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Champaran | |
|---|---|
Region | |
  Champaran Location in Bihar, India  Champaran Champaran (Bihar) | |
| Coordinates: 26°50′37″N84°40′57″E / 26.8437°N 84.6826°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Bihar |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
Champaran is a region in Bihar, India. [1] It is now divided into two districts: East Champaran and West Champaran.
Champaran is identified with the Champāraṇya mentioned in the Bheraghat inscription as a place "devastated" by the Kalachuri king Yashaḥkarṇa (11th/12th century). [2]
In 1917, Mahatma Gandhi led a satyagraha movement in the Champaran district against the policies enforced by European landowners and the colonial government. These policies coerced local farmers into cultivating indigo at unfairly low prices. In response to Gandhi's leadership, the British authorities initially arrested him but later released him, subsequently amending the laws to alleviate the plight of the peasants. This marked Gandhi's first campaign in India and a significant triumph for the principles of civil disobedience. [3]
Freedom Fighter and author Ramesh Chandra Jha was the first person who penned down the rich literary history of Champaran. His research based books including Champaran Ki Sahitya Sadhana (चम्पारन की साहित्य साधना) (1958), Champaran:Literature & Literary Writers (चम्पारन: साहित्य और साहित्यकार) (1967) and Apne Aur Sapne:A Literary Journey Of Champaran (अपने और सपने: चम्पारन की साहित्य यात्रा) (1988) meticulously document the rich literary heritage and history of Champaran, Bihar. These seminal books continue to serve as foundational reference points for researchers, scholars, Ph.D. students, and journalists alike. Jha's insightful exploration and preservation of Champaran's historical and literary legacy have solidified his place as a cornerstone in the field of literary research. [4]
Sachchidananda Hirananda Vatsyayan, popularly known by his pen name Agyeya, was an Indian writer, poet, novelist, literary critic, journalist, translator and revolutionary in Hindi language. He pioneered modern trends in Hindi poetry, as well as in fiction, criticism and journalism. He is regarded as the pioneer of the Prayogavaad (experimentalism) movement in modern Hindi literature.
West Champaran is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India, located just 60 km (37 mi) west of Birgunj. It is the largest district in Bihar with an area of 5,228 km2(2,019sq mi). It is a part of Tirhut Division. The district headquarters are located in Bettiah. The district is known for its open border with Nepal. One of the major location in West Champaran is Kumar Bagh for SAIL Special Processing Unit and Bhitiharwa where Mahatma Gandhi started Satyagrah Aandolan.
East Champaran or Purvi Champaran is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India.The district headquarter is located at Motihari. Prior to 1971, there was a single Champaran District. On 1 December 1971, it was divided into East and West Champaran. In early days the land of East Chamapran was ruled by different kingdoms as Videha, Sunga, Kanvas. It is also believed that Champaran used to be a major part of King Janak's empire. Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Satyagraha movement from here.
Bettiah is a city and the administrative headquarters of West Champaran district - (Tirhut). It is near the Indo-Nepal border, 225 kilometres (140 mi) northwest of Patna, in the state of Bihar, India.
Motihari is a city and headquarters of East Champaran district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is located 80 kilometres west of Muzaffarpur and 152 kilometres northwest of the state capital Patna. In early days the land of Motihari was ruled by different kingdoms as Videha, Sunga, Kanvas. It is also believed that Champaran used to be a major part of King Janak's empire. Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Satyagraha movement from here.
Ramavriksha Benipuri was an independence activist, socialist leader, editor and Hindi writer. He was born in a small village named Benipur in Muzaffarpur district in a Bhumihar Brahmin family in the Indian state of Bihar. He had spent nine years in prison for fighting for India's independence. He was the founder of Bihar Socialist Party in 1931 and Congress Socialist Party in 1934. He served as the president of Patna District Congress Committee of Indian National Congress from 1935 to 1937 during the 1937 Indian provincial elections. He was elected as the Member of the Legislative Assembly (India) from Katra North in 1957. In 1958, he was elected as the Syndicate Member of Bihar University, Muzaffarpur.
Mithila, also known as Tirhut, Tirabhukti and Mithilanchal, is a geographical and cultural region of the Indian subcontinent bounded by the Mahananda River in the east, the Ganges in the south, the Gandaki River in the west and by the foothills of the Himalayas in the north. It comprises certain parts of Bihar and Jharkhand of India and adjoining districts of the Koshi Province, Bagmati Pradesh and Madhesh Province of Nepal. The native language in Mithila is Maithili, and its speakers are referred to as Maithils.
Bihar has produced a number of poets and writers in its languages like Bhojpuri Maithili language, Magahi language, Angika and Bajjika including Bhikhari Thakur, Heera Dom, Viveki Rai, Satishwar Sahay Verma, Pandey Kapil etc. are writers of Bhojpuri, Vidyapati in Maithili. Besides its regional languages, Bihar has also produced writers in English such as Anilchandra Thakur Raj Kamal Jha, Amitava Kumar, Tabish Khair, Abdullah Khan, Abhay K, Siddhartha Chowdhury; and Hindi including Raja Radhika Raman Prasad Sinha, Acharya Ramlochan Saran, Acharya Shivpujan Sahay, Divakar Prasad Vidyarthy, Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar', Ram Briksh Benipuri, Phanishwar Nath 'Renu', Gopal Singh "Nepali", Ramesh Chandra Jha and Baba Nagarjun. Writer and Buddhist scholar Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan was born in Uttar Pradesh but spent his life in the land of Buddha, i.e., Bihar.
Litterateur and parliamentarian Shankar Dayal Singh was twice elected to the Parliament of India. He was one of the youngest members of the Fifth Lok Sabha, in which he represented the Chatra parliamentary constituency in Bihar. Contesting his maiden Lok Sabha election in 1971, he defeated Smt. Vijaya Raje, the wife of Sri Kamakhya Narayan Singh, Raja of Ramgarh. He was again elected to the upper house, the Rajya Sabha, in 1990 from Bihar.
Ravindra Prabhat is a Hindi-language novelist, journalist, poet, and short story writer from India.
Ramesh Chandra Jha(8 May 1928 – 7 April 1994) was an Indian poet, novelist and freedom fighter. Son of a senior gandhian and freedom fighter Lakshmi Narayan Jha, who also contributed in Indian Freedom Struggle from Bihar. His maternal grandson Sanjeev K Jha is well-known Screenwriter who is working in Indian film industry. Ramesh Chandra Jha's poems, ghazals and stories evoke patriotism and human values. Romanticism and struggle of life are also important aspects of his writing. His poetry expresses concerns of people's life struggle, their dreams and hopes.
Jha is a surname of Maithil Brahmins native to the Mithila region of India and Nepal. Notable people with the name include:
Dr. Shailendra Nath Shrivastava was an Indian essayist and poet, who wrote in Hindi, English and Bhojpuri. His body of work comprised over 100 publication of books like poetry, biographies, essays, Literary criticism etc. he also featured in more than 120 programs/broadcast of All India Radio / Doordarshan Patna and Delhi branch. He visited many foreign countries such as England, Scotland, Wales, France, Germany, Holland, Mauritius and Nepal. He was former Indian politician from Bihar born at Chausa, Bhojpur district. In 1980 he was elected to Bihar Legislative Assembly and in 1989, he was elected to Lok Sabha from Patna constituency of Bihar. He was a recipient of the civilian honor of Padma Shri (2003).
Bismil Azimabadi was an Indian freedom fighter, landlord, and an Urdu poet from Patna, the capital of Bihar.
Rameshraj Tewarikar is a Hindi scholar, poet. He is famous for his distinctive talent in the area of Satire and Rasa, and they are one of the major scholars who develop the Tewari and Rasa tradition of poetry.
Sanjeev K Jha is an Indian screenwriter based in Mumbai. In the 68th National Film Awards Sanjeev's feature film Sumi bag national awards in two categories, National Film Award for Best Children's Film and National Film Award for Best Child Artist.
Laxmi Narayan Sudhanshu (1906–1974) was an Indian writer, litterateur, poet, independent activist and political leader. He won the 1952 Bihar Legislative Assembly election from an assembly seat in Purnia. He also held the post of Speaker of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from 1962 to 1967. Sudhanshu is known for actively participating in the Quit India Movement in 1942. He was imprisoned in Bhagalpur jail by the Britishers.
Chanda Jha also known as Kavi Chandra was the first poet who wrote Ramayana in Maithili language. The version of Ramayana written by him is known as Maithili Bhasha Ramayana.