Arlene Fiore

Last updated
Arlene M. Fiore
Other namesArlene Fiore Field
Alma materPh.D in Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 2003
AwardsAmerican Geophysical Union James B. Macelwane Medal, December 2011.

Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE), July 2006.

American Geophysical Union James R. Holton Junior Scientist Award, December 2005.

Contents

Scientific career
FieldsAir quality

Climate change and variability

Atmospheric chemistry
InstitutionsColumbia University
Thesis Linking regional air pollution with global chemistry and climate: The role of background ozone  (2002)
Website https://atmoschem.ldeo.columbia.edu/

Arlene M. Fiore is an atmospheric chemist whose research focuses on issues surrounding air quality and climate change. [1]

Education

In 1997 Arlene M. Fiore graduated Harvard College magna cum laude with an A.B. in Environmental Geoscience. She continued her education at Harvard University, graduating in 2003 with a Ph.D. in Earth and Planetary Sciences. [2] Her thesis was titled "Linking regional air pollution with global chemistry and climate: The role of background ozone." [3] [4] In this dissertation, Fiore discusses the importance of background ozone in connecting local air quality with global climate and chemistry, concluding that pollution enhances background ozone and leads to greater climate warming.

Career and research

As an undergraduate at Harvard University, Fiore worked on ozone smog for her honors thesis. [5] As a graduate student at Harvard, Fiore worked with the Harvard Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group. Before becoming a professor, Fiore continued her research at the Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences Program at Princeton University, the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research. In 2011, Fiore started as a professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University in Palisades, NY. She became a full professor in 2016. In her time at Columbia, she taught a variety of classes, including Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry, Insights into Climate and Carbon Cycling from Simple Models, Dust in the Earth System, and Atmosphere Tutorial: Chemistry. [2] [3] [4] In 2021 Fiore moved to Massachusetts Institute of Technology when she was named the first Peter H. Stone and Paola Malanotte Stone Professor in Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences. [6]

Her fields of interest are air quality, climate change and variability, and atmospheric chemistry. [1] She studies connections between the biosphere and the atmosphere, changes and patterns in atmospheric composition, and the relationship between climate and chemistry. [2] [3] [4] [7]

In addition to being a professor and researcher, Fiore participates in a numerous of professional activities. Since 2016 she has been the Principal Investigator with the NASA Health and Air Quality Applied Sciences Team. She has also been a member of the Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Meteorological Society Statement on Atmospheric Ozone, the Steering Committee for NYSERDA-sponsored NESCAUM Workshop on New York City Metropolitan Area Energy and Air Quality Data Gaps, and the Steering Committee's IGAC/SPARC Chemistry-Climate Modeling Initiative since 2014, 2017, 2017, and 2013 respectively. [3]

Awards and honors

In December 2005, Fiore won the American Geophysical Union James R. Holton Junior Scientist Award [2] [4] [8] [9] for the research she conducted in the two years after earning her Ph.D. [10] In July 2006, she earned the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE). [11] [12] In December 2011, the American Geophysical Union awarded Fiore with the James B. Macelwane Medal, for her work in the geophysical sciences as an early career scientist. As specified by the Geophysical Union website, she met the criteria for the award with her high number of publications on atmospheric chemistry which aided to the scientific community's understanding of ozone pollution impacts. [11] Since 2012, Fiore has received two grants from the United States Environmental Protection Agency to study U.S. air pollution and climate warming. [13]

Selected publications

Fiore has co-authored nearly 100 peer-reviewed publications, [3] [4] but the most highly cited are:

Public engagement

In 2002, Arlene Fiore cofounded Earth Science Women's Network (ESWN). [14] [15] Members of this organization lead workshops about career development and equality in the workplace for female students and professionals.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tropopause</span> The boundary of the atmosphere between the troposphere and stratosphere

The tropopause is the atmospheric boundary that demarcates the troposphere from the stratosphere, which are the lowest two of the five layers of the atmosphere of Earth. The tropopause is a thermodynamic gradient-stratification layer that marks the end of the troposphere, and is approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) above the equatorial regions, and approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) above the polar regions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ground-level ozone</span> Constituent gas of the troposphere

Ground-level ozone (O3), also known as surface-level ozone and tropospheric ozone, is a trace gas in the troposphere (the lowest level of the Earth's atmosphere), with an average concentration of 20–30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), with close to 100 ppbv in polluted areas. Ozone is also an important constituent of the stratosphere, where the ozone layer (2 to 8 parts per million ozone) exists which is located between 10 and 50 kilometers above the Earth's surface. The troposphere extends from the ground up to a variable height of approximately 14 kilometers above sea level. Ozone is least concentrated in the ground layer (or planetary boundary layer) of the troposphere. Ground-level or tropospheric ozone is created by chemical reactions between NOx gases (oxides of nitrogen produced by combustion) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The combination of these chemicals in the presence of sunlight form ozone. Its concentration increases as height above sea level increases, with a maximum concentration at the tropopause. About 90% of total ozone in the atmosphere is in the stratosphere, and 10% is in the troposphere. Although tropospheric ozone is less concentrated than stratospheric ozone, it is of concern because of its health effects. Ozone in the troposphere is considered a greenhouse gas, and may contribute to global warming.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Global dimming</span> Reduction in the amount of sunlight reaching Earths surface

Global dimming is a decline in the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface, a measure also known as global direct solar irradiance. It was observed soon after the first systematic measurements of solar irradiance began in the 1950s, and this weakening of visible sunlight proceeded at the rate of 4–5% per decade until 1980s. Yet, solar activity did not vary more than the usual during this period. Instead, global dimming was due to an increase in atmospheric particulate matter, predominantly sulfate aerosols, as the result of rapidly growing air pollution due to post-war industrialization. Since the 1980s, a decrease in air pollution has led to a partial reversal of the dimming trend, sometimes referred to as global brightening. The reversal of dimming is not complete and varies worldwide. Brightening in developed countries during the 1980s and 1990s was offset by increased dimming in developing countries and by the expansion of the global shipping industry. During 2010s, air pollution mitigation in developing countries has also improved rapidly.

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References

  1. 1 2 "Arlene Fiore". Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science. UCAR Community Programs. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Arlene M. Fiore". Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences. Columbia University. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Fiore, Arlene. "Arlene Fiore CV" (PDF). NASA. nasa.gov. Retrieved 10 February 2019.[ dead link ]
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Our Team". Fiore Atmospheric Chemistry Group. Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Fiore, Arlene M (1996). Recent trends in ozone smog: are conditions over the United States improving? (Thesis). OCLC   37697556.
  6. ↑ "Arlene Fiore appointed first Stone Professor in Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences | MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences". eapsweb.mit.edu. Retrieved 2021-07-26.
  7. ↑ "Fiore, Dr. Arlene". NASA HEALTH AND AIR QUALITY APPLIED SCIENCES TEAM. 206.
  8. ↑ "Arlene Fiore". American Geophysical Union: Advancing Earth and Space Science. American Geophysical Union.
  9. ↑ "Kim Wins 2012 James R. Holton Award from AGU". apam.columbia.edu. Archived from the original on 2018-12-23. Retrieved 2019-02-13.
  10. ↑ "Holton Award". Atmospheric Sciences. Retrieved 2019-02-13.
  11. 1 2 "AGU James B. Macelwane Medalist Arlene Fiore". Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  12. ↑ "White House Announces 2005 Awards for Early Career Scientists and Engineers" (PDF). Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  13. ↑ "Arlene M. Fiore". United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  14. ↑ "Who We Are – ESWN" . Retrieved 2019-02-13.
  15. ↑ "Arlene Fiore". Honors Program. Retrieved 2019-02-13.
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