Aeroflot Flight E-15

Last updated
Aeroflot Flight E-15
Yakovlev Yak-40, CCCP-87792, Aeroflot.jpg
Yak-40 of Aeroflot
Accident
Date15 July 1975 (1975-07-15)
SummaryControlled flight into terrain
SiteFlag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union near Batumi, Adjara ASSR, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union
Total fatalities40
Aircraft
Aircraft typeYak-40
OperatorFlag of Armenian SSR.svg  Armenian SSR Aeroflot (Armenian UGA, Yerevan AO)
Registration CCCP-87475
Flight originFlag of Armenian SSR.svg  Armenian SSR Zvartnots, Yerevan (Armenian SSR)
DestinationFlag of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.svg  Georgian SSR Batumi, Adjara ASSR
Occupants40
Passengers35
Crew5
Fatalities40

The Yak-40 crash near Batumi was an aviation accident that occurred on July 15, 1975 in the mountains near Batumi involving a Yak-40 aircraft operated by Aeroflot, resulting in the deaths of 40 people.

Contents

Aircraft

The Yak-40 with tail number 87475 (factory number 9442037, serial number 37-20) was manufactured by the Saratov Aviation Plant on December 10, 1974 and was delivered to the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation, which assigned it to the 1st Yerevan Aviation Unit of the Armenian Civil Aviation Administration. At the time of the accident, the aircraft had logged 1244 flight hours and 1151 landings. [1]

Accident

The aircraft was operating Flight E-15 from Yerevan to Batumi, piloted by a crew from the 113th flight squadron, consisting of Captain (PIC) Suren Avetisovich Nersesyan, co-pilot Eduard Artashesovich Ovsepyan, and flight engineer Gennady Vladimirovich Azizyan. Also in the cockpit was a checker, senior pilot-instructor of the MGA Nikolai Alexandrovich Loginov. The cabin crew included stewardess Rimma Misakovna Mikaelyan. There were a total of 35 passengers on board, including 23 adults and 12 children. [2]

At 12:18 MSK, Flight E-15 entered the airspace of Batumi Airport and the crew established communication with the dispatcher. The dispatcher gave permission to descend to 300 meters for the fourth turn and provided landing conditions with a magnetic course of 127°. At 12:25, the dispatcher reported weather conditions: overcast with a lower boundary at 420 meters, scattered clouds at 300 meters, visibility of 5 kilometers, and an easterly wind (195°) at 5–8 m/s. Although these conditions were above the minimum, the actual weather had deteriorated significantly, with visibility at 3 kilometers and a lower cloud boundary at 200 meters. [2]

When the aircraft was 11 kilometers from the airport, the dispatcher cleared the fourth turn and reported a reciprocal course of 139° as the aircraft was 2 kilometers to the left of the approach course. At 12:29:35, the dispatcher informed the crew that the distance from the airport was 5 kilometers. The Yak-40 was between the coastline and the runway threshold, 1300 meters from the runway threshold, when the checker on board informed the dispatcher about a go-around. According to eyewitnesses, the aircraft flew over a point 2700 meters northwest (azimuth 307°) of the runway threshold, almost on the landing course with a left turn. At this moment, the last communication from the dispatcher to the crew occurred: "Can you make a visual approach?". "Yes, visual approach.". After this, the aircraft, still in the clouds, flew over the mountain Anaria. When the dispatcher attempted to contact the crew again 170 seconds later, there was no response. [2]

Eyewitnesses reported that the Yak-40 made a right turn over the tea factory (9 kilometers from the airport reference point) along the valley of the Korolisckali River, then turned left to a magnetic course of 60°, and continued in this direction. Approximately 1000–1500 meters later, the Yak-40 began a right turn with altitude gain when at 12:34, at an altitude of 550 meters above sea level, with a course of 84°, right bank of 20°, and angle of attack of 14°, it collided with a mountain 594.6 meters high, 15 kilometers from the airport. The aircraft exploded and burned upon impact, killing all 40 people on board. [2]

Causes

According to the investigation, the weather information provided by the dispatcher to the crew did not match the actual conditions. The flight operations supervisor knew that the weather reported by AMSG at 12:15 was below the minimum but did not take action to direct the aircraft to an alternate airport. The crew, in turn, initiated a go-around from an altitude of 150 meters and 1300 meters from the runway threshold, likely due to deteriorating visibility on the final approach. The crew then entered clouds in mountainous terrain and decided to attempt a second approach without sufficient conditions for visual flight. The decision to gain altitude and transition to instrument flight was too late, leading to the collision with the mountain. The aircraft itself was fully operational and had no failures before the collision. [2]

The main cause of the accident was the significant deviation of the aircraft's flight path from the established procedure during the go-around.

Contributing factors: [2]

  1. Incorrect visibility information given to the crew (5 kilometers instead of 3 kilometers), with the airport's minimum visibility set at 5 kilometers, and the lack of continuous radar control during the go-around.
  2. Inadequate meteorological support for the flight at the airfield, including infrequent 15-minute weather observations.
  3. The absence of terrain features higher than 200 meters in the procedure chart and flight production instructions at a distance of 5 kilometers from the scheme, while the actual altitude was 410 meters.

Reference

  1. "Yakovlev Yak-40 Tail Number: CCCP-87475". Russianplanes.net. Archived from the original on 2013-05-19. Retrieved 2013-05-10.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Yak-40 crash of Armenian UGA near Batumi". airdisaster.ru. Archived from the original on 2013-01-22. Retrieved 2013-05-10.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Instrument flight rules</span> Civil aviation regulations for flight on instruments

In aviation, instrument flight rules (IFR) is one of two sets of regulations governing all aspects of civil aviation aircraft operations; the other is visual flight rules (VFR).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Instrument approach</span> Aircraft landing procedure

In aviation, an instrument approach or instrument approach procedure (IAP) is a series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft operating under instrument flight rules from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing, or to a point from which a landing may be made visually. These approaches are approved in the European Union by EASA and the respective country authorities and in the United States by the FAA or the United States Department of Defense for the military. The ICAO defines an instrument approach as "a series of predetermined maneuvers by reference to flight instruments with specific protection from obstacles from the initial approach fix, or where applicable, from the beginning of a defined arrival route to a point from which a landing can be completed and thereafter, if landing is not completed, to a position at which holding or en route obstacle clearance criteria apply."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">American Airlines Flight 383 (1965)</span> 1965 aviation accident in the United States

American Airlines Flight 383 was a nonstop flight from New York City to Cincinnati on November 8, 1965. The aircraft was a Boeing 727, with 57 passengers, and 5 crew on board. The aircraft crashed on final approach to the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport located in Hebron, Kentucky, United States. Only three passengers and one flight attendant survived the crash.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linjeflyg Flight 267V</span> 1964 aviation accident

Linjeflyg Flight 267V was a controlled flight into terrain by a Convair 440-75 Metropolitan on 20 November 1964 at 21:14 in Ängelholm, Skåne, Sweden. The Linjeflyg pilots, misled by a non-conventional military runway light configuration, descended too early and on a faulty course during approach to Ängelholm–Helsingborg Airport. The crash killed 31 of 43 people on board, making it the deadliest aviation accident in Sweden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 450</span> 1975 aviation accident

Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 450, JP 450, was an international charter flight from Tivat in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to Prague, Czechoslovakia which crashed in the Prague suburb of Suchdol on October 30, 1975, at 09:20 AM. The McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 with 115 passengers and 5 crew on board descended, under Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC), below defined Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) during the final approach to Prague Ruzyně Airport RWY 25, entered a gorge above Vltava river, and was unable to outclimb the rising terrain. 75 of the 120 occupants died during the crash itself while 4 others died later in hospital. The accident remains the worst aviation disaster on the Czech Republic soil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 (2012)</span> Aviation accident

On 12 September 2012 at about 12:20 local time, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251, operated by an Antonov An-28, crashed while attempting to land at Palana Airport in Russia. Both pilots were killed, together with 8 of the 12 passengers. All 4 survivors were in serious condition. The aircraft descended below minima on approach in instrument meteorological conditions and impacted a forested slope. Alcohol was found in the blood of both flight crew.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight 721</span> 1964 aviation accident

Aeroflot Flight 721 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight between Moscow and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in the Russian SFSR. On Wednesday, 2 September 1964, the aircraft flying this route, an Ilyushin Il-18V, crashed into the side of a hill on approach to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, killing 87 of the 93 people on board. At the time of the accident, it was the deadliest Il-18 crash and the deadliest aviation accident on Russian soil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight N-528</span> 1987 aviation accident

Aeroflot Flight N-528 was a regular commercial flight from Odesa to Berdyansk that crashed at11:22 local time while attempting to land in poor weather conditions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight 191</span> 1963 aviation accident

Aeroflot Flight 191 was a Soviet domestic passenger flight from Vnukovo International Airport to Ashkhabad International Airport, with a stopover in Krasnovodsk Airport. On 5 March 1963, the Ilyushin Il-18 crashed while landing at Ashgabat International Airport as a result of a dust storm. 12 of the 54 people on board were killed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1994 Vanavara air disaster</span> Fatal plane crash in Russia

The 1994 Vanavara air disaster occurred on 26 September 1994 when a Yakovlev Yak-40, operated by Russian regional airliner Cheremshanka Airlines, crashed onto the bank of a river near Vanavara, Russia. All 24 passengers and 4 crew members died.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight 101/X-20</span> 1965 aviation accident

Aeroflot Flight 101/X-20 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Moscow to Alma-Ata via Omsk, Soviet Union, that crashed in low visibility conditions on 4 January 1965, killing 64 of the 103 people on board.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight U-45</span> 1970 aviation accident in the Soviet Union

Aeroflot Flight U-45 was a passenger flight operated by an Ilyushin Il-18 that crashed during the approach to Samarkand on Friday, 6 February 1970, resulting in the death of 92 of the 106 people on board. An investigation revealed the aircraft went below the minimum obstacle clearance altitude (MOCA) during approach to Samarkand International Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight 207</span> 1960 aviation accident

Aeroflot Flight 207 was a Soviet domestic passenger flight from Rostov-on-Don Airport to Tbilisi International Airport that crashed on 10 June 1960 in the Tkvarcheli district. The crash involved an Ilyushin Il-14 aircraft operated by Aeroflot. There were 24 passengers and 7 crew on board, all of whom perished in the crash.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight 663</span> Aviation accident

Aeroflot Flight 663 was a Soviet passenger flight from Tbilisi International Airport to Krasnodar International Airport that crashed on 24 August 1963, in the Kutaisi region. The crash involved an Aeroflot Avia 14. All 27 passengers and 5 crew on board were killed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kuban Airlines Flight 5719</span> 1993 aviation incident in Armenia

Kuban Airlines Flight 5719 was a flight during which an aviation accident occurred involving an Antonov An-26b aircraft of the Russian airline Kuban Airlines, on Sunday, December 26, 1993 during landing at Shirak International Airport in Gyumri (Armenia), causing the deaths of 35 people. It was the largest aviation disaster in Armenia since 1991.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight H-75</span>

The Aeroflot Flight H-75 was an aviation accident involving an Antonov An-24B aircraft operated by the Kyiv United Aviation Squadron (Aeroflot), which occurred on Sunday, January 6, 1974, near Mukachevo, resulting in the deaths of all 24 people on board.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight 136</span> Aviation accident on 28 October 1954

Aeroflot Flight 136 was an aviation disaster involving an Ilyushin Il-12P passenger aircraft operated by Aeroflot, which occurred on Thursday, October 28, 1954, in Krasnoyarsk Krai on the slope of Mount Sivukha. The crash resulted in the deaths of 19 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight E-35D</span>

The Aeroflot Flight E-35D was an aviation disaster that occurred on Wednesday, August 1, 1990, in the vicinity of Stepanakert with a Yak-40 aircraft operated by Aeroflot, resulting in the deaths of 46 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot-Yugavia Flight 519</span>

The Aeroflot-Yugavia Flight 519 was a major aviation accident that occurred on Thursday, November 7, 1991, in the vicinity of Makhachkala involving a Yak-40 aircraft of the Yugavia aviation concern ("Aeroflot-Yugavia"), resulting in the deaths of 51 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeroflot Flight F-77</span>

Aeroflot Flight F-77 was an An-24B operating from Moscow to Bugulma with an intermediate stop in Cheboksary that crashed near Bugulma on Sunday, March 2, 1986, resulting in the deaths of all 38 occupants on board.