Capital punishment in Libya

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Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Libya. Libya is classified as a "retentionist" state. [1] [2] Its last known executions were carried out in 2010. [3] The execution method is shooting. [4]

Libya is believed to have handed down death sentences in 2021, but the number is unknown. The World Coalition Against the Death Penalty estimates there are 500 people under sentence of death in Libya; [5] Amnesty International, on the other hand, states that a figure cannot be established for Libya. [6]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Capital punishment by country</span> Overview of the use of capital punishment in several countries

Capital punishment, also called the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as a punishment for a crime. It has historically been used in almost every part of the world. By the 2020s, many countries had abolished or discontinued the practice. In 2022, the 5 countries that executed the most people were, in descending order: China, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and the United States.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Guatemala, and is carried out by lethal injection and, to a lesser extent, the firing squad. It is only in military codes of justice, and was abolished for civilian offences in October 2017.

Capital punishment in Kazakhstan was abolished for all crimes in 2021. Until 2021, it had been abolished for ordinary crimes but was still permitted for crimes occurring in special circumstances. The legal method of execution in Kazakhstan had been shooting, specifically a single shot to the back of the head.

Capital punishment in Chile is legally sanctioned, albeit with significant limitations. Since its abolition for civilian offenses in 2001, its application has been restricted to military personnel convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during wartime. This places Chile among the seven countries globally that have abolished capital punishment solely for ordinary crimes.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Grenada. Despite its legality, there have been no executions since 1978. Grenada is considered "abolitionist in practice", and is currently the only country in The Americas in this category. There is currently one person on death row in Grenada, as of August 30, 2021. During its United Nations Universal Periodic Review on January 27, 2020, Grenada told the UN that it is a de facto abolitionist state with a de facto moratorium with effect since 1978, and that it will not carry out any executions. Abolishing capital punishment in law was part of one of the amendments during the failed 2016 Grenadian constitutional referendum. Grenada voted against the United Nations moratorium on the death penalty in 2007, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and most recently, in 2020. Grenada is not a member state of the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Myanmar. It is classified as "Retentionist." Before 25 July 2022, Myanmar was considered "Abolitionist in Practice," meaning a country has not executed anyone in the past ten years or more and is believed to have an established practice or policy against carrying out executions. Between 1988 and 2022, no legal executions were carried out in the country. In July 2022, four democratic activists, including Zayar Thaw and Kyaw Min Yu, were executed.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Eritrea. The execution methods allowed under the law of the country are hanging and shooting. However, Eritrea is considered "Abolitionist in Practice." Eritrea's last execution took place in 1989. There is currently no one under sentence of death in Eritrea. Eritrea voted in favor of the 2020 United Nations moratorium on the death penalty.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Guyana. Despite its legality, no executions have been carried out since 1997. However, due to a lack of "an established practice or policy against carrying out executions," Guyana is classified as "Retentionist." Guyana is the only country in South America that retains capital punishment for ordinary crimes.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Trinidad and Tobago. The method of execution is hanging. Its last execution was of Anthony Briggs for murder on 28 July 1999. However, the country is still considered "retentionist' due to a lack of "an established practice or policy against carrying out executions." Trinidad and Tobago is the only country in the Americas that retains the mandatory death penalty for murder.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Liberia. However, Liberia is classified as a state that is "abolitionist in practice." Liberia last executed in 2000.

Capital punishment was a legal penalty in Zambia until 2022. Despite its former legality, the country had not carried out any execution since 1997. Zambia was considered "Abolitionist in Practice".

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Ghana only for high treason. Ghana last executed a criminal in 1993. It is considered "abolitionist in practice." Capital punishment was a mandatory sentence for certain ordinary criminal offenses until 2023.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Mali. Despite its legality, Mali has not executed anyone since 1980. Mali is considered "Abolitionist in Practice."

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Niger. Despite its legality, the last known execution in the country was carried out in 1976 for treason. Niger is classified as "Abolitionist in Practice." There were no new death sentences recorded in 2021. There were 4 people on death row in Niger at the end of 2021.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland. Despite its legality, no executions have been carried out since 1983. Therefore, Eswatini is classified as "abolitionist in practice."

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Tanzania. Tanzania has two capital offences: treason and murder. The death penalty is the mandatory sentence for murder.

Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Tunisia. Despite its legality, no executions have been carried out since 1990. Tunisia is classified as "Abolitionist in Practice."

Capital punishment in Gabon was officially abolished for all crimes in 2010. Gabon's last execution took place in 1985. Prior to abolition, Gabon was classified as de facto abolitionist, or "abolitionist in practice," due to the length of time since their last execution.

Capital punishment was abolished by constitution in the Ivory Coast in 2000. However, there were reports in August 2011 of 26 extrajudicial executions, "including that of a 17-month-old baby". The Ivory Coast is not a state party to the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

Capital punishment was abolished in Namibia in 1990. The last execution was carried out in 1988, under the rule of South Africa.

References

  1. ↑ "Abolitionist and retentionist countries (as of July 2018)". Amnesty International. 23 October 2018. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
  2. ↑ "Libya". World Coalition Against the Death Penalty . Retrieved 25 July 2022.
  3. ↑ "Libya". World Coalition Against the Death Penalty . Retrieved 25 July 2022.
  4. ↑ "Libya". World Coalition Against the Death Penalty . Retrieved 25 July 2022.
  5. ↑ "Libya". World Coalition Against the Death Penalty . Retrieved 25 July 2022.
  6. ↑ "Death sentences and executions 2021". Amnesty International. 24 May 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
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