Canton of Remich Kanton Réimech | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 49°30′N6°18′E / 49.500°N 6.300°E | |
Country | Luxembourg |
Legislative constituency | Est |
LAU 1 | LU00012 |
Capital | Remich |
Communes (cities in bold) | Bous-Waldbredimus Dalheim Lenningen Mondorf-les-Bains Remich Schengen Stadtbredimus Waldbredimus |
Area | |
• Total | 127.9 km2 (49.4 sq mi) |
• Rank | 11th of 12 |
Highest elevation | 368 m (1,207 ft) |
Lowest elevation | 140 m (460 ft) |
Population (2023) | |
• Total | 24,186 |
• Rank | 7th of 12 |
• Density | 190/km2 (490/sq mi) |
• Rank | 4th of 12 |
Remich is a canton in the east of Luxembourg. Its capital is Remich.
The Canton of Remich consists of the following seven communes:
The country's subdivision into cantons and administrative communes dates from the decree of the Committee of Public Safety (the French Revolutionary government) of 31 August 1795, barely three months after French forces had taken the Fortress of Luxembourg. [3]
At the time, Luxembourg still had its historical borders and comprised a larger territory, before the later Partitions. [3] In other words, the Moselle river did not constitute the border at the time, and the Canton of Remich's territory included places such as Palzem, Kreuzweiler, Wies, Nennig, Besch, Wochern, and Borg, all located on the far side of the Moselle in what is now Germany. [3]
At the time of the Revolution, the commune of Remich had a population of 1110. [3] As the administrative centre of the canton, Remich was the location of a justice of the peace, and in 1822 was awarded the status of "town" by government decree. [3]
According to the census of 1796, after Remich itself the next most populous places of the canton were Dalheim (477 inhabitants), Wormeldange (436), which was later transferred to the canton of Grevenmacher, Wellenstein (419), and Mondorf (414). [3]
After Napoleon's defeat, in 1815 the Congress of Vienna made the Moselle into the eastern border of Luxembourg towards the Rhineland, which was now Rhenish Prussia. [3] The canton of Remich therefore lost its lands on the right bank of the Moselle. [3]
Under the French administration, the Remich canton had been part of the arrondissement of Luxembourg. [3] Later, Luxembourg was de facto annexed to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which brought about changes to the administrative subdivisions by decrees in 1822 and 1823. [3] Arrondissements were re-named districts, and their number increased from 4 to 8. [3] These included the new district of Grevenmacher, to which belonged the cantons of Grevenmacher, Echternach, Betzdorf, and Remich. [3]
At the beginning of the 19th century, the canton of Remich — mostly agricultural in nature — primarily lived off vine-growing and cultivating fruit trees. [3] In terms of industries, Remich was the location of various quarries, lime kilns, a tile factory and a brickworks. [3] A factory making artistic products out of gypsum was founded in 1827, but was not able to survive. [3] Along with a brewery and a tannery in Mondorf, and a dyery and a snuffbox manufacturer in Dalheim, these were all the industries in the canton. [3]
The wine industry had serious difficulties under the Dutch regime, due to a poorly-conceived consumption tax on wine. [3] It was this tax that provoked unrest in Remich in 1823. [3] 14 gendarmes were assaulted by the inhabitants "with a violence that could be compared to the fury of a tiger", according to an official report. [3] The authorities had to send infantry and cavalry. [4] From this day, there was a rift between the people (except for a handful of notables, who were large-scale property owners) and the Dutch regime. [3]
Ironically, at the time of the Belgian Revolution from 1830, the canton was sometimes called the "Dutch canton". [4] This term came from the fact that several prominent members of the Orangist cause came from the canton. [4] The wider population, on the other hand, were on the side of the Belgian revolutionaries. [4] When the Revolution broke out in October 1830, the tax agents in Remich only remained unharmed thanks to the intervention of the mayor, Jacques D'Martigny. [4]
After the third partition of Luxembourg in 1839, where much of its territory was ceded to Belgium, a decree from 12 October 1841 by the King-Grand Duke William II reorganised government districts, cantons and communes, creating the state of affairs that largely remained unchanged to the present day, save for some minor modifications. [3] Since then, the canton of Remich has comprised the same communes that it still does, Lenningen, Stadtbredimus, Bous, Waldbredimus, Remich, Wellenstein, Remerschen, Burmerange, Dalheim and Mondorf. [3] It formerly also included Weiler-la-Tour, but in 1846 this was transferred to the canton of Luxembourg, following the wishes of the commune's inhabitants. [3]
The Moselle region experienced several years of suffering in the following period, after multiple consecutive bad harvests. [3] In 1854 for example, the grape harvest was not even a tenth of a normal year's harvest. [3] In desperation, many winegrowers and day labourers chose emigration en masse, in families and groups of families from the same village, towards the United States. [3]
It is likely that Remich's expansion around the middle of the 19th century was due to its importance as a river port before the construction of the railways. [4] The latter started in 1859 with the construction of the Luxembourg-Thionville line. [4] The network's framework was completed by 1867 with the building of the Ettelbruck-Troisvierges line. [4]
Before then, river traffic on the Moselle had been significant, helped by exports of cast iron and ore headed for the Rhine and Saar rivers. [4] In the canton of Remich, this movement of goods flowed mostly via the river port of Stadtbredimus. [4]
In 1872, the residents of Bech, Kleinmacher and Schwebsange, petitioned the Chamber of Deputies to separate them from the commune of Wellenstein. [3] The dispute dragged on for a long time. [3] Finally, at a session of the Chamber on 20 December 1878, it was established that tensions had died down. [3] This was due to the fact that the post of mayor, which had been filled by a Wellenstein resident for 18 years, was recently awarded to someone from a different part of the commune. [3] In the end, the communal council unanimously decided to withdraw its petition of 1872. [3]
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Schengen is a small wine-making village and commune in far south-eastern Luxembourg, on the western bank of the river Moselle. The commune border includes the tripoint where the borders of Germany, France, and Luxembourg meet.
The District of Grevenmacher was one of three districts of Luxembourg. It contained three cantons divided into 25 communes:
Forêts was a department of the French First Republic, and later the First French Empire, in present-day Belgium, Luxembourg, and Germany. Its name, meaning 'forests', comes from the Ardennes forests. It was formed on 24 October 1795, after the Austrian Netherlands had been annexed by France on 1 October. Before annexation, the territory was part of the Duchy of Luxembourg and small parts of the Duchy of Bouillon. Its capital was Luxembourg City.
Esch-sur-Alzette is a canton in southwestern Luxembourg. Its capital is Esch-sur-Alzette.
Bous is a former commune and small town in south-eastern Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Remich.
Burmerange is a village in south-eastern Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Remich, which is part of the district of Grevenmacher.
Dalheim is a commune and town in south-eastern Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Remich, which is part of the district of Grevenmacher.
Mondorf-les-Bains is a commune and town in south-eastern Luxembourg.
Waldbredimus is a small town and former commune in south-eastern Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Remich, which is part of the district of Grevenmacher. The commune's administrative centre is Trintange.
Wellenstein is a small town in southeastern Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Remich, which is part of the district of Grevenmacher.
The Moselle Valley is a region in north-eastern France, south-western Germany, and eastern Luxembourg, centred on the river valley formed by the river Moselle. The Moselle runs through, and along the borders of, the three countries, and drains a fourth, Belgium.
Trintange is a small town in the commune of Waldbredimus, in south-eastern Luxembourg. As of 2005, the town has a population of 262. It is the administrative centre of Waldbredimus commune.
Luxembourgish wine is primarily produced in the southeastern part of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, with vineyards overlooking the river Moselle. Along this river, which for 42 km makes up part of the border between Luxembourg and Germany, wine is made in three countries. There is a continuous history of winemaking along Moselle and in Luxembourg going back to Ancient Roman times. Wine production in 2006/07 was 123,652 hectoliter from 1,237 hectares of vineyards. Out of total wine exports of 87,776 hectoliter in 2005/06, 71,726 hectoliter or 82% was exported to nearby Belgium. Exports to Germany were the second largest at 8,168 hectoliter, or 9%, and is to a large extent made up of base wine in bulk for the production of blended Sekt rather than being sold bottled with "Luxembourg" anywhere on the label. Therefore, very little Luxembourgish wine is seen outside Luxembourg and Belgium.
The Obermosel-Zeitung was a German-language newspaper published in Luxembourg between 1881 and 1948. In 1948, it merged into the Lëtzebuerger Journal.
Nico Klopp (1894–1930) was a Luxembourg painter remembered above all for his post-impressionist paintings of scenes on the River Moselle where he lived.
Tourism in Luxembourg is an important component of the national economy, representing about 8.3% of GDP in 2009 and employing some 25,000 people or 11.7% of the working population. Despite the 2008–2012 global recession, the Grand Duchy still welcomes over 900,000 visitors a year who spend an average of 2.5 nights in hotels, hostels or on camping sites. Business travel is flourishing representing 44% of overnight stays in the country and 60% in the capital, up 11% and 25% between 2009 and 2010. Published by the World Economic Forum in March 2011, the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report puts Luxembourg in 15th place worldwide, up from 23rd place in 2009.
The France–Luxembourg border stretches 73 kilometers in length, to the northeast of France and to the south of Luxembourg.
Bous-Waldbredimus is a commune in south-eastern Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Remich. It was established on 1 September 2023 with the merger of the communes of Bous and Waldbredimus.
Partial general elections were held in Luxembourg on 30 July 1860, electing 15 members of the Assembly of Estates. The elections took place in Echternach, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg-Campagne, Mersch, Redange, Remich, and Wiltz.