Asim Duttaroy

Last updated
Asim Kanti Duttaroy
Asim Dutta Roy.jpg
Born (1955-07-08) July 8, 1955 (age 69)
Gangnapur, West Bengal, India
Website www.asimduttaroy.com

Asim K. Duttaroy is an Indian-born American medical scientist who, since 2001, has worked as a Professor at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway. [1] He was born in Gopinagar (Gangnapur), Nadia district, West Bengal, India.[ citation needed ]

Contents

Duttaroy is the author of over 450 research papers and book chapters, has authored or edited several books, and holds several international patents. [2] His research contributions have led to several industrial developments worldwide, such as Provexis.[ citation needed ] [3] Duttaroy, while he worked as Professor (1990-2001) at the Rowett Research Institute at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom, discovered that an extract from tomato had a positive effect in the prevention of blood platelet aggregation. [4] [5] [6] Hyperactive platelets are important mediators of atherogenesis. In addition to their roles in thrombosis, antiplatelet drugs are not suitable for use where the risk of a cardiovascular event is relatively low. Therefore, it is essential to find alternative, safe antiplatelet inhibitors for the vulnerable population with hyperactive platelets in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Potent antiplatelet factors were identified in water-soluble tomato extract (Fruitflow®), significantly inhibiting platelet aggregation.

Another area of his research has been the investigation of the fatty acid transport system in human placenta and its roles in the placental preferential transfer of critically important nutrients such as docosahexaenoic acid,22:6n-3 (DHA) and arachidonic acid,20:4n-6 (ARA) from the mother to the fetus. [7] He demonstrated the presence of several plasma membrane-located transport/binding proteins, such as fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36), plasma membrane fatty acid binding protein (FABPpm), fatty acid transport protein (FATP), and intracellular FABPs, in the human placenta. He identified the placental-specific FABPpm is mainly responsible for the preferential placental transport of DHA and ARA from the mother to support fetal brain growth during the third trimester.

Schematic diagram of the putative roles of the placental plasma-membrane-associated and cytoplasmic FABPs in fatty acid uptake and metabolism in the placenta. Fatty Acid Transport Mechanism.png
Schematic diagram of the putative roles of the placental plasma-membrane-associated and cytoplasmic FABPs in fatty acid uptake and metabolism in the placenta.

Duttaroy serves as Editor-In-Chief of the peer-reviewed journal Food & Nutrition Research , [8] which has an Impact factor of 3.89 (2020).[ citation needed ] Duttaroy serves on the editorial boards of several other journals, including Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, [9] Nutrients, [10] and European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology. [11]

Legacy

Duttaroy’s research focuses on how the placenta transports maternal plasma DHA and ARA to the fetus. [12] [13] [14] The fetal brain development in utero is critically dependent on the maternal supply of these fatty acids in the utero. [15] [16] [17] [18] His studies have been documented through several articles. [19] [20] Besides, his articles have drawn many citations (Google Scholar PubMed). His other research area is cardioprotective factors in fruits and vegetables. He has discovered the anti-platelet factors from tomatoes. [21] This discovery made by him is now widely known as Fruitflow. [22] [23] In 2009, Fruitflow® became the first product in Europe to obtain an approved, proprietary health claim under Article 13(5) of the European Health Claims Regulation 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods. [24] The EU Commission authorized the health claim “water-soluble tomato concentrate (WSTC) I and II help maintain normal platelet aggregation, which contributes to healthy blood flow.”. [25] [26] Fruitflow® is now widely available in different countries worldwide. [27]

Books

Related Research Articles

Omega−3 fatty acids, also called omega−3 oils, ω−3 fatty acids or n−3 fatty acids, are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) characterized by the presence of a double bond three atoms away from the terminal methyl group in their chemical structure. They are widely distributed in nature, being important constituents of animal lipid metabolism, and they play an important role in the human diet and in human physiology. The three types of omega−3 fatty acids involved in human physiology are α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). ALA can be found in plants, while DHA and EPA are found in algae and fish. Marine algae and phytoplankton are primary sources of omega−3 fatty acids. DHA and EPA accumulate in fish that eat these algae. Common sources of plant oils containing ALA include walnuts, edible seeds, and flaxseeds as well as hempseed oil, while sources of EPA and DHA include fish and fish oils, and algae oil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dietary fiber</span> Portion of plant-derived food that cannot be completely digested

Dietary fiber or roughage is the portion of plant-derived food that cannot be completely broken down by human digestive enzymes. Dietary fibers are diverse in chemical composition and can be grouped generally by their solubility, viscosity and fermentability which affect how fibers are processed in the body. Dietary fiber has two main subtypes: soluble fiber and insoluble fiber which are components of plant-based foods such as legumes, whole grains, cereals, vegetables, fruits, and nuts or seeds. A diet high in regular fiber consumption is generally associated with supporting health and lowering the risk of several diseases. Dietary fiber consists of non-starch polysaccharides and other plant components such as cellulose, resistant starch, resistant dextrins, inulin, lignins, chitins, pectins, beta-glucans, and oligosaccharides.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Placenta</span> Organ that connects the fetus to the uterine wall

The placenta is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation. It plays critical roles in facilitating nutrient, gas and waste exchange between the physically separate maternal and fetal circulations, and is an important endocrine organ, producing hormones that regulate both maternal and fetal physiology during pregnancy. The placenta connects to the fetus via the umbilical cord, and on the opposite aspect to the maternal uterus in a species-dependent manner. In humans, a thin layer of maternal decidual (endometrial) tissue comes away with the placenta when it is expelled from the uterus following birth. Placentas are a defining characteristic of placental mammals, but are also found in marsupials and some non-mammals with varying levels of development.

Essential fatty acids, or EFAs, are fatty acids that are required by humans and other animals for normal physiological function that cannot be synthesized in the body.⁠ As they are not synthesized in the body, the essential fatty acids – alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid – must be obtained from food or from a dietary supplement. Essential fatty acids are needed for various cellular metabolic processes and for the maintenance and function of tissues and organs. These fatty acids also are precursors to vitamins, cofactors, and derivatives, including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, lipoxins, and others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Choline</span> Chemical compound and essential nutrient

Choline ( KOH-leen) is an essential nutrient for humans and many other animals, which was formerly classified as a B vitamin (vitamin B4). It is a structural part of phospholipids and a methyl donor in metabolic one-carbon chemistry. The compound is related to trimethylglycine in the latter respect. It is a cation with the chemical formula [(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+. Choline forms various salts, for example choline chloride and choline bitartrate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arachidonic acid</span> Fatty acid used metabolically in many organisms

Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega−6 fatty acid 20:4(ω−6), or 20:4(5,8,11,14). If its precursors or diet contains linoleic acid it is formed by biosynthesis and can be deposited in animal fats. It is a precursor in the formation of leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.

Fish oil is oil derived from the tissues of oily fish. Fish oils contain the omega−3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), precursors of certain eicosanoids that are known to reduce inflammation in the body and improve hypertriglyceridemia. There has been a great deal of controversy in the 21st century about the role of fish oil in cardiovascular disease, with recent meta-analyses reaching different conclusions about its potential impact.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zellweger syndrome</span> Congenital disorder of nervous system

Zellweger syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the reduction or absence of functional peroxisomes in the cells of an individual. It is one of a family of disorders called Zellweger spectrum disorders which are leukodystrophies. Zellweger syndrome is named after Hans Zellweger (1909–1990), a Swiss-American pediatrician, a professor of pediatrics and genetics at the University of Iowa who researched this disorder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eicosapentaenoic acid</span> Chemical compound

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; also icosapentaenoic acid) is an omega−3 fatty acid. In physiological literature, it is given the name 20:5(n−3). It also has the trivial name timnodonic acid. In chemical structure, EPA is a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and five cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Docosahexaenoic acid</span> Chemical compound

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega−3 fatty acid that is an important component of the human brain, cerebral cortex, skin, and retina. It is given the fatty acid notation 22:6(n−3). It can be synthesized from alpha-linolenic acid or obtained directly from maternal milk (breast milk), fatty fish, fish oil, or algae oil. The consumption of DHA (e.g., from fatty fish such as salmon, herring, mackerel and sardines) contributes to numerous physiological benefits, including cognition. As a component of neuronal membranes, the function of DHA is to support neuronal conduction and to allow the optimal functioning of neuronal membrane proteins (such as receptors and enzymes).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nutrition and pregnancy</span> Nutrient intake and dietary planning undertaken before, during and after pregnancy

Nutrition and pregnancy refers to the nutrient intake, and dietary planning that is undertaken before, during and after pregnancy. Nutrition of the fetus begins at conception. For this reason, the nutrition of the mother is important from before conception as well as throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding. An ever-increasing number of studies have shown that the nutrition of the mother will have an effect on the child, up to and including the risk for cancer, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and diabetes throughout life.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human placental lactogen</span> Polypeptide placental hormone in humans

Human placental lactogen (hPL), also called human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS) or human chorionic somatotropin, is a polypeptide placental hormone, the human form of placental lactogen. Its structure and function are similar to those of human growth hormone. It modifies the metabolic state of the mother during pregnancy to facilitate energy supply to the fetus. hPL has anti-insulin properties. hPL is a hormone secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast during pregnancy. Like human growth hormone, hPL is encoded by genes on chromosome 17q22-24. It was identified in 1963.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linoleoyl-CoA desaturase</span> Class of enzymes

Linoleoyl-CoA desaturase (also Delta 6 desaturase, EC 1.14.19.3) is an enzyme that converts between types of fatty acids, which are essential nutrients in the human body. The enzyme mainly catalyzes the chemical reaction

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ALOX12</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ALOX12, also known as arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12-lipoxygenase, 12S-Lipoxygenase, 12-LOX, and 12S-LOX is a lipoxygenase-type enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALOX12 gene which is located along with other lipoyxgenases on chromosome 17p13.3. ALOX12 is 75 kilodalton protein composed of 663 amino acids.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CYP2U1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

CYP2U1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP2U1 gene

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oxylipin</span> Class of lipids

Oxylipins constitute a family of oxygenated natural products which are formed from fatty acids by pathways involving at least one step of dioxygen-dependent oxidation. These small polar lipid compounds are metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids. Oxylipins are formed by enyzmatic or non-enzymatic oxidation of PUFAs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maresin</span> Chemical compound

Maresin 1 (MaR1 or 7R,14S-dihydroxy-4Z,8E,10E,12Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) is a macrophage-derived mediator of inflammation resolution coined from macrophage mediator in resolving inflammation. Maresin 1, and more recently defined maresins, are 12-lipoxygenase-derived metabolites of the omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), that possess potent anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving, protective, and pro-healing properties similar to a variety of other members of the specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) class of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites. SPM are dihydroxy, trihydroxy, and epoxy-hydroxy metabolites of long chain PUFA made by certain dioxygenase enzymes viz., cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases. In addition to the maresins, this class of mediators includes: the 15-lipoxygenase (i.e. ALOX15 and/or possibly ALOX15B)-derived lipoxin A4 and B4 metabolites of the omega 6 fatty acid, arachidonic acid; the cyclooxygenase 2-derived resolvin E series metabolites of the omega 3 fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid; certain 15-lipoxygenase-derived resolvin D series metabolites of DHA; certain other 15-lipoxygenase-derived protectin D1 and related metabolites of DHA; and the more recently defined and therefore less fully studied 15-lipoxygenase-derived resolvin Dn-3DPA metabolites of the omega-3 fatty acid n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA or clupanodonic acid), the cyclooxygenase 2-derived resolvin T metabolites of this clupanodonic acid, and the 15-lipoxygenase-derived products of the N-acetylated fatty acid amide of the DHA metabolite, docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide.

Poxytrins or dihydroxy-E,Z,E-polyunsaturated fatty acids (dihydroxy-E,Z,E-PUFAs) are PUFA metabolites that possess two hydroxyl residues and three in-series conjugated double bonds in an E,Z,E cis–trans configuration. Poxytrins, unlike isomers with three conjugated double bonds in a different geometry, have unique platelet-inhibiting properties. The critical E,Z,E configuration may be involved in controlling platelets, and could prove useful in treating human conditions and diseases that involve pathological platelet activation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Acetyleugenol</span> Chemical compound

Acetyleugenol is a phenylpropanoid compound found in cloves. It is the second in abundance to the related compound eugenol in certain extract preparations. Like eugenol, its found in several plants such as Acacia nilotica and Piper betle and has similar antibacterial and antifungal properties on C. albicans and S. mutans. It inhibits aggregation of platelets and has partial agonistic activity on AhR.

References

  1. ↑ "Asim K. Duttaroy- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences". uio.no. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
  2. ↑ "Research Gate: Asim K. Duttaroy". uio.no. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
  3. ↑ "Provexis- Home Page".
  4. ↑ "Recent Achievements, Rowett Institute" . Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  5. ↑ O'Kennedy, N; Crosbie, L; Van Lieshout, M; Broom, J. I.; Webb, D. J.; Duttaroy, A. K. (2006). "Effects of antiplatelet components of tomato extract on platelet function in vitro and ex vivo: A time-course cannulation study in healthy humans". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 84 (3): 570–9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/84.3.570 . PMID   16960171.
  6. ↑ Duttaroy, Asim K. "Fruitflow". Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health - University of Aberdeen. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  7. ↑ Duttaroy, A (2009). "Transport of fatty acids across the human placenta: A review". Progress in Lipid Research. 48 (1): 52–61. doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2008.11.001. PMID   19041341.
  8. ↑ "Editorial Team". foodandnutritionresearch.net. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
  9. ↑ "Editorial Team". Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  10. ↑ "Editorial Team". Nutrients. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  11. ↑ "Editorial Team". European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1438-9312. hdl:2158/1155277 . Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  12. ↑ Dutta-Roy, Asim K (2000-01-01). "Transport mechanisms for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the human placenta". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 71 (1): 315s–322s. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/71.1.315s . ISSN   0002-9165. PMID   10617989.
  13. ↑ Basak, Sanjay; Mallick, Rahul; Banerjee, Antara; Pathak, Surajit; Duttaroy, Asim K. (2021-06-16). "Maternal Supply of Both Arachidonic and Docosahexaenoic Acids Is Required for Optimal Neurodevelopment". Nutrients. 13 (6): 2061. doi: 10.3390/nu13062061 . ISSN   2072-6643. PMC   8234848 . PMID   34208549.
  14. ↑ Duttaroy, Asim K.; Basak, Sanjay (2020-04-01). "Maternal dietary fatty acids and their roles in human placental development". Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. 155: 102080. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102080 . hdl: 10852/83730 . PMID   32120190. S2CID   211833726.
  15. ↑ Duttaroy, Asim (2021-06-27). "Special Issue "Maternal DHA Impact on Child Neurodevelopment"". Nutrients. 13 (7): 2209. doi: 10.3390/nu13072209 . ISSN   2072-6643. PMC   8308222 . PMID   34199063.
  16. ↑ Ogundipe, E.; Tusor, N.; Wang, Y.; Johnson, M.R.; Edwards, A.D.; Crawford, M.A. (2018-11-01). "Randomized controlled trial of brain specific fatty acid supplementation in pregnant women increases brain volumes on MRI scans of their newborn infants". Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids. 138: 6–13. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2018.09.001. PMID   30392581. S2CID   53215840.
  17. ↑ Basak, Sanjay; Mallick, Rahul; Duttaroy, Asim K. (2020-11-25). "Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Status during Pregnancy and Its Impact on Infant Neurodevelopment". Nutrients. 12 (12): 3615. doi: 10.3390/nu12123615 . ISSN   2072-6643. PMC   7759779 . PMID   33255561.
  18. ↑ Mallick, Rahul; Basak, Sanjay; Duttaroy, Asim K. (2019-12-01). "Docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3: Its roles in the structure and function of the brain". International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience. 79 (1): 21–31. doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.10.004. ISSN   0736-5748. PMID   31629800. S2CID   204761373.
  19. ↑ "Professor Asim K. Duttaroy". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
  20. ↑ MedicineProfessor, Asim K. DuttaroyUniversity of Oslo · Faculty of. "Asim DUTTAROY | Professor | Professor | University of Oslo, Oslo | Faculty of Medicine". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
  21. ↑ Dutta-Roy, Asim K.; Crosbie, Lynn; Gordon, Margaret J. (2001-01-01). "Effects of tomato extract on human platelet aggregation in vitro". Platelets. 12 (4): 218–227. doi:10.1080/09537100120058757. ISSN   0953-7104. PMID   11454256. S2CID   218867515.
  22. ↑ O’Kennedy, Niamh; Raederstorff, Daniel; Duttaroy, Asim K. (2017-03-01). "Fruitflow®: the first European Food Safety Authority-approved natural cardio-protective functional ingredient". European Journal of Nutrition. 56 (2): 461–482. doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1265-2. ISSN   1436-6207. PMC   5334395 . PMID   27388464.
  23. ↑ "Water-soluble tomato concentrate (WSTC I and II) and platelet aggregation [1] | EFSA". www.efsa.europa.eu. 28 May 2009. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1101 . Retrieved 2021-11-15.
  24. ↑ "Water-soluble tomato concentrate (WSTC I and II) and platelet aggregation [1] | EFSA". www.efsa.europa.eu. 28 May 2009. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1101 . Retrieved 2021-11-15.
  25. ↑ O’Kennedy, Niamh; Raederstorff, Daniel; Duttaroy, Asim K. (2017-03-01). "Fruitflow®: the first European Food Safety Authority-approved natural cardio-protective functional ingredient". European Journal of Nutrition. 56 (2): 461–482. doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1265-2. ISSN   1436-6207. PMC   5334395 . PMID   27388464.
  26. ↑ "Water-soluble tomato concentrate (WSTC I and II) and platelet aggregation [1] | EFSA". www.efsa.europa.eu. 28 May 2009. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1101 . Retrieved 2021-11-15.
  27. ↑ "Water-soluble tomato concentrate (WSTC I and II) and platelet aggregation [1] | EFSA". www.efsa.europa.eu. 28 May 2009. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1101 . Retrieved 2021-11-15.
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