Arti et Amicitiae

Last updated

Arti et Amicitiae
Arti1.jpg
The society today
Arti et Amicitiae
General information
TypeArtist's society
Architectural styleneo-classical
Location Amsterdam
AddressRokin
Coordinates 52°22′8.13″N4°53′29.73″E / 52.3689250°N 4.8915917°E / 52.3689250; 4.8915917
Completed1855
Design and construction
Architect(s) J. H. Leliman

Arti et Amicitiae (lat .: For Art and Friendship) is a Dutch artist's society founded in 1839, and located on the Rokin in Amsterdam. The Society (also called Arti for short) has played a key role in the Netherlands art scene and in particular in the Amsterdam art schools. It was and is to this day a hub for artists and art lovers in the city of Amsterdam. It is a private institution which supports artists, maintains social networks and offers a pension fund. In recent times it has been one of the venues for the 17th edition of the Sonic Acts Festival.

Contents

Arti et Amicitiae is also the name of the building. The complex was merged from two separate buildings and given a white neo-classical facade by J. H. Leliman in 1855.

History and Structure

Gable stone of the old Sint Lucas guild above the door of its former location, Waag, Amsterdam. Sint-Lucasgilde.JPG
Gable stone of the old Sint Lucas guild above the door of its former location, Waag, Amsterdam.

In 1794 the last Dutch city painter's guild was dissolved during the French occupation by Napoleonic rule. The need for a common meeting place for artists became various clubs and drawing societies. In 1839 the Sociëtait Arti et Amicitiae was founded. A year later the building "Grand Salon Dupond", located in the center of Amsterdam at the Rokin 3, was acquired at an auction. It became the home of this young society. Its aim was to address a distinguished audience and to promote interest in art. Initially it was called Arti et Amicitiae – Sociëtait – Société des Beux on Rokin 3. Today it is called Maatschappij Arti et Amicitiae, or just "Arti". Today the house is assigned the number 112.

In 1841 the new exhibition Salon was created according to plans by the architect Marinus van Elven Geradur Tetar on the first floor. He was professor and director of the architecture department at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Amsterdam. To enhance this cooperative society of Fine Arts, in 1841 the King William II was given honorary membership.

In 1880, the reestablishment of the St. Lucas Artist's Association took place in Amsterdam. This had nothing in common with the construction and alignment of the old guilds. Like other artist clubs, it was a meeting place, a place of training, and a meeting point of art lovers and collectors. However, it was unable to compete with the Sociëteit Arti et Amicitiae because it was considered too academic. Added to this there was the problem of a lack of exhibition space.

Of great importance were the art appreciation evenings. Art lovers (amateurs) and collectors gathered around the artist who showed photographs and lithographs. [1] [2] The declared objective was to stimulate interest in the art, and then finally to improve the economic situation of the artist. This was new for artist societies. After the guilds had vanished as an economic instrument, this form of art promotion was the best alternative. For the members they created a widows and orphans fund along the lines of the old guilds funded by a portion of entrance fees for artists, the sale of exhibition catalogs and membership fees of the honorary members. Other income was generated from sales from the collection of the Historical Gallery.

Arti et Amicitiae – the politics

Plan for exhibition space, 1841. Arti et Amicitiae Amsterdam kunstzaal 1841.jpg
Plan for exhibition space, 1841.

It was decided by Napoleon Bonaparte that the art world always had to be operated and determined by the rulers. In the Art Academy of Delft non-artists made art policy. The ranks of Soziëteit aimed to create an effective counter-movement. The aim has always been to guarantee the sovereignty of society – which has been retained steadfastly to this day. This was, and still is today, above all the financial as an art policy. To increase the popularity of an advertising campaign for a statue of a very important son of the city – Rembrandt van Rijn – has been initiated.

A founding member of Arti et Amiticae, Louis Royer, created this statue. In 1852 it was unveiled by King William III. One of the main concerns was the creation of a historical gallery with 103 works from scenes of national history. In 1841 the increase took place in the new exhibition room. The interesting effect was, a glass roof let sunlight into the elongated exhibition room. It was possible because the new steel construction allowed in the roof area a continuous band of windows.

The shading effect has been achieved via an internal cornice. The vertical exhibit space was divided on pilasters. [4] This is well recognized for its individually tailored art exhibitions. This is both to members and non-members. The latter include, inter alia, Marc Chagall, Vincent van Gogh and Max Liebermann.

The company is called today about 550 artists and 1100 as members of her own sponsor.[ clarification needed ]

The very valuable and extensive historical library that was built up over the history of this association, has been delivered to the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. [5] – The historical archives is still there.

The Building

The house of the Societeit Arti et Amicitiae with the urban situation at Gracht Ronkin at the end of the 19th century Arti.jpg
The house of the Sociëteit Arti et Amicitiae with the urban situation at Gracht Ronkin at the end of the 19th century

The accommodation at the Rokin 3 have been maintained until today. The semi-detached house is characterized by the built-in cast-iron supports. The glass roof ensures a uniform illumination.

Four allegories (Architecture, Sculpture, Painting, Engraving) on the facade of "Arti et Amicitiae", Rokin, Amsterdam. Bouwkunst beeldhouwkunst schilderkunst graveerkunst Franz Stracke Arti et Amicitiae Rokin Amsterdam.jpg
Four allegories (Architecture, Sculpture, Painting, Engraving) on the facade of "Arti et Amicitiae", Rokin, Amsterdam.

The neo-classical facade has been accentuated by the four allegory building, sculpture, engraving and painting – they are standing for the four in the house united art forms. These sculptures date back to Franz Stracke. In the facade are located a hand as a landmark and the ox, patron saint of the former guild of St. Lucas. The architect Hendrikus Petrus Berlage had taken the indoor design. Here showrooms, boardrooms and a private club room have been created.

In 1893/94 the first rebuilding took place. The main entrance was moved to the Spui and the staircase and the hallway had been renewed. The architects Berlage and Beys, both members of the Artists' Association, distinguished themselves responsible for this construction project. In the years 1962–64 the building was completely restored and modernized. The main entrance was moved back to the Rokin. The exhibition rooms have been modernized. The precious woodwork of the interiors and the furniture works are still largely intact. In 2009, the adjacent building no. 114 was purchased in order to integrate new premises.

In the precious staircase is a gallery of the great painters of the 2nd Golden Age of Dutch painting. These are such names as Lizzy Ansingh, George Hendrik Breitner, Marius Bauer, Bernd Blommers, the brothers Jacob Maris, Willem Maris and Matthijs Maris, Isaac Israëls, Jozef Israëls, Lourens Alma Tadema, Hendrik Willem Mesdag, Jan Sluijters, Jan Toorop, Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch, Willem Witsen, Coba Ritsema and Kees Marks.

In 1878 Wilhelm Ferdinand Willink van Collen had decreed in his will. An amount of 30,000 guilders was to support the Sociëteit Arti et Amicitiae. He had the task of promoting the young Dutch artists during their study phase through a stipend. [7] From 1880 the Willink van Collenprijs was awarded with interruptions until 1950. First Arti had oriented to the tiered pricing of Paris Salon. [8] From 1890 only one 1st prize was awarded to the new regulation. In 1897, 1909 and 1910 and in 1917 it was awarded several times. In Amsterdam this idea of support for artists had fallen on fertile soil. This can be seen in its long duration and the recognition of a number of award winners up to the present time in 1950.

Prize of Sociëtait Arti et Amicitiae

In addition to the aforementioned prize, a separate prize for artist was awarded by the Sociëtait yet. This was also highly sought after.

In the Netherlands there was the art exhibition of living artists, which took place in the two- to three-year intervals. Thus, the young artist had three ways to make a name and to make known their art in this way.

Important members

The society awarded medals to young talents and the list of the winners

Notes

  1. This type of printmaking became quite popular in the late 19th century.
  2. In 1820 a project was initiated by the Baron de Isidore Taylor with the name "Voyages pittoresques et dans l'ancienne France romantiques" to present historical monuments, gothic ruins and wild landscapes as lithography, which was very successful.
  3. Arti et Amicitiae: Neuer Ausstellungsraum aus dem Jahre 1841 nach Plänen von dem Baumeister Marinus Geradur Tétar van Elven.
  4. This vertical pillar-like shape element in architecture was gladly taken at that time.
  5. Arti library on the website of the Van Gogh Museum
  6. Original wooden sculptures by Franz Stracké in 1855 were taken inside for restoration (where they stayed) and these bronze sculptures were cast from the originals in 1989.
  7. Van Collen (1847–1878) was a painter and beyond as he and his wife Anna van Bosse were art lovers.
  8. The French Salon has five levels: Admission to the exhibition is connected with the possibility of a gold medal, silver medal. Then there was the commendation and finally the mention of participation.
  9. "Teeken-, schilder-, plaatsnijkunst, enz. Gezelligheid". Dietsche Warande (in Dutch). 1887–1888. p. 423. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  10. List of Art-medaille winners Archived 22 February 2013 at archive.today in the RKD

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Hendrik Breitner</span> Dutch painter and photographer

George Hendrik Breitner was a Dutch painter and photographer. An important figure in Amsterdam Impressionism, he is noted especially for his paintings of street scenes and harbours in a realistic style. He painted en plein air, and became interested in photography as a means of documenting street life and atmospheric effects – rainy weather in particular – as reference materials for his paintings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rokin</span> Canal in Amsterdam

The Rokin is a canal and major street in the centre of Amsterdam. The street runs from Muntplein square to Dam square. The Rokin canal used to run from Muntplein square to Dam Square, but in 1936, the part between Spui square and Dam Square was filled in. Canal boats are now moored on the remaining part of the water, from the Amstel to Grimburgwal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anthon van Rappard</span> Dutch painter and draughtsman (1858–1892)

Anthon Gerard Alexander van Rappard was a Dutch painter and draughtsman. He was a pupil of Lawrence Alma-Tadema. He was also a friend and mentor of Vincent van Gogh for about four years, who is said to have appreciated him for his social engagement, amongst other reasons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Willem Witsen</span> Dutch painter and photographer

Willem Arnoldus Witsen was a Dutch painter and photographer associated with the Amsterdam Impressionism movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hendrik van de Sande Bakhuyzen</span> Dutch painter and art teacher

Hendrik (Hendrikus) van de Sande Bakhuyzen was a Dutch landscape painter and art teacher. He was a prominent contributor to the Romantic period in Dutch art and his students and children founded the art movement known as the Hague School. Like his contemporaries Edward Williams, Jacob Maris, and Jozef Israëls, he was part of a family of prominent painters, including son Julius van de Sande Bakhuyzen, daughter Gerardina Jacoba van de Sande Bakhuyzen, and nephew Alexander Hieronymus Bakhuyzen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pulchri Studio</span> Dutch art society, institution and studio in The Hague, Netherlands

Pulchri Studio is a Dutch art society, art institution and art studio based in The Hague ('s-Gravenhage), Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rie de Balbian Verster-Bolderheij</span> Dutch painter (1890–1990)

Hendrika Cornelia "Rie" de Balbian Verster-Bolderheij was a Dutch painter. She attended the Dagtekenschool voor meisjes in Amsterdam. She submitted some of her work into the "Paintings" event of the "Mixed Painting" category of the art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics, but did not win a medal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jan Adam Kruseman</span> Dutch painter

Jan Adam Kruseman was a Dutch painter, known primarily for his portraits, although he also did landscapes and genre scenes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">August Allebé</span> Dutch artist and teacher (1838–1927)

August Allebé was an artist and teacher from the Northern Netherlands. His early paintings were in a romantic style, but in his later work he was an exponent of realism and impressionism. He was a major initiator and promoter of Amsterdam Impressionism, the artist's association St. Lucas, and the movement of the Amsterdamse Joffers. Amsterdam Impressionism – sometimes referred to by art historians as the School of Allebé – was the counterflow to the very strong Hague School in the movement of Dutch Impressionism. As a professor at the Royal Academy of Amsterdam he fostered a cosmopolitan attitude toward art and the promotion and motivation of his students, and provided a significant stimulus to developments in modern art.

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Amsterdam, Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis Meijer</span> Dutch painter

Johan Hendrik Louis Meijer was a Dutch painter, etcher, lithographer, and draftsman. He painted in the Romantic tradition and is best known for his seascapes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Willink van Collenprijs</span> Former Dutch art award

Willink van Collenprijs is a former Dutch art award, which was awarded for the first time in 1880 by the Sociëteit Arti et Amicitiae. It was intended as an encouragement award for young artists, and was considered as a national counterpart to the Paris Salon. Its existence of more than 71 years proves the success of Amsterdam's art policy. For many of its winners, it was a valuable boost to their careers in the Dutch art world. Some of the prize winners were also recognized abroad and remain well known today.

Pauline Suij was an artist who attended the Royal Academy of Art, The Hague. She belongs to the second generation of the Hague School and of Amsterdam Impressionism. She was a member of the second of these two Dutch movements of Impressionism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicolaas van der Waay</span> Dutch artist

Nicolaas van der Waay (1855–1936) was a Dutch decorative artist, watercolorist and lithographer. He worked in many genres, including stamp, coin and banknote designs. He is perhaps best known for the allegorical illustrations he created for the Golden Coach and a series of paintings depicting the lives of girls from the Amsterdam Orphanage. His work was also part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

Airco Caravan is a painter and conceptual artist based in Amsterdam and New York City.

Thomas Meyer zu Schlochtern is a Dutch art historian and curator, who came into prominence as director of the Arti et Amicitiae and as curator at Rotterdamse Kunststichting in the 1990s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johan Cohen Gosschalk</span> Dutch jurist, graphic artist, and painter

Johan Henri Gustaaf Cohen, known as Johan Cohen Gosschalk was a Dutch jurist, graphic artist and painter of Jewish ancestry. His sister, Meta Cohen Gosschalk, also became a well known painter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thérèse Ansingh</span> Dutch artist

Thérèse Ansingh who used the pseudonym Sorella (1883-1968) was a Dutch artist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henriëtte Johanna Reuchlin-Lucardie</span> Dutch artist

Henriëtte Johanna Reuchlin-Lucardie (1877-1970) was a Dutch painter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jan Derk Huibers</span>

Jan Derk Huibers was a Dutch painter, graphic artist, and art teacher. He painted a wide variety of subjects, but is best known for his genre scenes. Some sources incorrectly give his year of death as 1919.

References