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Thermus is a genus of thermophilic bacteria. It is one of several bacteria belonging to the Deinococcota phylum. Thermus species can be distinguished from other genera in the family Thermaceae as well as all other bacteria by the presence of eight conserved signature indels (CSIs) found in proteins such as adenylate kinase and replicative DNA helicase as well as 14 conserved signature proteins (CSPs) that are exclusively shared by members of this genus.
Sulfur-reducing bacteria are microorganisms able to reduce elemental sulfur (S0) to hydrogen sulfide (H2S). These microbes use inorganic sulfur compounds as electron acceptors to sustain several activities such as respiration, conserving energy and growth, in absence of oxygen. The final product of these processes, sulfide, has a considerable influence on the chemistry of the environment and, in addition, is used as electron donor for a large variety of microbial metabolisms. Several types of bacteria and many non-methanogenic archaea can reduce sulfur. Microbial sulfur reduction was already shown in early studies, which highlighted the first proof of S0 reduction in a vibrioid bacterium from mud, with sulfur as electron acceptor and H
2 as electron donor. The first pure cultured species of sulfur-reducing bacteria, Desulfuromonas acetoxidans, was discovered in 1976 and described by Pfennig Norbert and Biebel Hanno as an anaerobic sulfur-reducing and acetate-oxidizing bacterium, not able to reduce sulfate. Only few taxa are true sulfur-reducing bacteria, using sulfur reduction as the only or main catabolic reaction. Normally, they couple this reaction with the oxidation of acetate, succinate or other organic compounds. In general, sulfate-reducing bacteria are able to use both sulfate and elemental sulfur as electron acceptors. Thanks to its abundancy and thermodynamic stability, sulfate is the most studied electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration that involves sulfur compounds. Elemental sulfur, however, is very abundant and important, especially in deep-sea hydrothermal vents, hot springs and other extreme environments, making its isolation more difficult. Some bacteria – such as Proteus, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas and Salmonella – have the ability to reduce sulfur, but can also use oxygen and other terminal electron acceptors.
Ferroplasma is a genus of Archaea that belong to the family Ferroplasmaceae. Members of the Ferroplasma are typically acidophillic, pleomorphic, irregularly shaped cocci.
The Chloroflexota are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photosynthesis ; and anaerobic halorespirers, which uses halogenated organics as electron acceptors.
Deinococcus is in the monotypic family Deinococcaceae, and one genus of three in the order Deinococcales of the bacterial phylum Deinococcota highly resistant to environmental hazards. These bacteria have thick cell walls that give them Gram-positive stains, but they include a second membrane and so are closer in structure to Gram-negative bacteria. Deinococcus survive when their DNA is exposed to high doses of gamma and UV radiation. Whereas other bacteria change their structure in the presence of radiation, such as by forming endospores, Deinococcus tolerate it without changing their cellular form and do not retreat into a hardened structure. They are also characterized by the presence of the carotenoid pigment deinoxanthin that give them their pink color. They are usually isolated according to these two criteria. In August 2020, scientists reported that bacteria from Earth, particularly Deinococcus bacteria, were found to survive for three years in outer space, based on studies conducted on the International Space Station. These findings support the notion of panspermia, the hypothesis that life exists throughout the Universe, distributed in various ways, including space dust, meteoroids, asteroids, comets, planetoids or contaminated spacecraft.
Agromyces is a genus in the phylum Actinomycetota (Bacteria).
Algoriphagus is a genus in the phylum Bacteroidota (Bacteria).
Virgibacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria and a member of the phylum Bacillota. Virgibacillus species can be obligate aerobes, or facultative anaerobes and catalase enzyme positive. Under stressful environmental conditions, the bacteria can produce oval or ellipsoidal endospores in terminal, or sometimes subterminal, swollen sporangia. The genus was recently reclassified from the genus Bacillus in 1998 following an analysis of the species V. pantothenticus. Subsequently, a number of new species have been discovered or reclassified as Virgibacillus species.
Aureimonas altamirensis is a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, non-motile bacteria from the genus Aurantimonas which was isolated from Altamira Cave in Cantabria in Spain. Aurantimonas altamirensis was reclassified to Aureimonas altamirensis.
Aureimonas jatrophae is a bacterium from the genus of Aurantimonas which was isolated from the plant Jatropha curcas Linnaeus in the Agrotechnology Experimental Station of Lim Chu Kang in Singapore.
Aureimonas rubiginis is a bacterium from the genus of Aurantimonas which was isolated from a rusty iron plate.
Azospirillum is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic, non-fermentative and nitrogen-fixing bacterial genus from the family of Rhodospirillaceae. Azospirillum bacteria can promote plant growth.
Anaerococcus is a genus of bacteria. Its type species is Anaerococcus prevotii. These bacteria are Gram-positive and strictly anaerobic. The genus Anaerococcus was proposed in 2001. Its genome was sequenced in August 2009. The genus Anaerococcus is one of six genera classified within the group GPAC. These six genera are found in the human body as part of the commensal human microbiota.
Aureimonas galii is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacteria from the genus of Aurantimonas which has been isolated from the phyllosphere of the plant Galium album.
Aureimonas glaciistagni is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic and motile bacteria from the genus of Aurantimonas which has been isolated from a melt pond from Arctic sea ice.
Aureimonas pseudogalii is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacteria from the genus of Aurantimonas which has been isolated from the phyllosphere of the plant Galium album.
Roseomonas is a genus of Gram negative bacteria. The cells are coccoid rods when viewed microscopically. Certain species are known to be opportunistic infections for humans.
Alicyclobacillus fastidiosus is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The bacteria are acidophilic and produce endospores. It was first isolated from apple juice. The species was first described in 2007, and the name refers to the fastidious nature of the organism; the bacteria would start to die off after 7 days when plated on typical agar for isolating Alicyclobacillus. Additionally, the species produced fewer spores than other members of its genus, and took much longer to produce the spores.
Aureimonas endophytica is a Gram-negative, aerobic, coccoid rod-shaped and motile bacteria from the genus of Aurantimonas which has been isolated from the plant Aegiceras corniculatum from the Cotai Ecological Zones in China.
Aureimonas glaciei is a Gram-negative, aerobic, short rod-shaped and motile bacteria from the genus of Aurantimonas which has been isolated from the Muztagh Glacier in China.
References
- ↑ LSPN lpsn.dsmz.de
- ↑ "Straininfo of Aureimonas ferruginea". Archived from the original on 2014-05-06. Retrieved 2014-04-24.
- ↑ Lin, S. -Y.; Hameed, A.; Liu, Y. -C.; Hsu, Y. -H.; Lai, W. -A.; Shen, F. -T.; Young, L. -S.; Tsai, C. -F.; Young, C. -C. (2012). "Aureimonas ferruginea sp. nov. And Aureimonas rubiginis sp. nov., two siderophore-producing bacteria isolated from rusty iron plates". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 63 (Pt 7): 2430–5. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.047431-0. PMID 23203620.
- ↑ UniProt