Ancistrus maculatus is a tropical fish belonging to the armored catfish family (Loricariidae). The name Ancistrus is derived from the Greek word meaning "hook", akgistron, which refers to the interopercular odontodes found in members of the genus. This fish has the characteristic armored plates of its family and can reach 11.8 cm in standard length when fully grown.
Ancistrus cryptophthalmus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a stygobitic species that is native to South America and occurs only in the São Vicente and Angélica-Bezerra cave system in the Paranã River basin, which is part of the Tocantins River drainage in Brazil. The species reaches 6 cm SL. Alongside Ancistrus galani and A. formoso, this species displays characteristics unusual among loricariids, such as reduced pigmentation and atrophied eyes, which are adaptations to a subterranean habitat that can be found in various types of cavefish.
Ancistrus caucanus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Cauca River basin in Colombia, for which it is named. The species reaches 5.2 cm SL. It is not to be confused with the similarly named species Lasiancistrus caucanus.
Ancistrus centrolepis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater species native to South America, where it occurs in coastal drainages of the northern Andes, including the Atrato River, Baudó River, and San Juan River basins in Colombia. The species reaches 18.4 cm SL.
Ancistrus galani is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs only in Los Laureles Cave, at an elevation of 650 m above sea level, in the Socuy River basin, which is part of the Lake Maracaibo drainage system in the state of Zulia in Venezuela. The species reaches 5.6 cm SL and was named after Carlos Galan, a Venezuelan speleologist. A. galani differs from most Ancistrus species in having an unpigmented body, atrophied or entirely absent eyes, and highly reduced ocular orbits, which are all thought to be adaptations to its dark subterranean habitat and stygobitic lifestyle.
Ancistrus bolivianus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Beni River, the Mamoré River, and the Madre de Dios River. The species reaches 8.8 cm SL.
Ancistrus aguaboensis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known from the upper Tocantins River basin. The area in which the species occurs is characterized by riffles and a primarily rocky substrate, although some amounts of gravel and sand are present. The species reaches 6.7 cm SL. It sometimes appears in the aquarium trade, where it is usually either known as the Aguaboa ancistrus, the Aguaboa pleco, or by its L-number, L032.
Ancistrus jelskii is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to the upper Tulumayo River basin, which is part of the Ucayali River system in Peru. The species reaches 8 cm in total length.
Ancistrus gymnorhynchus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater species native to South America, where it occurs in the upper Pao River basin in the Orinoco drainage, as well as in coastal rivers of the states of Carabobo and Yaracuy in Venezuela. The species reaches 14.2 cm SL and it is known to feed on algae, which it has been noted to be very efficient at removing.
Ancistrus triradiatus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it is known from the drainage basins of the Orinoco, the Los Guayos River, Lake Valencia, and Lake Maracaibo. The species reaches 9.2 cm SL. It sometimes appears in the aquarium trade, where it is known as the gold-spot or three-ray bristlenose pleco.
Ancistrus latifrons is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Amazon River and the Solimões River. The species reaches 15.4 cm SL.
Ancistrus fulvus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Acará River basin in the lower Amazon River drainage in Brazil. The species reaches 8.8 cm SL.
Ancistrus lithurgicus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater species native to South America, where it occurs in the basin of the Essequibo River in Guyana. The species reaches 13.2 cm SL.
Ancistrus clementinae is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Pozuelos River basin, which is part of the Guayas River drainage in Ecuador. The species reaches 10.2 cm SL.
Ancistrus multispinis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Atlantic coastal drainage of eastern Brazil, ranging from the Macacu River to the Maquiné River. The species reaches 14.2 cm SL.
Ancistrus tamboensis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Tambo River basin in the Ucayali River drainage of Peru. The species reaches 8.2 cm SL and is named for the river basin in which it occurs.
Ancistrus nudiceps is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Takutu River basin in the upper Branco River drainage in Guyana. The species reaches 7.9 cm SL.
Ancistrus variolus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Ampiyacu River basin in Peru. The species reaches 4.8 cm SL.
Ancistrus montanus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in high-altitude freshwater environments in the Beni River basin in the upper Madeira River drainage in Bolivia. The species reaches 9.2 cm SL.
Ancistrus bufonius is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Apurímac River basin in Peru. The species reaches 11.5 cm SL.
