| Aggregatibacter aphrophilus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Pasteurellales |
| Family: | Pasteurellaceae |
| Genus: | Aggregatibacter |
| Species: | A. aphrophilus |
| Binomial name | |
| Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (Khairat 1940) Nørskov-Lauritsen and Kilian 2006 [1] | |
| Type strain | |
| ATCC 33389 CCUG 3715 | |
| Synonyms [2] | |
| |
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus is a species of bacteria. It is one of the HACEK organisms. [3]
The HACEK organisms are a group of fastidious Gram-negative bacteria that are an unusual cause of infective endocarditis, which is an inflammation of the heart due to bacterial infection. HACEK is an abbreviation of the initials of the genera of this group of bacteria: Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella. The HACEK organisms are a normal part of the human microbiota, living in the oral-pharyngeal region.
The Pasteurellaceae comprise a large family of Gram-negative bacteria. Most members live as commensals on mucosal surfaces of birds and mammals, especially in the upper respiratory tract. Pasteurellaceae are typically rod-shaped, and are a notable group of facultative anaerobes. Their biochemical characteristics can be distinguished from the related Enterobacteriaceae by the presence of oxidase, and from most other similar bacteria by the absence of flagella.
Haemophilus is a genus of Gram-negative, pleomorphic, coccobacilli bacteria belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae. While Haemophilus bacteria are typically small coccobacilli, they are categorized as pleomorphic bacteria because of the wide range of shapes they occasionally assume. These organisms inhabit the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, mouth, vagina, and intestinal tract. The genus includes commensal organisms along with some significant pathogenic species such as H. influenzae—a cause of sepsis and bacterial meningitis in young children—and H. ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid. All members are either aerobic or facultatively anaerobic. This genus has been found to be part of the salivary microbiome.
A coccobacillus, or bacilluscocco, is a type of bacterium with a shape intermediate between cocci and bacilli. Coccobacilli, then, are very short rods which may be mistaken for cocci.
Capnophiles are microorganisms that thrive in the presence of high concentrations of carbon dioxide.
The indole test is a biochemical test performed on bacterial species to determine the ability of the organism to convert tryptophan into indole. This division is performed by a chain of a number of different intracellular enzymes, a system generally referred to as "tryptophanase."
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, nonmotile bacterium that is often found in association with localized aggressive periodontitis, a severe infection of the periodontium. It is also suspected to be involved in chronic periodontitis. Less frequently, A. actinomycetemcomitans is associated with nonoral infections such as endocarditis. Its role in aggressive periodontitis was first discovered by Danish-born periodontist Jørgen Slots, a professor of dentistry and microbiology at the University of Southern California School of Dentistry.
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RPS6KA2 gene.
Actinobacillus is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and non-spore-forming, oval to rod-shaped bacteria occurring as parasites or pathogens in mammals, birds, and reptiles. It is a member of the family Pasteurellaceae. The bacteria are facultatively anaerobic or aerobic, capable of fermenting carbohydrates, and of reducing nitrates. The genomic DNA contains between 40 and 47 mol % guanine plus cytosine.
Bacterial cellular morphologies are morphologies that are characteristic of various types bacteria and often a key factor in identifying bacteria species. Their direct examination under the light microscope enables the classification of these bacteria and archaea.
Aggregatibacter is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria), which contains three species, namely:
Haemophilus parainfluenzae is a species of Haemophilus.
Aggressive periodontitis describes a type of periodontal disease and includes two of the seven classifications of periodontitis as defined by the 1999 classification system:
Tryptic soy-serum-bacitracin-vancomycin (TSBV) is a type of agar plate medium used in microbiological testing to select for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. It was described by Jørgen Slots in 1982, who also discovered the role of A.a. in periodontitis.
Avibacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria from the family Pasteurellaceae.
HrrF RNA is a small non-coding RNA involved in iron homeostasis in Haemophilus species. Orthologues exist only among other Pasteurellacae. Iron- regulated sRNAs JA01- JA04 were identified in related Aggregatibacter. It is an analog to PrrF and RyhB RNAs. HrrF is maximally expressed when iron levels are low. Ferric uptake regulator (Fur) binds upstream of the hrrF promoter. HrrF stability is not dependent on the RNA chaperone Hfq. RNA-seq has shown that HrrF targets are mRNAs of genes whose products are involved in molybdate uptake, deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, and amino acid synthesis.
Four non-coding small RNAs containing a Fur box-like sequence were identified by bioinformatics analysis in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansHK1651 called JA01-JA04. The transcription of sRNAs was confirmed by Northern blot. Fur binding was demonstrated to each sRNA promoter, and that transcription of the sRNAs was decreased in presence of iron and increased by iron limitation. JA03 may have the ability to regulate biofilm formation. JA01 is conserved only among A. actinomycetemcomitans. JA02 is present in both A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. multocida. JA 03 and JA04 are most widely conserved and have orthologues across many Pasteurellaceae. HrrF RNA is another Fur-regulated sRNA conserved among the Pasteurcellaceae.
N-glycosyltransferase is an enzyme in prokaryotes which transfers individual hexoses onto asparagine sidechains in substrate proteins, using a nucleotide-bound intermediary, within the cytoplasm. They are distinct from regular N-glycosylating enzymes, which are oligosaccharyltransferases that transfer pre-assembled oligosaccharides. Both enzyme families however target a shared amino acid sequence asparagine—-any amino acid except proline—serine or threonine (N–x–S/T), with some variations.
Aggregatibacter segnis is a species of bacteria. A. segnis can be cultured on chocolate agar.
  | This Gammaproteobacteria-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |