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The International Criminal Court is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague,Netherlands. It is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide,crimes against humanity,war crimes and the crime of aggression. The ICC is distinct from the International Court of Justice,an organ of the United Nations that hears disputes between states.
The Movement for the Liberation of the Congo is a political party in Democratic Republic of the Congo. Formerly a rebel group operating in the Democratic Republic of Congo that fought the government throughout the Second Congo War,it subsequently took part in the transitional government and is one of the main opposition parties.
International criminal law (ICL) is a body of public international law designed to prohibit certain categories of conduct commonly viewed as serious atrocities and to make perpetrators of such conduct criminally accountable for their perpetration. The core crimes under international law are genocide,war crimes,crimes against humanity,and the crime of aggression.
Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo is a politician in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). After he served as Deputy Prime Minister of Defense 2023 to 2024,he was moved to the Deputy Prime Minister of Transportation. He was previously one of four vice-presidents in the transitional government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 17 July 2003 to December 2006. He led the Movement for the Liberation of the Congo (MLC),a rebel group turned political party. He received the second-highest number of votes in the 2006 presidential election. In January 2007,he was elected to the Senate.
The International Criminal Court has opened investigations in Afghanistan,the Central African Republic,Côte d'Ivoire,Darfur in Sudan,the Democratic Republic of the Congo,Kenya,Libya,Uganda,Bangladesh/Myanmar,Palestine,the Philippines,and Venezuela. Additionally,the Office of the Prosecutor conducted preliminary examinations in situations in Bolivia,Colombia,Guinea,Iraq / the United Kingdom,Nigeria,Georgia,Honduras,South Korea,Ukraine and Venezuela. Preliminary investigations were closed in Gabon;Honduras;registered vessels of Comoros,Greece,and Cambodia;South Korea;and Colombia on events since 1 July 2002.
The states parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court are those sovereign states that have ratified,or have otherwise become party to,the Rome Statute. The Rome Statute is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court,an international court that has jurisdiction over certain international crimes,including genocide,crimes against humanity,and war crimes that are committed by nationals of states parties or within the territory of states parties. States parties are legally obligated to co-operate with the Court when it requires,such as in arresting and transferring indicted persons or providing access to evidence and witnesses. States parties are entitled to participate and vote in proceedings of the Assembly of States Parties,which is the Court's governing body. Such proceedings include the election of such officials as judges and the Prosecutor,the approval of the Court's budget,and the adoption of amendments to the Rome Statute.
The eighteen judges of the International Criminal Court (ICC) are elected for nine-year terms by the member-countries of the court. Candidates must be nationals of those countries and they must "possess the qualifications required in their respective States for appointment to the highest judicial offices".
Marc Perrin de Brichambaut is a French career judge and diplomat. From 2011 to 2015 he was the Secretary General of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe,and from 2015 to 2024 he was a judge at the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague.
Sylvia Helena de Figueiredo Steiner is a Brazilian judge who was a member of the International Criminal Court from 2003 to 2016.
Anita Ušacka is a Latvian and international judge and legal academic. She has been a judge of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Latvia and of the Trial and Appeals Divisions of the International Criminal Court (ICC). She was president of the Appeals Division of the International Criminal Court in 2011/2012. She retired in 2015.
Ekaterina Trendafilova is a Bulgarian lawyer and judge with international and domestic experience. She is currently serving as the first President of the Kosovo Specialist Chambers –a position to which she was appointed in December 2016 for a four-year term and took her office on 12 January 2017.
Silvia Alejandra Fernández de Gurmendi is an Argentine lawyer,diplomat and judge. She was a judge at the International Criminal Court (ICC) from 18 November 2009 to 10 March 2018 and was the first woman President of the ICC from March 2015 to March 2018. In 2020 she was elected to serve as President of the Assembly of States Parties to Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court for the twentieth to twenty-second sessions (2021-2023).
Six judges of the International Criminal Court were elected during the 13th session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court held from 8 to 17 December 2014 in New York. The judges were elected for terms of nine years and took office on 11 March 2015.
Kuniko Ozaki,is a Japanese lawyer who served as judge of the International Criminal Court and the Presiding Judge of Trial Chamber V,constituted to try the cases against four Kenyan nationals. Specially-appointed professor of International Human Right Law at Chuo University Faculty of Law (2021-).
Péter Kovács is a Hungarian professor of international law at the Peter Pazmany Catholic University,where he is the head of the Public International Law Department and the Doctoral School. Kovács has been a judge at the Constitutional Court of Hungary since 2005. Previously he served as a diplomat at the Embassy of Hungary in Paris and as the head of the Department for Human Rights and Minority Protection in the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Kovács was elected as a judge on the International Criminal Court in the 2014 election of judges by the Assembly of State Parties. His nine-year term at the ICC ended in March 2024,but he is continuing in office pursuant to Article 36 (10) of the Rome Statute to complete the trial of Alfred Yekatom and Patrice-Edouard Ngaïssona.
A special election for one judge of the International Criminal Court was held during the resumption of the 13th session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court which took place in The Hague from 24 to 25 June 2015.
The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC),Fatou Bensouda,on 20 December 2019 announced an investigation into war crimes allegedly committed in Palestine by members of the Israeli military or Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups since 13 June 2014.
Piotr Józef Hofmański is a Polish jurist and judge who served as President of the International Criminal Court (ICC) from 2021 to 2024 and as a judge of the ICC from 2015 to 2024. Prior to this tenure,Hofmański was a legal expert and advisor at the Council of Europe.
The International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine or the Situation in Ukraine is an ongoing investigation by the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) into "any past and present allegations of war crimes,crimes against humanity or genocide committed on any part of the territory of Ukraine by any person" during the period starting "from 21 November 2013 onwards",on an "open-ended basis",covering the Revolution of Dignity,the Russo-Ukrainian War including the 2014 annexation of Crimea by Russia,the war in Donbas and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The ICC prosecutor commenced these investigations on 2 March 2022,after receiving referrals for the situation in Ukraine from 39 ICC State Parties.
References
- ↑ Lutz Meyer-Goßner / Bertram Schmitt: Strafprozessordnung: StPO - Gerichtsverfassungsgesetz, Nebengesetze und ergänzende Bestimmungen, 58. Auflage 2015, ISBN 978-3-406-67500-3.
- ↑ "Election of a judge to the European Court of Human Rights in respect of Germany" (PDF). Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe. 22 April 2010. Retrieved 21 December 2010.
- ↑ Nominations Archived 2014-08-21 at the Wayback Machine . Assembly of States Parties. Last seen May 7, 2014.
- ↑ 2014 - Election of six judges - Results Archived 2015-06-26 at the Wayback Machine . Assembly of States Parties. Last seen December 13, 2014.
- 1 2 "Judge Bertram Schmitt". International Criminal Court . Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ↑ ICC gives Jean-Pierre Bemba extra year in prison Al Jazeera , March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Chiappa, Claudia (25 September 2023). "Russia puts international court's top leadership on wanted list". Politico.
- ↑ "Six new judges sworn in today at the seat of the International Criminal Court". International Criminal Court. 8 March 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ↑ @IntlCrimCourt (March 8, 2024). "#ICC judge Bertram Schmitt will continue in office" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
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