

N-Arachidonyl glycine receptor, also known as G protein-coupled receptor 18 (GPR18), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR18 gene. Along with the other previously "orphan" receptors GPR55 and GPR119, GPR18 has been found to be a receptor for endogenous lipid neurotransmitters, several of which also bind to cannabinoid receptors. It has been found to be involved in the regulation of intraocular pressure.

Free fatty acid receptor 2

Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by the FFAR2 gene.

GPR65

Psychosine receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR65 gene. GPR65 is also referred to as TDAG8.

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCA3), also known as niacin receptor 2 (NIACR2) and GPR109B, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HCAR3 gene. HCA3, like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA1 and HCA2, is a Gi/o-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The primary endogenous agonists of HCA3 are 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid and kynurenic acid. HCA3 is also a low-affinity biomolecular target for niacin (aka nicotinic acid).

GPR55

G protein-coupled receptor 55 also known as GPR55 is a G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the GPR55 gene.

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCA1), formerly known as G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HCAR1 gene. HCA1, like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA2 and HCA3, is a Gi/o-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The primary endogenous agonist of HCA1 is lactic acid (and its conjugate base, lactate).

GPR119

G protein-coupled receptor 119 also known as GPR119 is a G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the GPR119 gene.

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2

Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2), also known as niacin receptor 1 (NIACR1) and GPR109A, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HCAR2 gene. HCA2, like the other hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors HCA1 and HCA3, is a Gi/o-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). The primary endogenous agonists of HCA2 are D-β-hydroxybutyric acid and butyric acid (and their conjugate bases, β-hydroxybutyrate and butyrate). HCA2 is also a high-affinity biomolecular target for niacin (aka nicotinic acid).

Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 4

Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 4, also known as RXFP4, is a human G-protein coupled receptor.

GPR3

G-protein coupled receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR3 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family of transmembrane receptors and is involved in signal transduction.

Oxoeicosanoid receptor 1

Oxoeicosanoid receptor 1 (OXER1) also known as G-protein coupled receptor 170 (GPR170) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OXER1 gene located on human chromosome 2p21; it is the principal receptor for the 5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid family of carboxy fatty acid metabolites derived from arachidonic acid. The receptor has also been termed hGPCR48, HGPCR48, and R527 but OXER1 is now its preferred designation. OXER1 is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is structurally related to the hydroxy-carboxylic acid (HCA) family of G protein-coupled receptors whose three members are HCA1 (GPR81), HCA2, and HCA3 ; OXER1 has 30.3%, 30.7%, and 30.7% amino acid sequence identity with these GPCRs, respectively. It is also related to the recently defined receptor, GPR31, for the hydroxyl-carboxy fatty acid 12-HETE.

Rhodopsin-like receptors

Rhodopsin-like receptors are a family of proteins that comprise the largest group of G protein-coupled receptors.

The known human niacin receptors are:

The class C G-protein-coupled receptors are a class of G-protein coupled receptors that include the metabotropic glutamate receptors and several additional receptors.

O-1602

O-1602 is a synthetic compound most closely related to abnormal cannabidiol, and more distantly related in structure to cannabinoid drugs such as THC. O-1602 does not bind to the classical cannabinoid receptors CB1 or CB2 with any significant affinity, but instead is an agonist at several other receptors which appear to be related to the cannabinoid receptors, particularly GPR18 and GPR55. These previously orphan receptors have been found to be targets for a number of endogenous and synthetic cannabinoid compounds, and are thought to be responsible for most of the non-CB1, non-CB2 mediated effects that have become evident in the course of cannabinoid research. O-1602 produces some effects shared with classical cannabinoid compounds such as analgesic and antiinflammatory effects and appetite stimulation, but it does not produce sedation or psychoactive effects, and has several actions in the gut and brain that are not shared with typical cannabinoid agonists.

CID16020046

CID16020046 is a compound which acts as an inverse agonist at the former orphan receptor GPR55, and may be the first selective inverse agonist characterised for this receptor. It was found to block a number of GPR55 mediated responses such as wound healing and activation of immune system T-cells and B-cells, as well as showing inverse agonist activity in the absence of GPR55 agonist stimulation. However while it was found to have good selectivity over the related CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors as well as a number of other targets, CID16020046 has not yet been tested against another related receptor GPR18, so its selectivity for GPR55 over this target has not been established. It has antiinflammatory actions, has been used to study the interaction between GPR55 mediated and CB1 mediated activity, and research using this compound has revealed a role for GPR55 in learning and memory.

The hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor (abbreviated HCA receptor and HCAR) family includes the following human proteins:

References

  1. ↑ Jung, J. K.; Johnson, B. R.; Duong, T; Decaire, M; Uy, J; Gharbaoui, T; Boatman, P. D.; Sage, C. R.; Chen, R; Richman, J. G.; Connolly, D. T.; Semple, G (April 2007). "Analogues of acifran: agonists of the high and low affinity niacin receptors, GPR109a and GPR109b". J. Med. Chem. 50 (7): 1445–8. doi:10.1021/jm070022x. PMID   17358052.


This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.