BASHLITE

Last updated
BASHLITE
Technical nameAs BashLite

As Gafgyt

  • ELF/Gafgyt.[letter]!tr (Fortinet)
  • HEUR:Backdoor.Linux.Gafgyt.[letter] (Kaspersky)
  • DDoS:Linux/Gafgyt.YA!MTB (Microsoft)
  • ELF_GAFGYT.[letter] (Trend Micro)

As QBot

  • Trojan-PSW.Win32.Qbot (Kaspersky)
  • Backdoor.Qbot (Malwarebytes)
  • Win32/Qakbot (Microsoft)
  • Bck/QBot (Panda)
  • Mal/Qbot-[letter] (Sophos)
  • W32.Qakbot (Symantec)
  • BKDR_QAKBOT (Trend Micro)
  • TROJ_QAKBOT (Trend Micro)
  • TSPY_QAKBOT (Trend Micro)
  • WORM_QAKBOT (Trend Micro)
  • Backdoor.Qakbot (VirusBuster)

As PinkSlip

  • W32/Pinkslipbot (McAfee)
As Torlus
AliasesGafgyt, Lizkebab, PinkSlip, Qbot, Torlus, LizardStresser
Type Botnet
Author(s) Lizard Squad
Operating system(s) affected Linux
Written in C

BASHLITE (also known as Gafgyt, Lizkebab, PinkSlip, Qbot, Torlus and LizardStresser) is malware which infects Linux systems in order to launch distributed denial-of-service attacks (DDoS). [1] Originally it was also known under the name Bashdoor , [2] but this term now refers to the exploit method used by the malware. It has been used to launch attacks of up to 400  Gbps. [3]

Contents

The original version in 2014 exploited a flaw in the bash shell - the Shellshock software bug - to exploit devices running BusyBox. [4] [5] [6] [7] A few months later a variant was detected that could also infect other vulnerable devices in the local network. [8] In 2015 its source code was leaked, causing a proliferation of different variants, [9] and by 2016 it was reported that one million devices have been infected. [10] [11] [12] [13]

Of the identifiable devices participating in these botnets in August 2016 almost 96 percent were IoT devices (of which 95 percent were cameras and DVRs), roughly 4 percent were home routers - and less than 1 percent were compromised Linux servers. [9]

Design

BASHLITE is written in C, and designed to easily cross-compile to various computer architectures. [9]

Exact capabilities differ between variants, but the most common features [9] generate several different types of DDoS attacks: it can hold open TCP connections, send a random string of junk characters to a TCP or a UDP port, or repeatedly send TCP packets with specified flags. They may also have a mechanism to run arbitrary shell commands on the infected machine. There are no facilities for reflected or amplification attacks.

BASHLITE uses a client–server model for command and control. The protocol used for communication is essentially a lightweight version of Internet Relay Chat (IRC). [14] Even though it supports multiple command and control servers, most variants only have a single command and control IP-address hardcoded.

It propagates via brute forcing, using a built-in dictionary of common usernames and passwords. The malware connects to random IP addresses and attempts to login, with successful logins reported back to the command and control server.

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Cimpanu, Catalin (30 August 2016). "There's a 120,000-Strong IoT DDoS Botnet Lurking Around". Softpedia . Retrieved 19 October 2016.
  2. ↑ Tung, Liam (25 September 2014). "First attacks using shellshock Bash bug discovered". ZDNet . Retrieved 25 September 2014.
  3. ↑ Ashford, Warwick (30 June 2016). "LizardStresser IoT botnet launches 400Gbps DDoS attack". Computer Weekly . Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  4. ↑ Kovacs, Eduard (14 November 2014). "BASHLITE Malware Uses ShellShock to Hijack Devices Running BusyBox". SecurityWeek.com. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  5. ↑ Khandelwal, Swati (November 17, 2014). "BASHLITE Malware leverages ShellShock Bug to Hijack Devices Running BusyBox". The Hacker News. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  6. ↑ Paganini, Pierluigi (16 November 2014). "A new BASHLITE variant infects devices running BusyBox". Security Affairs. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  7. ↑ "Bash Vulnerability (Shellshock) Exploit Emerges in the Wild, Leads to BASHLITE Malware". Trend Micro . 25 September 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
  8. ↑ Inocencio, Rhena (13 November 2014). "BASHLITE Affects Devices Running on BusyBox". Trend Micro . Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Attack of Things!". Level 3 Threat Research Labs. 25 August 2016. Archived from the original on 3 October 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  10. ↑ "BASHLITE malware turning millions of Linux Based IoT Devices into DDoS botnet". Full Circle . 4 September 2016. Archived from the original on 22 October 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  11. ↑ Masters, Greg (31 August 2016). "Millions of IoT devices enlisted into DDoS bots with Bashlite malware". SC Magazine. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  12. ↑ Spring, Tom (30 August 2016). "BASHLITE Family of Malware Infects 1 Million IoT Devices". Threatpost.com. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  13. ↑ Kovacs, Eduard (31 August 2016). "BASHLITE Botnets Ensnare 1 Million IoT Devices". Security Week. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
  14. ↑ Bing, Matthew (29 June 2016). "The Lizard Brain of LizardStresser". Arbor Networks . Retrieved 6 November 2016.
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