Apterocyclus

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Apterocyclus
Oo30681-2-Apterocyclus-honoluluensis-female.jpg
Apterocyclus honoluluensis
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Lucanidae
Subfamily: Lucaninae
Tribe: Lucanini
Genus: Apterocyclus
Waterhouse, 1871 [1]
Apterocyclus waterhousei Oo30683-8-Apterocyclus-waterhousei.jpg
Apterocyclus waterhousei

Apterocyclus is a genus of rare stag beetles in the family Lucanidae. There are about five described species in Apterocyclus. The species of Apterocyclus are found only on the island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands, and are the only scarabaeoid beetles native to the Hawaiian Islands. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Contents

The Apterocyclus are flightless stag beetles, ranging in size from 14 to 23 mm. There are five recently extant species, although some may now be extinct. More than 130 specimens of Apterocyclus were studied between 1871 and 1922, but very few specimens have been found and placed in institutional collections over the past 50 years. Only three of the five species have been confirmed living since the late 1960s (Apterocyclus honoluluensis, A. kawaii, and A. waterhousei). [5]

Based on subfossils from caves at low elevation, it appears that most species of Apterocyclus became extinct after the arrival of humans to Hawaii. Most of the extant species are now found at higher elevations, above 2,000 feet. [5] [6]

Species

These five species belong to the genus Apterocyclus:

Related Research Articles

Stag beetle Family of insects

Stag beetles is a family of about 1,200 species of beetles in the family Lucanidae, currently classified in four subfamilies. Some species grow to over 12 centimetres, but most to about 5 cm (2 in).

The false stag beetles (Diphyllostoma) are a group of three species of rare beetles known only from California. Almost nothing is known of their life history beyond that the adults are diurnal and females are flightless; larvae have not been observed.

Scarabaeoidea Superfamily of beetles

Scarabaeoidea is a superfamily of beetles, the only subgroup of the infraorder Scarabaeiformia. Around 35,000 species are placed in this superfamily and some 200 new species are described each year. Its constituent families are also undergoing revision presently, and the family list below is only preliminary.

Ochodaeidae Family of beetles

Ochodaeidae, also known as the sand-loving scarab beetles, is a small family of scarabaeiform beetles occurring in many parts of the world.

Frederic John Sidney Parry was an English entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera, principally Lucanidae.

<i>Chiasognathus grantii</i> Species of beetle

Chiasognathus grantii is a species of stag beetle found in Argentina and Chile. It is known as Darwin's beetle, Grant's stag beetle, or the Chilean stag beetle.

<i>Chiasognathus</i> Genus of beetles

Chiasognathus is a genus of stag beetles found in Argentina and Chile. It includes seven species:

<i>Cyclommatus</i> Genus of beetles

Cyclommatus is a genus of the family Lucanidae, also known as the stag beetle. The majority of the species from the genus Cyclommatus are located in Southeast Asia, though some species are found in China and Taiwan as well. The genus Cyclommatus also consists of three subgenera: Cyclommatus, Cyclommatinus and Cyclommatellus. Each subgenera contains 80, 24 and 3 species respectively. In total, the genus Cyclommatus consists of a total of 134 species, though more are still being discovered to this day.

<i>Paralissotes reticulatus</i> Species of beetle

Paralissotes reticulatus, also called the New Zealand reticulate stag beetle, is a native species of stag beetle from New Zealand. Although they do have wings they are flightless.

<i>Geodorcus helmsi</i> Species of beetle

Geodorcus helmsi or Helms's stag beetle is a large, slow-moving, flightless stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It is endemic to New Zealand.

Apterostigma electropilosum is an extinct species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae known from a single possibly Miocene fossil found on Hispaniola. A. electropilosum is one of only two species of the ant genus Apterostigma and one of five attini species to have been described from fossils found in Dominican amber.

<i>Geodorcus capito</i> Species of beetle

Geodorcus capito is a large flightless species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It is endemic to the Chatham Islands in New Zealand.

<i>Geodorcus ithaginis</i> Species of beetle

Geodorcus ithaginis, the Mokohinau stag beetle, is a large flightless species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It was described by Thomas Broun in 1893 after being discovered in the Mokohinau Islands by Andreas Stewart Sandager, a lighthouse keeper on the islands. The species survives only on the small unnamed island "Stack H", in an patch of vegetation the size of a living room, and is in extreme danger of extinction.

<i>Geodorcus novaezealandiae</i> Species of beetle

Geodorcus novaezealandiae is a large flightless species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It is the type species and smallest member of the genus Geodorcus. It is endemic to New Zealand.

<i>Apterocyclus honoluluensis</i> Species of beetle

Apterocyclus honoluluensis, the Kauai flightless stag beetle, is a species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It is found on the island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands.

<i>Apterocyclus palmatus</i> Species of beetle

Apterocyclus palmatus is a species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It is found on the island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands.

<i>Apterocyclus kawaii</i>

Apterocyclus kawaii is a species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It is found on the island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands.

<i>Apterocyclus munroi</i>

Apterocyclus munroi is a species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. It was found on the island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands in 1897.

<i>Apterocyclus waterhousei</i>

Apterocyclus waterhousei is a species of stag beetle in the family Lucanidae. The rare, flightless beetle is found only on the island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands. It has been reported in several locations on the island in recent years.

References

  1. Waterhouse, Charles O. (1871). "On a new genus and species of Coleoptera belonging to the family Lucanidae, from the Sandwich Islands". Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. 19 (2): 315–316. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1871.tb01492.x.
  2. "Apterocyclus Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2019-10-18.
  3. "Apterocyclus". GBIF. Retrieved 2019-10-18.
  4. 1 2 3 Paulsen, M. J.; Hawks, David C. (2014). "A review of the primary types of the Hawaiian stag beetle genus Apterocyclus Waterhouse (Coleoptera, Lucanidae, Lucaninae), with the description of a new species". ZooKeys (433): 77–88. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.433.8022 . PMC   4141180 . PMID   25152674.
  5. Elias, S.A. (2010). "Advances in Quaternary entomology". In van der Meer, J.J.M. (ed.). Developments in Quaternary Science. Developments in Quaternary Sciences. 12. Elsevier. pp. 1–304. doi:10.1016/S1571-0866(09)01225-1. ISBN   978-0-444-53424-8.

Further reading