CLDN2

Last updated
CLDN2
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases CLDN2 , claudin 2, OAZON
External IDs OMIM: 300520 MGI: 1276110 HomoloGene: 9621 GeneCards: CLDN2
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_020384
NM_001171092
NM_001171095

NM_016675

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001164563
NP_001164566
NP_065117

NP_057884

Location (UCSC) Chr X: 106.9 – 106.93 Mb Chr X: 138.7 – 138.71 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Claudin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN2 gene. [5] [6] It belongs to the group of claudins.

Contents

Members of the claudin protein family, such as CLDN2, are expressed in an organ-specific manner and regulate the tissue-specific physiologic properties of tight junctions (Sakaguchi et al., 2002).[supplied by OMIM] [6]

Function

Claudin-2 is expressed in cation-leaky epithelia such as that of the kidney proximal tubule. [7] Mice that are deficient in claudin-2 have reduced reabsorption of Na + in the proximal tubule, consistent with a role in paracellular transport. Similar results have been obtained with cultured cells, as overexpression in claudin-2 lacking cells leads to increase of permeability for small cations. [8] Furthermore, claudin-2 has been shown to form paracellular channels for water. [9]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Claudin</span> Group of proteins forming tight junctions between cells

Claudins are a family of proteins which, along with occludin, are the most important components of the tight junctions. Tight junctions establish the paracellular barrier that controls the flow of molecules in the intercellular space between the cells of an epithelium. They have four transmembrane domains, with the N-terminus and the C-terminus in the cytoplasm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Occludin</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Occludin is a transmembrane protein that regulates the permeability of epithelial and endothelial barriers. It was first identified in epithelial cells as a 65 kDa integral plasma-membrane protein localized at the tight junctions. Together with Claudins, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin has been considered a staple of tight junctions, and although it was shown to regulate the formation, maintenance, and function of tight junctions, its precise mechanism of action remained elusive and most of its actions were initially attributed to conformational changes following selective phosphorylation, and its redox-sensitive dimerization. However, mounting evidence demonstrated that occludin is not only present in epithelial/endothelial cells, but is also expressed in large quantities in cells that do not have tight junctions but have very active metabolism: pericytes, neurons and astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages lymphocytes, and myocardium. Recent work, using molecular modeling, supported by biochemical and live-cell experiments in human cells demonstrated that occludin is a NADH oxidase that influences critical aspects of cell metabolism like glucose uptake, ATP production and gene expression. Furthermore, manipulation of occludin content in human cells is capable of influencing the expression of glucose transporters, and the activation of transcription factors like NFkB, and histone deacetylases like sirtuins, which proved capable of diminishing HIV replication rates in infected human macrophages under laboratory conditions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN1 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin 4, also known as CLDN4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLDN4 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN5</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN5 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin 3, also known as CLDN3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CLDN3 gene. It is a member of the claudin protein family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN7</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Claudin-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN7 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN6</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN6 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. The knockout mice of mouse homolog exhibit no phenotype, indicating that claudin-6 is dispensable for normal development and homeostasis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN12</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN12 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN8</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN8 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN16</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN16 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN14</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN14 gene. It belongs to a related family of proteins called claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN9</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN9 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN17</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN17 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins; claudins are cell-cell junction proteins that keep that maintains cell- and tissue-barrier function. It forms anion-selective paracellular channels and is localized mainly in kidney proximal tubules.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN10</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN10 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN15</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN15 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Among its related pathways are Blood-Brain Barrier and Immune Cell Transmigration: VCAM-1/CD106 Signaling Pathways and Tight junction. GO annotations related to this gene include identical protein binding and structural molecule activity. An important paralog of this gene is CLDN10.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN19</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-19 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN19 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. Claudin-19 has been implicated in magnesium transport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN20</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-20 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN20 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN18</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN18 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CLDN22</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Claudin-22 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN22 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165376 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000047230 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Morita K, Furuse M, Fujimoto K, Tsukita S (March 1999). "Claudin multigene family encoding four-transmembrane domain protein components of tight junction strands". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 96 (2): 511–6. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96..511M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.2.511 . PMC   15167 . PMID   9892664.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: CLDN2 claudin 2".
  7. Muto, S.; Hata, M.; Taniguchi, J.; Tsuruoka, S.; Moriwaki, K.; Saitou, M.; Furuse, K.; Sasaki, H.; Fujimura, A.; Imai, M.; Kusano, E.; Tsukita, S.; Furuse, M. (2010). "Claudin-2-deficient mice are defective in the leaky and cation-selective paracellular permeability properties of renal proximal tubules". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (17): 8011–8016. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107.8011M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0912901107 . PMC   2867900 . PMID   20385797.
  8. Amasheh, S; Meiri, N; Gitter, A. H.; Schöneberg, T; Mankertz, J; Schulzke, J. D.; Fromm, M (2002). "Claudin-2 expression induces cation-selective channels in tight junctions of epithelial cells". Journal of Cell Science. 115 (Pt 24): 4969–76. doi:10.1242/jcs.00165. PMID   12432083.
  9. Rosenthal, R.; Milatz, S.; Krug, S. M.; Oelrich, B.; Schulzke, J. -D.; Amasheh, S.; Gunzel, D.; Fromm, M. (2010). "Claudin-2, a component of the tight junction, forms a paracellular water channel". Journal of Cell Science. 123 (11): 1913–1921. doi:10.1242/jcs.060665. PMID   20460438.

Further reading