COA7

Last updated
COA7
Identifiers
Aliases COA7 , C1orf163, RESA1, SELRC1, cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7 (putative), SCAN3, cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7
External IDs OMIM: 615623 MGI: 1917143 HomoloGene: 11317 GeneCards: COA7
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

65260

69893

Ensembl

ENSG00000162377

ENSMUSG00000048351

UniProt

Q96BR5

Q921H9

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_023077

NM_027250

RefSeq (protein)

NP_075565

NP_081526

Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 52.68 – 52.7 Mb n/a
PubMed search [2] [3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7 (putative) (COA7), also known as Beta-lactamase hap-like protein, Respiratory chain assembly factor 1 (RESA1), Sel1 repeat-containing protein 1 (SELRC1), or C1orf163 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COA7 gene. [4] [5] [6] The protein encoded by COA7 is an assembly factor important for the mitochondrial respiratory chain. [7] Mutations in COA7 have been associated with cytochrome c oxidase deficiency resulting in spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy type 3 and mitochondrial myopathy. [8] [9]

Contents

Structure

COA7 is located on the p arm of chromosome 1 in position 32.3 and has 3 exons. [4] The COA7 gene produces a 25.7 kDa protein composed of 231 amino acids. [10] [11] COA7, the protein encoded by this gene, is a member of the hcp beta-lactamase family. This protein has a series of 5 Sel1-like tetratricopeptide repeat domains. [9] It is also believed to be a soluble mitochondrial protein that contains large amounts of cysteine. [7] Additionally, COA7 contains an N-acetylalanine amino acid modification at position 2. [5] [6]

Function

COA7 is a protein assembly factor that is important for normal mitochondrial respiratory chain activity. It is believed to be involved in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), but may also have effects on complex I and even complex III as well. It has been suggested that COA7 is a mitochondrial soluble intermembrane space protein, however, others have indicated that this soluble protein may actually be localized to the mitochondrial matrix. [7] [9]

Clinical significance

Mutations in COA7 have been associated with spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy type 3 and mitochondrial myopathy resulting from cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) deficiency. Complex IV deficiency is a disorder of the mitochondrial respiratory chain with heterogeneous clinical manifestations, ranging from isolated myopathy to severe multisystem disease affecting several tissues and organs. [12] [6] In cases of pathogenic COA7 mutations, patient clinical manifestations can include sensory disturbance, decreased deep tendon reflexes, dysarthria, peripheral neuropathy, axonal sensorimotor neuropathy, ataxia, cerebellar and spinal cord atrophy, leukoencephalopathy, elevated serum creatine kinase levels, ragged-red fibers, and cognitive impairment. COA7 loss-of-function has been shown to lead to the disruption of oxidative phosphorylation, with cytochrome c oxidase activity being the most affected complex. Pathogenic variations have been known to include D6G, S149I, G144fs, and Y137C amino acid changes in addition to a c.115C>T exon 2 deletion. [8] [9]

Interactions

COA7 has been shown to have 27 binary protein-protein interactions including 16 co-complex interactions. COA7 appears to interact with EFHC1, SNRPB, SUOX, AES, ENKD1, and GPSM3. [13]

Related Research Articles

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I Enzyme of the respiratory chain encoded by the mitochondrial genome

Cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1) also known as mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I (MT-CO1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT-CO1 gene. In other eukaryotes, the gene is called COX1, CO1, or COI. Cytochrome c oxidase I is the main subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase complex. Mutations in MT-CO1 have been associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia, Complex IV deficiency, colorectal cancer, sensorineural deafness, and recurrent myoglobinuria.

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II Enzyme of the respiratory chain encoded by the mitochondrial genome

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2, also known as cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide II, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT-CO2 gene. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II, abbreviated COXII, COX2, COII, or MT-CO2, is the second subunit of cytochrome c oxidase. It is also one of the three mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoded subunits of respiratory complex IV.

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III Enzyme of the respiratory chain encoded by the mitochondrial genome

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III (COX3) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MT-CO3 gene. It is one of main transmembrane subunits of cytochrome c oxidase. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III is also one of the three mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoded subunits of respiratory complex IV. Variants of MT-CO3 have been associated with isolated myopathy, severe encephalomyopathy, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, mitochondrial complex IV deficiency, and recurrent myoglobinuria.

SURF1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Surfeit locus protein 1 (SURF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SURF1 gene. The protein encoded by SURF1 is a component of the mitochondrial translation regulation assembly intermediate of cytochrome c oxidase complex, which is involved in the regulation of cytochrome c oxidase assembly. Defects in this gene are a cause of Leigh syndrome, a severe neurological disorder that is commonly associated with systemic cytochrome c oxidase deficiency, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 4K (CMT4K).

SCO2

SCO2 cytochrome c oxidase assembly is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCO2 gene. The encoded protein is one of the cytochrome c oxidase (COX)(Complex IV) assembly factors. Human COX is a multimeric protein complex that requires several assembly factors. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen, which helps to maintain the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane that is necessary for aerobic ATP production. The encoded protein is a metallochaperone that is involved in the biogenesis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II. Mutations in this gene are associated with fatal infantile encephalocardiomyopathy and myopia 6.

SCO1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Protein SCO1 homolog, mitochondrial, also known as SCO1, cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCO1 gene. SCO1 localizes predominantly to blood vessels, whereas SCO2 is barely detectable, as well as to tissues with high levels of oxidative phosphorylation. The expression of SCO2 is also much higher than that of SCO1 in muscle tissue, while SCO1 is expressed at higher levels in liver tissue than SCO2. Mutations in both SCO1 and SCO2 are associated with distinct clinical phenotypes as well as tissue-specific cytochrome c oxidase deficiency.

COX6B1

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the COX6B1 gene. Cytochrome c oxidase 6B1 is a subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase complex, also known as Complex IV, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Mutations of the COX6B1 gene are associated with severe infantile encephalomyopathy and mitochondrial complex IV deficiency (MT-C4D).

COX10

Protoheme IX farnesyltransferase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the COX10 gene. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, catalyzes the electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to oxygen. This component is a heteromeric complex consisting of 3 catalytic subunits encoded by mitochondrial genes and multiple structural subunits encoded by nuclear genes. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits function in electron transfer, and the nuclear-encoded subunits may function in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This nuclear gene, COX10, encodes heme A: farnesyltransferase, which is not a structural subunit but required for the expression of functional COX and functions in the maturation of the heme A prosthetic group of COX. A gene mutation, which results in the substitution of a lysine for an asparagine (N204K), is identified to be responsible for cytochrome c oxidase deficiency. In addition, this gene is disrupted in patients with CMT1A duplication and with HNPP deletion.

Mitochondrially encoded tRNA glutamic acid also known as MT-TE is a transfer RNA which in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-TE gene. MT-TE is a small 69 nucleotide RNA that transfers the amino acid glutamic acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosome site of protein synthesis during translation.

Mitochondrially encoded tRNA phenylalanine also known as MT-TF is a transfer RNA which in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-TF gene.

Mitochondrially encoded tRNA isoleucine also known as MT-TI is a transfer RNA which in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-TI gene.

Mitochondrially encoded tRNA threonine also known as MT-TT is a transfer RNA which in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-TT gene.

NUBPL

Iron-sulfur protein NUBPL (IND1) also known as nucleotide-binding protein-like (NUBPL), IND1 homolog, Nucleotide-binding protein-like or huInd1 is an iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein that, in humans, is encoded by the NUBPL gene, located on chromosome 14q12. It has an early role in the assembly of the mitochondrial complex I assembly pathway.

Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 19, also known as TPR repeat protein 19 or Tetratricopeptide repeat protein 19, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTC19 gene. This gene encodes a protein with a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain containing several TPRs of about 34 amino acids each. These repeats are found in a variety of organisms including bacteria, fungi and plants, and are involved in a variety of functions including protein-protein interactions. This protein is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is involved in the formation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain III. It has also been suggested that this protein plays a role in cytokinesis. Mutations in this gene cause mitochondrial complex III deficiency. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.

COA3

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 3, also known as Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 56, or Mitochondrial translation regulation assembly intermediate of cytochrome c oxidase protein of 12 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COA3 gene. This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor family. Studies of a related gene in fly suggest that the encoded protein is localized to mitochondria and is essential for cytochrome c oxidase function.

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COA5 gene. This gene encodes an ortholog of yeast Pet191, which in yeast is a subunit of a large oligomeric complex associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane, and required for the assembly of the cytochrome c oxidase complex. Mutations in this gene are associated with mitochondrial complex IV deficiency.

COX14 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COX14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COX14 gene. This gene encodes a small single-pass transmembrane protein that localizes to mitochondria. This protein may play a role in coordinating the early steps of cytochrome c oxidase subunit assembly and, in particular, the synthesis and assembly of the COX I subunit of the holoenzyme. Mutations in this gene have been associated with mitochondrial complex IV deficiency. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COX20 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COX20 gene. This gene encodes a protein that plays a role in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase, an important component of the respiratory pathway. Mutations in this gene can cause mitochondrial complex IV deficiency. There are multiple pseudogenes for this gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

COA6 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COA6 gene. Mitochondrial respiratory chain Complex IV, or cytochrome c oxidase, is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from intermembrane space cytochrome c to molecular oxygen in the matrix and as a consequence contributes to the proton gradient involved in mitochondrial ATP synthesis. The COA6 gene encodes an assembly factor for mitochondrial complex IV and is a member of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B family. This protein is located in the intermembrane space, associating with SCO2 and COX2. It stabilizes newly formed COX2 and is part of the mitochondrial copper relay system. Mutations in this gene result in fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy.

PET100

PET100 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PET100 gene. Mitochondrial complex IV, or cytochrome c oxidase, is a large transmembrane protein complex that is part of the respiratory electron transport chain of mitochondria. The small protein encoded by the PET100 gene plays a role in the biogenesis of mitochondrial complex IV. This protein localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and is exposed to the intermembrane space. Mutations in this gene are associated with mitochondrial complex IV deficiency. This gene has a pseudogene on chromosome 3. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162377 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7 (putative)" . Retrieved 2018-08-08.PD-icon.svgThis article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  5. 1 2 "COA7 - Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7 - Homo sapiens (Human) - COA7 gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 2018-08-08. CC-BY-icon-80x15.png  This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  6. 1 2 3 "UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase". Nucleic Acids Research. 45 (D1): D158–D169. January 2017. doi:10.1093/nar/gkw1099. PMC   5210571 . PMID   27899622.
  7. 1 2 3 Kozjak-Pavlovic V, Prell F, Thiede B, Götz M, Wosiek D, Ott C, Rudel T (February 2014). "C1orf163/RESA1 is a novel mitochondrial intermembrane space protein connected to respiratory chain assembly". Journal of Molecular Biology. 426 (4): 908–20. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2013.12.001. PMID   24333015.
  8. 1 2 Higuchi Y, Okunushi R, Hara T, Hashiguchi A, Yuan J, Yoshimura A, Murayama K, Ohtake A, Ando M, Hiramatsu Y, Ishihara S, Tanabe H, Okamoto Y, Matsuura E, Ueda T, Toda T, Yamashita S, Yamada K, Koide T, Yaguchi H, Mitsui J, Ishiura H, Yoshimura J, Doi K, Morishita S, Sato K, Nakagawa M, Yamaguchi M, Tsuji S, Takashima H (June 2018). "Mutations in COA7 cause spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy". Brain. 141 (6): 1622–1636. doi:10.1093/brain/awy104. PMC   5972596 . PMID   29718187.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Martinez Lyons A, Ardissone A, Reyes A, Robinson AJ, Moroni I, Ghezzi D, Fernandez-Vizarra E, Zeviani M (December 2016). "COA7 (C1orf163/RESA1) mutations associated with mitochondrial leukoencephalopathy and cytochrome c oxidase deficiency". Journal of Medical Genetics. 53 (12): 846–849. doi:10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104194. PMC   5264227 . PMID   27683825.
  10. ↑ Yao, Daniel. "Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB) —— Protein Information". amino.heartproteome.org. Archived from the original on 2018-08-09. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
  11. ↑ Zong NC, Li H, Li H, Lam MP, Jimenez RC, Kim CS, Deng N, Kim AK, Choi JH, Zelaya I, Liem D, Meyer D, Odeberg J, Fang C, Lu HJ, Xu T, Weiss J, Duan H, Uhlen M, Yates JR, Apweiler R, Ge J, Hermjakob H, Ping P (October 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation Research. 113 (9): 1043–53. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301151. PMC   4076475 . PMID   23965338.
  12. ↑ "Mitochondrial complex IV deficiency". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 2018-08-08. CC-BY-icon-80x15.png  This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  13. ↑ "27 binary interactions found for search term COA7". IntAct Molecular Interaction Database. EMBL-EBI. Retrieved 2018-08-25.

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