Amphidromus elvinae | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
Infraclass: | Euthyneura |
Superorder: | Eupulmonata |
Order: | Stylommatophora |
Informal group: | Sigmurethra |
Family: | Camaenidae |
Genus: | Amphidromus |
Species: | A. elvinae |
Binomial name | |
Amphidromus elvinae Dharma, 2007 | |
Amphidromus elvinae is a species of air-breathing land snail in the family Camaenidae. [1] [2]
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. While these definitions may seem adequate, when looked at more closely they represent problematic species concepts. For example, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear with hybridisation, in a species complex of hundreds of similar microspecies, and in a ring species. Also, among organisms that reproduce only asexually, the concept of a reproductive species breaks down, and each clone is potentially a microspecies.
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. Land snail is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells. However, it is not always easy to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less amphibious between land and fresh water, and others are relatively amphibious between land and salt water.
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea, the typical snails and their allies. This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora.
This species is found in South Bengkulu, South of Sumatra Island, Indonesia. [1] [3]
Bengkulu is a province of Indonesia, located in the southwest coast of Sumatra. It was formed on 18 November 1968 by separating out the former Bengkulu Residency area from the province of South Sumatra under Law No. 9 of 1967 and was finalised by Government Regulation No. 20 of 1968. Spread over 19,813 km2, it is bordered by the provinces of West Sumatra to the north, Jambi to the northeast, Lampung to the southeast, South Sumatra to the east, and the Indian Ocean to the northwest, south, southwest, and west.
The Rejang script, sometimes spelt Redjang and locally known as Surat Ulu, is an abugida of the Brahmic family, and is related to other scripts of the region, like Batak, Buginese, and others. Rejang is a member of the closely related group of Surat Ulu scripts that include the script variants of Bengkulu, Lembak, Lintang, Lebong, and Serawai. Other scripts that are closely related, and sometimes included in the Surat Ulu group, are Kerinci and Lampung. The script was in use prior to the introduction of Islam to the Rejang area; the earliest attested document appears to date from the mid-18th century CE. The Rejang script is sometimes also known as the KaGaNga script following the first three letters of the alphabet. The term KaGaNga was never used by the users of the script community, but it was coined by the British anthropologist Mervyn A. Jaspan (1926–1975) in his book Folk literature of South Sumatra. Redjang Ka-Ga-Nga texts. Canberra, The Australian National University 1964.
More than 700 living languages are spoken in Indonesia. A major part of them belong to the Austronesian language family, while over 270 Papuan (non-Austronesian) languages are spoken in eastern Indonesia.. The official language is Indonesian, a standardized form of Malay, which serves as the lingua franca of the archipelago. The vocabulary of Indonesian borrows heavily from regional languages of Indonesia, such as Javanese, Sundanese and Minangkabau, as well as from Dutch, Sanskrit and Arabic.
Lubuklinggau, is a city in South Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 419.80 km² and had a population of 201,308 at the 2010 Census the latest official estimate was 216,064. The city was formerly part of the Musi Rawas Regency from which it was separated in 2001.
Rejang Lebong is a regency of Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, on the island of Sumatra. It covers 1,475.99 km² and had a population of 246,787 at the 2010 Census, but the latest official estimate is 263,010. The capital of the Rejang Lebong Regency is the town of Curup.
Bengkulu is a Malayic language spoken on the Indonesian island of Sumatra, around the city of Bengkulu. It is more closely related to other Malay variants in Sumatra such as Col, Jambi Malay and Palembang Malay as well Minangkabau spoken in neighbouring West Sumatra than to Rejangese language, which is also spoken in the province.
Amphidromus is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Camaenidae. The shells of Amphidromus are relatively large, from 25 mm (0.98 in) to 75 mm (3.0 in) in maximum dimension, and particularly colorful. During the 18th century, they were among the first Indonesian land snail shells brought to Europe by travelers and explorers. Since then, the genus has been extensively studied: several comprehensive monographs and catalogs were authored by naturalists and zoologists during the time period from the early 19th to the mid 20th centuries. Modern studies have focused on better understanding the evolutionary relationships within the group, as well as solving taxonomic problems.
]
Kepahiang is a regency in Bengkulu. It is located on the island of Sumatra. The capital of the regency is Kepahiang town. Census on 2016, Kepahiang had 162,343 inhabitants. The regency has a total area of 704.47 km2, of which a high percentage (27%) is still forest. The local society consists of various ethnicities such as Rejang, Serawai, Javanese, Lembak and Sundanese. Rejang is the majority in Kepahiang.
Hazairin was the Indonesia's Minister of Home Affairs from 30 July 1953 to 18 November 1954, serving in the First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet.
Curup is a town and district of Rejang Lebong Regency, part of Bengkulu Province of Indonesia. It is also the administrative capital of the regency. Curup is the second-largest town in the province of Bengkulu. Curup District has an area of 4.64 km², consisting of nine Administrative villages, with 28,173 residents at the 2010 Census. However, the urban area of which Curop District is the centre - including also South Curup, North Curup, Central Curup, and East Curup Districts - covered 101.3 km² and had a 2010 Census population of 115,909.
Rejang people are an Austronesian ethnolinguistic group, native to the some parts of Bengkulu Province and South Sumatera Province in the southwestern part of Sumatera Island, Indonesia. They occupied some area in an cool mountain slopes of the Barisan mountain range in both sides of Bengkulu and South Sumatra. With approximately more than 1,3 million people, they form the largest ethnic group in Bengkulu Province. Rejangese people predominantly live as a majority in 5 out 10 regencies and city of Bengkulu Province, while the rest of them who lives in South Sumatera resides at 7 villages in the district called as Bermani Ulu Rawas. The Rejangs are predominantly an Islam adherent group with small numbers following a religion other than Islam. According to research, Rejangese people are the descendants of the Bukar-Sadong people who moved from the Northern Borneo (Sarawak).
Rejang is an Austronesian language predominantly spoken by the Rejang people in southwestern parts of Sumatra (Bengkulu), Indonesia. There are five dialects, spread from mountainous region to the coastal region of Bengkulu, including the Musi (Musai) dialect, the Lebong dialect, the Kebanagung dialect, the Rawas (Awes) dialect, and the Pesisir dialect.
Amphidromus ngocanhi is a species of slender air-breathing tree snail, an arboreal gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.
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Amphidromus baoi is a species of medium-sized air-breathing tree snail, an arboreal gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.
Amphidromus abbasorum is a species of air-breathing tree snail, an arboreal gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae.
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