Arab tribal representatives have accused the SDF of stealing the region's oil resources and using its wealth to fund Kurdish-majority regions in the occupation during Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019). In addition to the SDF's discrimination against Arab tribal groups.[9]
In July 2023, SDF forces moved towards the Euphrates apparently to deter an attack by Iranian and Syrian forces massing on the west bank of the river.[10]
On 20 January 2025, gunmen reportedly affiliated with al-Hafl crossed the Euphrates River and launched an attack on SDF checkpoints and headquarters in the towns of Diban and Abu Hamam using rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs). This assault resulted in injuries to three SDF fighters, who were later transported to Omar Military Hospital for medical treatment. A tribal faction led by al-Hafl advocated for an Arab uprising against the SDF.[20][21] In retaliation, the SDF confronted the tribal fighters with fighters from Al-Hasakah to Deir ez-Zor. By the end of the following day, the SDF had all positions.[22][23] The subsequent week saw Asayish initiate a security operation that led to multiple arrests.[24]
On 14 August 2025, clashes erupted between the SDF and Arab Tribal and Clan Forces insurgents; during the clashes, an Arab militant was killed, three others were injured and six SDF members were captured.[8]
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Mazloum Abdi 
Nesrin Abdullah 
Abu Omar al-Idlibi 
Ibrahim al-Hafl
Hashim al-Sattam [2] 
Muhammad al-Sa'eed
Nawaf al-Bashir
Abu Hatem Shaqra [3] 
