Bida Emirate

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Bida Emirate
Flag of Nupe.svg
Nigeria location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Bida Emirate
Location in Nigeria
Coordinates: 9°05′N6°01′E / 9.083°N 6.017°E / 9.083; 6.017
CountryFlag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria
State Niger State
Government
   Etsu Dr. Alh. (Brig Gen). Yahaya Abubakar

The Bida Emirate is a traditional state in Nigeria, a successor to the old Nupe Kingdom, with its headquarters in Bida, Niger State. The head of the emirate is the Etsu Nupe, who is the leader of the Nupe people. [1]

Contents

Etsu palace, wadate Bida The Place of Etsue Nupe.jpg
Etsu palace, wadate Bida

History

The old Nupe Kingdom was established in the middle of the 15th century in a basin between the Niger and Kaduna rivers in what is now central Nigeria. Early history is mostly based on verbally-transmitted legends. King Jibiri, who reigned around 1770, was the first Nupe king to become Muslim. Etsu Ma’azu brought the kingdom to its period of greatest power, before dying in 1818. During that period, the Fulani were gaining power across Northern Nigeria. After Ma’azu's death and during the subsequent wars of succession, the Nupe Kingdom came under the control of the Gwandu Emirate. Masaba, son of the Fulani leader Mallam Dendo and a Nupe mother, gained power in 1841. [2] [3]

Faced with revolt by one of his generals, Masaba allied with the former Etsu Nupe, Usman Zaki, to recover control. Usman Zaki was enthroned as Etsu Nupe at Bida, and after his death around 1859 Masaba again became ruler until 1873. During his second period of rule, Masaba established the Bida Emirate as an important military power, steadily expanding its territory at the expense of its neighbors to the south and east. His successors retained control until 1897, when British Niger Company troops finally took Bida and established a puppet ruler. The Bida emirate became subject first to the British colonial regime, then to the independent state of Nigeria, with its rulers playing an increasingly ceremonial role. [4] [5]

Till today, the emirate celebrates its cultural day known as Nupe Cultural Day, for the remembrance of the defeat to British rulers in their region. [6] [7]

Rulers

Rulers use the title "Etsu". [8]

Names, dates and notes taken from John Stewart's African States and Rulers (1989). [8]

Nupe Kingdom (1531-1835)

NameStartEndNotes
Tsoede 15311591Founded the Kingdom of Nupe in 1531. Illegitimate son of Attah of Idah. Also known as Edegi or Choede.
Shaba15911600Also known as Tsoacha.
Zaulla16001625Also known as Zavunla or Zagulla.
Jiga16251670Also known as Jia or Jigba.
Mamman Wari16701679-
Abdu Waliyi16791700-
Aliyu17001710-
Ganamace17101713Also known as Sachi Gana Machi.
Ibrahima17131717-
Idrisu I17171721Also known as Ederisu.
Tsado17211742Also known as Chado or Abdullahi.
Abu Bakr Kolo17421746-
Jibrin17461759Also known as Jibrilu.
Ma'azu17591767-
Majiya I17671777Also known as Zubeiru.
Iliyasu17771778-
Ma'azu17781795Second reign.
Alikolo Tankari17951795-
Mamma17951796-
Jimada17961805In 1796 a civil war broke out between Jimada and Majiya II (grandsons of Iliyasu), which led to the Nupe Kingdom being temporarily split into West and East Nupe. [9] Jimada ruled East Nupe until his death in 1805. [10]
Majiya II17961810Ruled West Nupe until the death of Jimada in 1805, after which the Nupe Kingdom was reunited. [9]
Idrisu II18101830-
Majiya II18301834Second reign.
Tsado18341835In 1835 Nupe became part of the Fulani Empire.

Nupe Emirate (1835-1901)

NameStartEndNotes
Usuman Zaki dan Malam Dendo 18351841-
Masaba dan Malam Dendo 18411847-
Umar Bahaushe18471856-
Usuman Zaki dan Malam Dendo 18561859Second term.
Masaba dan Malam Dendo 18591873Second term.
Umaru Majigi dan Muhamman Majigi 18731884-
Maliki dan Usman Zaki 18841895-
Abu Bakr dan Masaba 18841895Died 1919. [11]
Muhammadu dan Umaru Majigi18951901Nupe Emirate incorporated into the Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1901.

Bida Emirate (1901-present)

NameStartEndNotes
Muhammadu dan Umaru Majigi1901February 1916-
Bello dan Maliki 6 March 1916 [11] 1926 [11] -
Malam Sa'idu dan Mamudu1926 [11] February 1935 [11] -
Malam Muhammadu Ndayako dan Muhammadu 28 February 1935 [11] 29 October 1962 [11] -
Usman Sarki dan Malam Sa'idu 29 October 1962 [11] 1969 [11] Died 1984. [11]
Malam Musa Bello 1969 [11] 10 January 1975 [11] -
Umaru Sanda Ndayako January 1975 [11] 1 September 2003 [11] -
Yahaya Abubakar [12] 1 September 2003-

References

  1. Salahu, Mohammed Lawal (15 September 2017). "Slave Factor in the Development of Bida Emirate: 1857–1900". African Research Review. 11 (3): 13. doi: 10.4314/afrrev.v11i3.2 . ISSN   2070-0083.
  2. "History of Nupe Kingdom (The Fulani Conquest)". National Youth Service Corps. Archived from the original on 11 February 2011. Retrieved 9 September 2010.
  3. Nadel, S. F. (3 September 2018), "Political History of Nupe Kingdom", A Black Byzantium, Routledge, pp. 69–86, doi:10.4324/9780429487545-6, ISBN   978-0-429-48754-5, S2CID   165654177
  4. "Origin of Bida Emirate". National Youth Service Corps. Archived from the original on 11 February 2011. Retrieved 9 September 2010.
  5. Nadel, S. F. (Siegfried Frederick), 1903-1956, author. A black byzantium : the kingdom of Nupe in Nigeria. ISBN   978-0-429-48754-5. OCLC   1049150141.{{cite book}}: |last= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. Nadel, S. F. (2018), "The Nupe Creed", Nupe Religion, Routledge, pp. 1–37, doi:10.4324/9780429487446-1, ISBN   978-0-429-48744-6, S2CID   240243198
  7. Oleribe, EOO; Alasia, DD (11 January 2007). "Cultural and health: The effect of nupe cultural practice on the health of nupe people". Nigerian Journal of Medicine. 15 (3): 325–8. doi: 10.4314/njm.v15i3.37241 . ISSN   1115-2613. PMID   17111771.
  8. 1 2 Stewart, John (1989). African States and Rulers. London: McFarland. p. 204. ISBN   0-89950-390-X.
  9. 1 2 Stewart, John (1989). African States and Rulers. London: McFarland. p. 291. ISBN   0-89950-390-X.
  10. Stewart, John (1989). African States and Rulers. London: McFarland. p. 80. ISBN   0-89950-390-X.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Traditional States of Nigeria". WorldStatesmen.org. Archived from the original on 26 September 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2010.
  12. Agha Ibiam (4 March 2009). "As New Makaman Nupe Steps in". ThisDay. Retrieved 4 September 2010.