California State Route 221

State Route 221
	Napa-Vallejo Highway
	SR 221 highlighted in red
Route information
	Defined by Streets and Highways Code § 521
	Maintained by Caltrans
Length	2.682 mi [1] (4.316 km)
Major junctions
South end	SR 12 / SR 29 near Napa
North end	SR 121 in Napa
Location
Counties	Napa
Highway system

Last updated November 17, 2019

State Route 221 (SR 221) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs in and just outside the City of Napa, providing access to Napa Valley College and Napa State Hospital. The highway's southern terminus is with State Route 12 and State Route 29 outside the southeast corner of the city, and its northern terminus is at State Route 121 inside the city. SR 221 forms part of the Napa-Vallejo Highway with SR 29.

A state highway, state road, or state route is usually a road that is either numbered or maintained by a sub-national state or province. A road numbered by a state or province falls below numbered national highways in the hierarchy. Roads maintained by a state or province include both nationally numbered highways and un-numbered state highways. Depending on the state, "state highway" may be used for one meaning and "state road" or "state route" for the other.

In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are currently 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory and shares its sovereignty with the federal government. Due to this shared sovereignty, Americans are citizens both of the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons restricted by certain types of court orders.

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States. With 39.6 million residents across a total area of about 163,696 square miles (423,970 km²), California is the most populous U.S. state and the third-largest by area. The state capital is Sacramento. The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 9.7 million residents respectively. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second-most populous, after New York City. California also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The City and County of San Francisco is both the country's second-most densely populated major city after New York City and the fifth-most densely populated county, behind only four of the five New York City boroughs.

Route description

Route 221 is the northernmost part of the Napa-Vallejo Highway. It is a divided four-lane expressway that serves as an alternate to the nearby Route 29 freeway into Napa from the south. Unlike Route 29, however, 221 provides direct access to Napa Valley College and Napa State Hospital. The southern terminus is with Route 29 (which also carries Route 12), where it continues as the Napa-Vallejo Highway. The northern terminus is an intersection with Route 121, where 121 continues north as Soscol Avenue.

State Route 29 is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that travels from Interstate 80 in Vallejo north to State Route 20 in Upper Lake. It serves as the primary road through the Napa Valley, providing access to the Lake County region to the north and the rest of the San Francisco Bay Area to the south.

Napa is the largest city and the county seat of Napa County. It is the principal city of the Napa County Metropolitan Statistical Area, with a population of 80,011 as of the 2010 census. It is the second-largest city in California's Wine Country, after Santa Rosa. Napa was incorporated as a city in 1872.

Napa Valley College, formerly known as Napa Junior College and Napa Community College, is a public community college in Napa Valley, California. It is one of California's 113 community colleges. The tree-lined main campus in Napa, California sits on 160 acres overlooking the Napa River and includes a Performing Arts Center, a Child Development Center, a Business Development Center and the Napa Valley Vintners Teaching Winery. An Upper Valley Campus in St. Helena includes the Napa Valley Cooking School, training aspiring chefs. In 2014-2015, the total enrollment was about 8,559.

SR 221 is part of the National Highway System,^[2] a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.^[3]

The National Highway System (NHS) is a network of strategic highways within the United States, including the Interstate Highway System and other roads serving major airports, ports, rail or truck terminals, railway stations, pipeline terminals and other strategic transport facilities. Altogether, it constitutes the largest highway system in the world.

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is a division of the United States Department of Transportation that specializes in highway transportation. The agency's major activities are grouped into two programs, the Federal-aid Highway Program and the Federal Lands Highway Program. Its role had previously been performed by the Office of Road Inquiry, Office of Public Roads and the Bureau of Public Roads.

Major intersections

Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was in 1964, based on the alignment that existed at the time, and do not necessarily reflect current mileage. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers an overlap due to a correction or change, and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary (for a full list of prefixes, see the list of postmile definitions).^[1] Segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted. The entire route is in Napa County.

California uses a postmile highway location marker system on all of its state highways, including U.S. Routes and Interstate Highways. The postmile markers indicate the distance a route travels through individual counties, as opposed to milestones that indicate the distance traveled through a state. The postmile system is the only route reference system used by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans).

In 1963 and 1964, the California Division of Highways implemented a major renumbering of its state highways. The majority of sign routes—those marked for the public—kept their numbers; the main changes were to the legislative routes, which had their numbers changed to match the sign routes. Many formerly unsigned routes received sign numbers corresponding to their new legislative numbers. A smaller change was the removal and truncating of many U.S. Routes in favor of the Interstate Highways, and the renumbering of State Routes that conflicted with Interstate numbers. Some U.S. Routes that were officially removed continued to be signed until the replacement Interstates were completed.

Napa County is a county north of San Pablo Bay in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 136,484. The county seat is the City of Napa. Napa County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. Parts of the county's territory were given to Lake County in 1861.

Location	Postmile ^[1]^[4]^[5]	Destinations	Notes
	0.00	Soscol Ferry Road	Continuation beyond SR 12 / SR 29
	0.00	SR 12 / SR 29 – Sonoma, Calistoga, Vallejo, Oakland	South end of SR 221
Napa	2.68	SR 121 (Imola Avenue, Soscol Avenue) – Lake Berryessa, Sonoma, Downtown Napa	North end of SR 221
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Related Research Articles

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State Route 197 is a state highway in the U.S. state of California located north of Crescent City in Del Norte County. Running along the north bank of the Smith River as North Bank Road, SR 197 is a bypass connecting U.S. Highways 199 and 101.

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State Route 222, named Talmage Road along its entire length, is an unsigned state highway in the U.S. state of California. It was originally constructed as a short spur route of U.S. Route 101 in Mendocino County to what was Mendocino State Hospital in Talmage. The road has remained a state highway after the hospital closed down and the City of Ten Thousand Buddhas monastery was established on the former site in 1976. The SR 222 designation legislatively ends at its intersection with East Side Road, where the road continues as Bodhi Way into the monastery complex.

References

1 2 3 California Department of Transportation. "State Truck Route List". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (XLS file) on June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
↑ Federal Highway Administration (March 25, 2015). National Highway System: Napa, CA (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
↑ Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
↑ California Department of Transportation (July 2007). "Log of Bridges on State Highways". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation.
↑ California Department of Transportation, All Traffic Volumes on CSHS, 2005 and 2006

External links

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[trucklist-1] 1 2 3 California Department of Transportation. "State Truck Route List". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (XLS file) on June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.

[fhwa-nhs-2] Federal Highway Administration (March 25, 2015). National Highway System: Napa, CA (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved September 9, 2017.

[NHS-FHWA-3] Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2012.

[bridgelog-4] California Department of Transportation (July 2007). "Log of Bridges on State Highways". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation.

[5] California Department of Transportation, All Traffic Volumes on CSHS, 2005 and 2006