အရှိုချင်း | |
---|---|
Total population | |
250,000 | |
Regions with significant populations | |
Rakhine State, Magway Region, Pegu, Irrawaddy, Burma | |
Languages | |
Asho language | |
Religion | |
Theravada Buddhism, Christianity, Animism | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Chin people |
Asho people (Burmese : အရှိုချင်း), one of the tribes of the Chin people, are native to Arakan, Magwe Special Division, Pegu Special Division, Irrawaddy Special Division and some in Yangon Special Division. They are much influenced by the Burmese in their daily life. They are well educated and having high profile jobs in the Myanmar government.[ citation needed ]
The Burmese language is the Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Myanmar where it is an official language and the language of the Bamar people, the country's principal ethnic group. Although the Constitution of Myanmar officially recognizes the English name of the language as the Myanmar language, most English speakers continue to refer to the language as Burmese, after Burma, the older name for Myanmar. In 2007, it was spoken as a first language by 33 million, primarily the Bamar (Burman) people and related ethnic groups, and as a second language by 10 million, particularly ethnic minorities in Myanmar and neighboring countries.
The Chin people are one of the major ethnic nationalities in Burma. The Chin are one of the founding groups of the Union of Burma. Chin is the primary ethnic group of the Chin State, who have many related languages, cultures and traditions. According to BBC News, "The Chin people... are one of the most persecuted minority groups in Burma." The largest ethnic group of the Chin people are the Zomi. These people predominantly live in the Chin State, Rakhine State and Sagaing Region of Myanmar, but are also spread throughout Burma, Bangladesh and India as refugee. In the 2014 Burmese ethnic census, the Chin ethnicity was again dismissed by the people of the Chin State.
Rakhine State is a state in Myanmar (Burma). Situated on the western coast, it is bordered by Chin State to the north, Magway Region, Bago Region and Ayeyarwady Region to the east, the Bay of Bengal to the west, and the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh to the northwest. It is located approximately between latitudes 17°30' north and 21°30' north and longitudes 92°10' east and 94°50' east. The Arakan Mountains, rising to 3,063 metres (10,049 ft) at Victoria Peak, separate Rakhine State from central Burma. Off the coast of Rakhine State there are some fairly large islands such as Cheduba and Myingun Island. Rakhine State has an area of 36,762 square kilometres (14,194 sq mi) and its capital is Sittwe.
The native speakers of Asho language are around 10,000. [1] The total population of the Asho people are around 400,000. [2] In ancient Burmese scriptures, they are called Khyeng. They are also known as Plain Chin, as they are living in the plains of Myanmar. Unlike other Chin clans, their main problem is communications among themselves due to distances between their villages, not the differences in their dialects.[ citation needed ]
Unlike other Chin clans, many of them are Buddhist. The Christian missionaries also used Burmese script for writing Asho language. [3] [ self-published source ] Mr. G. Witchead of Anglican Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, introduced the Latin script for writing and published Gospel of Mark in 1921. A Bible Society from Rangoon published New Testament in 1954 in Burmese script. [4]
The Burmese script is the basis of the alphabets used for modern Burmese, Mon, Shan and Karen.
Latin or Roman script is a set of graphic signs (script) based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet. This is derived from a form of the Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet used by the Etruscans.
The Gospel According to Mark is one of the four canonical gospels and one of the three synoptic gospels. It tells of the ministry of Jesus from his baptism by John the Baptist to his death and burial and the discovery of the empty tomb – there is no genealogy of Jesus or birth narrative, nor, in the original ending at chapter 16, any post-resurrection appearances of Jesus. It portrays Jesus as a heroic man of action, an exorcist, a healer, and a miracle worker. Jesus is also the Son of God, but he keeps his identity secret, concealing it in parables so that even most of the disciples fail to understand. All this is in keeping with prophecy, which foretold the fate of the messiah as suffering servant. The gospel ends, in its original version, with the discovery of the empty tomb, a promise to meet again in Galilee, and an unheeded instruction to spread the good news of the resurrection.
Chin State is a state in western Myanmar. The 36,019-square-kilometre (13,907 sq mi) Chin State is bordered by Sagaing Division and Magway Division to the east, Rakhine State to the south, Bangladesh to the south-west, and the Indian states of Mizoram to the west and Manipur to the north. The population of Chin state is about 478,801 in 2014 census. The capital of the state is Hakha. The state is a mountainous region with few transportation links. Chin State is sparsely populated and remains one of the least developed areas of the country. Chin State has the highest poverty rate of 73% as per the released figures from the first official survey.The official radio broadcasting dialect of Chin is Falam. There are 53 different subtribe and languages in Chin State. There are nine townships in Chin State. Hakha, Thantlang, Falam, Tedim, Tonzang, Matupi, Mindat, Kanpetlet and Paletwa townships. In 1926,it became a part of Pakokku Hill Tracts Districts of British Burma until 1948,January 4.
The Mizo people are an ethnic group native to north-eastern India, western Burma (Myanmar) and eastern Bangladesh; this term covers several ethnic peoples who speak various Kuki-Chin languages, but the languages are fairly relatable to one another. The Mizos are a tribal hill peoples in the Indian state of Mizoram. All Mizo tribes and clans, in their folk legends, claim that Chhinlung/Sinlung/Khul, which means 'covered rock'or cave in the Mizo languages, was the cradle of the Mizos. Thus, it's sometimes concluded that the Mizo people lived as cave dwellers at some point.
The Zou people or Zomi are an indigenous community living along the frontier of India and Burma, they are a sub-group of the Zo people (Mizo-Kuki-Chin). In India, they live with and are similar in language and habits to the Paite and the Simte peoples. In Burma, the Zou are counted among the Chin people. They are a hill people.
Zou or Zokam, or Zo, Zomi, Yo, Yaw, or Jo, is a Northern Kuki-Chin language originating in northwestern Burma and spoken also in Manipur in northeastern India, where the name is spelled Zo.
The Church of the Province of Myanmar in Asia is a member church of the Anglican Communion. The province comprises the entire country of Myanmar. The current Archbishop of Myanmar and Bishop of Yangon is Stephen Than Myint Oo.
Guite is the progenitor clan of Paite people. Mostly the Guite clan speak Paite language. Some known as Paite and also as Mizo in India and as Chins in Myanmar (Burma). Depending on local pronunciation, the clan was also called differently such as Nguite, Vuite, and was also recorded even as Gwete, Gwite, Nwite. In accord with the claim of their solar origin, the Guite clan has been called nampi, meaning noble or major or even dominant people, of the region in local dialect in the past.
Matupi is a town in Chin State in western Myanmar, in south-east Asia.
Hakha Chin, or Lai, is a Kuki-Chin language spoken by 446,264 people, mostly in Myanmar. The total figure includes 2,000 Zokhua and 60,100 Lai speakers. The speakers are largely concentrated in Chin State in western Burma and Mizoram in eastern India, with a small number of speakers in southeastern Bangladesh.
Zogam known as Zoland, Lushai Hills, Kuki Hills, lies in the northwest corner of the Mainland Southeast Asia landmass. This is the traditional homeland of the Zo people or Zomi who lived in this area before the colonial period under British rulership.
The Tiddim, or Tedim, are an ethnic group of Myanmar. They generally inhabited Northern Chin State and are one of the three major tribes of Chin State. They speak the Tiddim Chin language which had a total of about 345,000 speakers in 1990. Some 190,000 of these lived in Burma with about 155,000 of them residing in India. The Tiddim are numbered at about 230,000 people. About 70 percent of the Tiddim are Christians, with the remainder practicing indigenous religions.
The Kuki-Chin languages are a branch of 50 or so Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in northeastern India, western Burma and eastern Bangladesh. Most speakers of these languages are known as Kukī in Assamese and as Chin in Burmese; some also identify as Lushei. Mizo is the most widely spoken of the Kuki-Chin languages.
The Lai languages are various Central Kuki-Chin languages spoken by the Lai people. They include Laiholh (Hakha-Chin) spoken around the Haka (Hakha/Halkha) capital of Chin State in Burma (Myanmar) and in the Lawngtlai district of Mizoram, India. In Bangladesh, a related language is spoken by the Bawm people. Known locally as Hakha Holh, it is probably the most spoken language in Chin State. Another branch of Lai Kukish includes Falam Lai, better known as Laitong. Other Lai languages are Senthang, and the Zokhua dialect of Hakha spoken in Zokhua village.
The Zo people or Zomi, also known as the Mizo, the Kuki, the Chin and a number of other names, are a large group of related Tibeto-Burman peoples spread throughout the northeastern states of India, northwestern Myanmar (Burma) and the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. In northeastern India, they are present in: Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur and Assam. This dispersal across international borders resulted from a British colonial policy that drew borders on political grounds rather than ethnic ones.
The Mates are one of the Kuki tribes of Manipur, India. The Mates – a name, in its literal sense, connotes front beaters and consequently, in the broadest sense as a designation, implies a migratory people – are a little-known tribal community of Manipur, India, whose socio-cultural identity as a distinct tribe was only recently recognised by the Union Government of India and the State Government of Manipur. The Mates achieved recognition as a scheduled tribe in January 2012.
The Bible has been translated into many of the languages of China besides Chinese. These include major minority languages with their own literary history, including Korean, Mongolian, Tibetan, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Russian and Uyghur. The other languages of China are mainly tribal languages, mainly spoken in Yunnan in Southwest China.
The Zanniat tribe are people of western Myanmar (Burma) who are a sub-group of the Chin peoples. The Zanniat tribe has fifty-seven sub-groupings and clans. The group's existence was recorded in Burma's 1931 census after being absent in the Chin Hills gazette of 1896. In 1943, the Zanniat tribal groups of eastern Falam Township were recorded by Henry Stevenson. The Zanniat may also be known by similar sounding names such as Zahnyiet, Zanniet, Zanngiat and Zannaing.
Ciimnuai was the legendary city-state of Zomi, who are mostly referred to as Chins in Myanmar, Mizo, Kuki or even as Paite in India, and Bawmzo in Bangladesh. Being their birthplace, Ciimnuai bears many accounts of myths and legends of Zomi. Carey and Tuck even called the city "Eden of the Chins".