The Aurantimonadaceae are a small family of marine bacteria.
Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption. Biological pigments include plant pigments and flower pigments. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores. In some species, pigments accrue over very long periods during an individual's lifespan.
The Gemmatimonadota are a phylum of bacteria established in 2003. The phylum contains two classes Gemmatimonadetes and Longimicrobia.
γ-Carotene (gamma-carotene) is a carotenoid, and is a biosynthetic intermediate for cyclized carotenoid synthesis in plants. It is formed from cyclization of lycopene by lycopene cyclase epsilon. Along with several other carotenoids, γ-carotene is a vitamer of vitamin A in herbivores and omnivores. Carotenoids with a cyclized, beta-ionone ring can be converted to vitamin A, also known as retinol, by the enzyme beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase; however, the bioconversion of γ-carotene to retinol has not been well-characterized. γ-Carotene has tentatively been identified as a biomarker for green and purple sulfur bacteria in a sample from the 1.640 ± 0.003-Gyr-old Barney Creek Formation in Northern Australia which comprises marine sediments. Tentative discovery of γ-carotene in marine sediments implies a past euxinic environment, where water columns were anoxic and sulfidic. This is significant for reconstructing past oceanic conditions, but so far γ-carotene has only been potentially identified in the one measured sample.
Collimonas is a genus of bacteria in the family Oxalobacteraceae. Culturable representatives of this genus have the ability to lyse chitin, to use fungal hyphae as a source of food, to produce antifungal molecules and to be effective at weathering.
Tamlana is a genus in the phylum Bacteroidota (Bacteria). Two species have been described so far: T. agarivorans and T. crocina.
Collimonas arenae is a bacterium of the genus Collimonas in the Oxalobacteraceae family which was isolated from seminatural grassland soils on Wadden Island near Terschelling.
Collimonas pratensis is a bacterium of the genus Collimonas in the Oxalobacteraceae family which was isolated with Collimonas arenae from seminatural grassland soils in the Netherlands. C. pratensis grows in meadow soils.
Sphingomonas jaspsi is a Gram-negative, aerobic, pleomorphic and motile bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from fresh water in Misasa in Japan. Sphingomonas jaspsi produces carotenoid.
Bizionia is a strictly aerobic genus from the family of Flavobacteriaceae which produce carotenoids. Bizionia is named after Bartolomeo Bizio.
Sphingobacterium arenae is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Sphingobacterium which has been isolated from sandy soil in Xinjiang in China.
Dinoroseobacter shibae is a facultative anaerobic anoxygenic photoheterotroph belonging to the family, Rhodobacteraceae. First isolated from washed cultivated dinoflagellates, they have been reported to have mutualistic as well as pathogenic symbioses with dinoflagellates.
Dokdonia is a genus of bacteria in the family Flavobacteriaceae and phylum Bacteroidota.
Litoreibacter arenae is a Gram-negative, and short rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Litoreibacter which has been isolated from sand from the Homi Cape in Korea.
Miniimonas is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped and non-motile genus of bacteria from the family of Beutenbergiaceae, which has been isolated from sea sand.
Robiginitalea myxolifaciens is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Robiginitalea which has been isolated from marine sediments from Okinawa. Robiginitalea myxolifaciens produces the carotenoid (3R,2′S)-myxol.
Tessaracoccus arenae is a Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus Tessaracoccus which has been isolated from sea sand.
Cytophagales is an order of non-spore forming, rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacteria that move through a gliding or flexing motion. These chemoorganotrophs are important remineralizers of organic materials into micronutrients. They are widely dispersed in the environment, found in ecosystems including soil, freshwater, seawater and sea ice. Cytophagales is included in the Bacteroidota phylum.
Cerasicoccus frondis is a Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic bacterium from the genus of Cerasicoccus which has been isolated from seawater.
Flavicella marina is a Gram-negative, mesophilic, rod-shaped, aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Flavicella which has been isolated from surface seawater near Muroto, Japan. Flavicella marina produces carotenoid.
