Alphapolyomavirus

Alphapolyomavirus
Alphapolyomavirus model with a non-enveloped capsid and a T = 7d icosahedral symmetry at a 50 nm diameter scale
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Monodnaviria
Kingdom:	Shotokuvirae
Phylum:	Cossaviricota
Class:	Papovaviricetes
Order:	Sepolyvirales
Family:	Polyomaviridae
Genus:	Alphapolyomavirus

Alphapolyomavirus is one of eight genera of non-enveloped dsDNA viruses in the Polyomaviridae family. ^{[1] [2]} Member viruses primarily infect humans and other mammals. ^[3] Transmission of the virus in humans is primarily spread via direct contact with parents or other high-contact individuals as children. ^{[4] [5]}

The primary alphapolyomavirus that is of clinical significance to humans is Merkel cell polyomavirus (Human polyomavirus 5, MCV, or MCPyV). The apparent oncogenicity of MCPyV ^[6] similar to other cancer-causing viruses such as HPV, Epstein–Barr virus, and Hepatitis C virus ^[7] is a main area of research for the scientific community.

Species

The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species: ^{[8] [9]}

• Alphapolyomavirus acelebensis, Bat polyomavirus 5b2
• Alphapolyomavirus aflavicollis, Apodemus flavicollis polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus apaniscus, Ateles paniscus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus callosciuri, Callosciurus erythraeus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus cardiodermae, Cardioderma polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus carolliae, Bat polyomavirus 4b
• Alphapolyomavirus castoris, Castor fiber polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus chlopygerythrus, Vervet monkey polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus dobsoniae, Bat polyomavirus 5a
• Alphapolyomavirus eidoli, Eidolon polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus epserotini, Eptesicus serotinus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus gorillae, Gorilla gorilla gorilla polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus macacae, Macaca fascicularis polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus mauratus, Hamster polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus mischreibersii, Miniopterus schreibersii polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus molossi, Bat polyomavirus 3b
• Alphapolyomavirus muris, Mouse polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus myodaubentonii, Myotis daubentonii polyomavirus 2
• Alphapolyomavirus nonihominis, Human polyomavirus 9
• Alphapolyomavirus octihominis, Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus omartiensseni, Otomops polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus pacynocephalus, Yellow baboon polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus panos, Chimpanzee polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus philantombae, Philantomba monticola polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus pibadius, Piliocolobus badius polyomavirus 2
• Alphapolyomavirus pirufomitratus, Piliocolobus rufomitratus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus ponabelii, Sumatran orang-utan polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus ponpygmaeus, Bornean orang-utan polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus procyonis, Raccoon polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus ptevampyrus, Bat polyomavirus 5b1
• Alphapolyomavirus quardecihominis, LI polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus quartipanos, Pan troglodytes verus polyomavirus 3
• Alphapolyomavirus quintihominis, Merkel cell polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus quintipanos, Pan troglodytes verus polyomavirus 4
• Alphapolyomavirus ranorvegicus, Rattus norvegicus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus saraneus, Sorex araneus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus secarplanirostris, Bat polyomavirus 3a
• Alphapolyomavirus secomartiensseni, Otomops polyomavirus 2
• Alphapolyomavirus secumastomysis, Mastomys natalensis polyomavirus 2
• Alphapolyomavirus secumischreibersii, Miniopterus schreibersii polyomavirus 2
• Alphapolyomavirus secupanos, Pan troglodytes verus polyomavirus 1a
• Alphapolyomavirus septipanos, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii polyomavirus 2
• Alphapolyomavirus sextipanos, Pan troglodytes verus polyomavirus 5
• Alphapolyomavirus socoronatus, Sorex coronatus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus sominutus, Sorex minutus polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus sturnirae, Bat polyomavirus 3a-B0454
• Alphapolyomavirus suis, Sus scrofa polyomavirus 1
• Alphapolyomavirus terdecihominis, New Jersey polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus tertarplanisrostris, Bat polyomavirus 4a
• Alphapolyomavirus tertichlopygerythrus, Vervet monkey polyomavirus 3
• Alphapolyomavirus tertimastomysis, Mastomys natalensis polyomavirus 3
• Alphapolyomavirus tertipanos, Pan troglodytes verus polyomavirus 2a
• Alphapolyomavirus tubelangeri, Tupaia belangeri polyomavirus
• Alphapolyomavirus tuglis, Tupaia glis polyomavirus 1

References

1. taxonomy. "Taxonomy browser (Polyomaviridae)". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2024-03-19.
2. "Alphapolyomavirus ~ ViralZone". viralzone.expasy.org. Retrieved 2024-03-19.
3. "Genus: Alphapolyomavirus | ICTV". ictv.global. Retrieved 2024-03-19.
4. Kunitake, T; Kitamura, T; Guo, J; Taguchi, F; Kawabe, K; Yogo, Y (Jun 1995). "Parent-to-child transmission is relatively common in the spread of the human polyomavirus JC virus". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 33 (6): 1448–1451. doi:10.1128/jcm.33.6.1448-1451.1995. ISSN   0095-1137. PMC   228193 . PMID   7650165.
5. Boothpur, Raghavender; Brennan, Daniel C. (Apr 2010). "Human Polyoma Viruses and Disease with Emphasis on Clinical BK and JC". Journal of Clinical Virology. 47 (4): 306–312. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2009.12.006. ISSN   1386-6532. PMC   3774018 . PMID   20060360.
6. Spurgeon, Megan E.; Lambert, Paul F. (2013-01-05). "Merkel Cell Polyomavirus: A Newly Discovered Human Virus with Oncogenic Potential". Virology. 435 (1): 118–130. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.029. ISSN   0042-6822. PMC   3522868 . PMID   23217622.
7. "Gale – Product Login". galeapps.gale.com. Retrieved 2024-03-19.
8. "Virus Taxonomy: 2024 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 25 March 2025.
9. "Species List: Polyomaviridae". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 25 March 2025.