The Cal Poly Pomona University Library is an on-campus University Library serving students at Cal Poly Pomona. The University Library combines digital resources and state-of-the-art technology with traditional holdings. The library offers shared and private spaces for more than 10,000 students.
Theresa Tam is a Canadian physician and public servant who currently serves as the chief public health officer of Canada,who is the second-in-command of the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). Tam initially took the role as acting CPHO following the retirement of her predecessor,Gregory Taylor,on 16 December 2016. She was formally appointed on 26 June 2017.
On December 31,2019,China announced the discovery of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan. The first American case was reported on January 20,and Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar declared a public health emergency on January 31. Restrictions were placed on flights arriving from China,but the initial U.S. response to the pandemic was otherwise slow in terms of preparing the healthcare system,stopping other travel,and testing. The first known American deaths occurred in February and in late February President Donald Trump proposed allocating $2.5 billion to fight the outbreak. Instead,Congress approved $8.3 billion with only Senator Rand Paul and two House representatives voting against,and Trump signed the bill,the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act,2020,on March 6. Trump declared a national emergency on March 13. The government also purchased large quantities of medical equipment,invoking the Defense Production Act of 1950 to assist. By mid-April,disaster declarations were made by all states and territories as they all had increasing cases. A second wave of infections began in June,following relaxed restrictions in several states,leading to daily cases surpassing 60,000. By mid-October,a third surge of cases began;there were over 200,000 new daily cases during parts of December 2020 and January 2021.
The COVID-19 pandemic in California began earlier than in some other parts of the United States. Ten of the first 20 confirmed COVID-19 infections in the United States were detected in California,and the first infection was confirmed on January 26,2020. All of the early confirmed cases were persons who had recently travelled to China,as testing was restricted to this group,but there were some other people infected by that point. A state of emergency was declared in the state on March 4,2020. A mandatory statewide stay-at-home order was issued on March 19,2020;it was ended on January 25,2021. On April 6,2021,the state announced plans to fully reopen the economy by June 15,2021.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts was part of a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The first confirmed case was reported on February 1,2020,and the number of cases began increasing rapidly on March 5. Governor Charlie Baker declared a state of emergency on March 10. By March 12,more than a hundred people had tested positive for the virus. Massachusetts experienced a first wave of COVID-19 that peaked in late April 2020,with almost 4,000 people hospitalized with the disease,and a rolling seven-day average of 2,300 new confirmed cases and 175 confirmed deaths a day. A second wave began in the autumn of the same year and peaked in January 2021,seeing higher daily case numbers but fewer deaths and hospitalizations than the first wave. There was a smaller third spike of increased cases and hospitalizations in March and April 2021,which resulted in significantly fewer deaths than the first two waves. A fourth wave began in July and August 2021. Another wave occurred in the winter of 2021 to 2022,coinciding with the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the state,and exceeding the peak number of cases in any previous wave. As of January 13,2022,Massachusetts was experiencing a rolling average of 13,314 new confirmed cases and 43 confirmed deaths per day.
On March 1,2020,the U.S. state of Florida officially reported its first two COVID-19 cases in Manatee and Hillsborough counties. There is evidence,however,that community spread of COVID-19 first began in Florida much earlier,perhaps as early as the first week of January,with as many as 171 people in Florida who had shown symptoms now identified with COVID-19,prior to receiving confirmation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. By March 11,the CDC saw evidence to conclude that community spread of the virus had occurred within the state.
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached the U.S. state of Iowa in March 2020. The first known cases were three individuals who had traveled on a cruise in Egypt before returning home to Johnson County on March 3. Initially,case clusters were focused at meatpacking plants and congregate care facilities. By late October,community spread had become a concern,and some areas of the state had reported over 20% test positivity. A headline stated that "Iowa hospitals fear overwhelming patient surge if coronavirus cases continue to climb."
The COVID-19 pandemic in New Hampshire is part of an ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. The first confirmed case was reported on March 2,2020. A state of emergency was declared March 13,which included a ban on gatherings of 50 or more people. A small group filed a lawsuit claiming the order infringed on their right to assemble and worship;a judge dismissed the suit. On March 26,all nonessential businesses were closed and Governor Chris Sununu advised people to only leave home for essential necessities. That stay-at-home order was extended several times before being allowed to expire on June 15. Through November 22,a total of 74 emergency orders had been issued by Sununu. Sununu lifted the mask mandate as of April 16,2021.
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached the U.S. state of Tennessee on March 5,2020. As of June 5,2022,there are 2,023,815 confirmed cases,26,103 deaths,and 12,825,885 reported tests.
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached the U.S. state of Alabama in March 2020. As of January 10,2022,the Alabama Department of Public Health (ADHP) reported nearly a million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 16,630 confirmed deaths. At 330 deaths per 100,000 Alabama has the highest death rate in the US along with Mississippi.
The first case relating to the COVID-19 pandemic in Idaho was confirmed on March 13,2020,when a Boise woman tested positive. As of February 15,2023,there have been 517,540 confirmed cases and 5,389 deaths within Idaho,while 975,583 people have been fully vaccinated.
Bonnie J. Fraser Henry is a Canadian epidemiologist,physician,and public servant who has been the provincial health officer at the British Columbia Ministry of Health since 2014. Henry is also a clinical associate professor at the University of British Columbia. She is a specialist in public health and preventive medicine,and is a family doctor. In her role as provincial health officer,Henry notably led the response to COVID-19 in British Columbia (BC).
The first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,on March 10,2020. According to the Philadelphia Department of Public Health,there have been 189,971 confirmed infections and 4,103 confirmed deaths from COVID-19 in the city.
Sara H. Cody is an American physician,epidemiologist and public health official who serves as the health officer and also as the public health director of Santa Clara County,California. At the time of the 2020 COVID-19 outbreak,she became a regular presence in the media to communicate COVID-19 news and policy.
The San Francisco Bay Area,which includes the major cities of San Jose,San Francisco,and Oakland,was an early center of the COVID-19 pandemic in California. The first case of COVID-19 in the area was confirmed in Santa Clara County on January 31,2020. A Santa Clara County resident was the earliest known death caused by COVID-19 in the United States,on February 6,suggesting that community spread of COVID-19 had been occurring long before any actual documented case. This article covers the 13 members of ABAHO,which includes the nine-county Bay Area plus the counties of Monterey,San Benito,and Santa Cruz.
The wearing of non-medical face masks in public to lessen the transmission of COVID-19 in the United States was first recommended by the CDC on April 3,2020,as supplemental to hygiene and appropriate social distancing. Throughout the pandemic,various states,counties,and municipalities have issued health orders requiring the wearing of non-medical face coverings —such as cloth masks —in spaces and businesses accessible to the public,especially when physical distancing is not possible.
Rochelle Paula Walensky is an American physician-scientist who served as the director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2021 to 2023 and served as the administrator of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry in her capacity as the director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2021 to 2023. On May 5,2023,she announced her resignation,effective June 30,2023. Prior to her appointment at the CDC,she had served as the chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Massachusetts General Hospital and a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. Walensky is an expert on HIV/AIDS.
The government of California initially responded to the COVID-19 pandemic in the state with a statewide lockdown,the first of its kind during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. As the pandemic progressed in California and throughout the rest of the country,the California government,following recommendations issued by the U.S. government regarding state and local government responses,began imposing social distancing measures and workplace hazard controls.
Charity Dean is an American public health physician who is known for her work as the assistant director of the California Department of Public Health in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. She is the co-founder and CEO of The Public Health Company.
Over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic,COVID-19 vaccine mandates have been enacted by numerous states and municipalities in the United States,and also by private entities. In September 2021,President Joe Biden announced that the federal government would take steps to mandate COVID-19 vaccination for certain entities under the authority of the federal government or federal agencies. Most federal mandates thus imposed were either overturned through litigation,or withdrawn by the administration,although a mandate on health care workers in institutions receiving Medicare and Medicaid funds was upheld. All federal mandates were lifted when the national emergency was declared to have ended in May 2023. A small number of states have gone in the opposite direction,through executive orders or legislation designed to limit vaccination mandates.
