CGB1

Last updated

CGB1
PBB Protein CGB image.jpg
Identifiers
Aliases CGB1 , chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit 1, chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 1
External IDs OMIM: 608823; MGI: 96782; HomoloGene: 137643; GeneCards: CGB1; OMA:CGB1 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

114335

16866

Ensembl

ENSG00000267631

ENSMUSG00000100916

UniProt

A6NKQ9

O09108

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_033377
NM_001382421

NM_008497

RefSeq (protein)

NP_203695
NP_001369350

NP_032523

Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 49.04 – 49.04 Mb n/a
PubMed search [2] [3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Choriogonadotropin subunit beta variant 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGB1 gene. [4] [5]

Contents

The beta subunit of chorionic gonadotropin (CGB) is encoded by six highly homologous and structurally similar genes that are arranged in tandem and inverted pairs on chromosome 19q13.3, and contiguous with the luteinizing hormone beta (LHB) subunit gene. The CGB genes are primarily distinguished by differences in the 5' untranslated region. This gene was originally thought to be one of the two pseudogenes (CGB1 and CGB2) of CGB subunit, however, detection of CGB1 and CGB2 transcripts in vivo, and their presence on the polysomes, suggested that these transcripts are translated. To date, a protein product corresponding to CGB1 has not been isolated. The deduced sequence of the hypothetical protein of 132 aa does not share any similarity with that of functional CGB subunits (Dirnhofer S, Hermann M, Hittmair A, Hoermann R, Kapelari K, Berger P (December 1996). "Expression of the human chorionic gonadotropin-beta gene cluster in human pituitaries and alternate use of exon 1". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81 (12): 4212–7. doi: 10.1210/jcem.81.12.8954017 . PMID   8954017.). However, a 155 aa protein, translated from a different frame, is about the same size, and shares 98% identity with other CGB subunits. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luteinizing hormone</span> Gonadotropin secreted by the adenohypophysis

Luteinizing hormone is a hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. The production of LH is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. In females, an acute rise of LH known as an LH surge, triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum. In males, where LH had also been called interstitial cell–stimulating hormone (ICSH), it stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone. It acts synergistically with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Gonadotropins are glycoprotein hormones secreted by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary of vertebrates. This family includes the mammalian hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), the placental/chorionic gonadotropins, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), as well as at least two forms of fish gonadotropins. These hormones are central to the complex endocrine system that regulates normal growth, sexual development, and reproductive function. LH and FSH are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, while hCG and eCG are secreted by the placenta in pregnant women and mares, respectively. The gonadotropins act on the gonads, controlling gamete and sex hormone production.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor</span> Transmembrane receptor found in humans

The luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR), also lutropin/choriogonadotropin receptor (LCGR) or luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), is a transmembrane receptor found predominantly in the ovary and testis, but also many extragonadal organs such as the uterus and breasts. The receptor interacts with both luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropins and represents a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Its activation is necessary for the hormonal functioning during reproduction.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGA gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FSHB</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Follitropin subunit beta also known as follicle-stimulating hormone beta subunit (FSH-B) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FSHB gene. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding the same protein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AKAP5</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

A-kinase anchor protein 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AKAP5 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FNTA</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Protein farnesyltransferase/geranylgeranyltransferase type-1 subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FNTA gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PRKACB</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKACB gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Growth hormone 2</span> Variant of somatotropin produced by placenta

Growth hormone 2 (GH2), also known more commonly as placental growth hormone (PGH) or growth hormone variant (GH-V), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GH2 gene. It is produced by and secreted from the placenta during pregnancy, and becomes the predominant form of growth hormone (GH) in the body during this time. Its cogener is growth hormone 1 (GH1), or pituitary growth hormone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CGB7</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Choriogonadotropin subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGB7 gene.

Progonadoliberin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNRH2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PKIA</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PKIA gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CGB2 (gene)</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Choriogonadotropin subunit beta variant 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGB2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Troponin C, skeletal muscle</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Troponin C, skeletal muscle is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNNC2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Luteinizing hormone subunit beta also known as lutropin subunit beta or LHβ is a polypeptide that in association with an alpha subunit common to all gonadotropin hormones forms the reproductive signaling molecule luteinizing hormone. In humans it is encoded by the LHB gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CACNG1</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CACNG1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TSHB</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Thyroid stimulating hormone, beta also known as TSHB is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TSHB gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chorionic gonadotropin beta</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Choriogonadotropin subunit beta (CG-beta) also known as chorionic gonadotrophin chain beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGB gene.

Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGB5 gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000267631 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ↑ Policastro P, Ovitt CE, Hoshina M, Fukuoka H, Boothby MR, Boime I (Nov 1983). "The beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin is encoded by multiple genes". J Biol Chem. 258 (19): 11492–9. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)44254-2 . PMID   6194155.
  5. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: CGB1 chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 1".

Further reading


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