The Nez Perce are an Indigenous people of the Plateau who still live on a fraction of the lands on the southeastern Columbia River Plateau in the Pacific Northwest. This region has been occupied for at least 11,500 years.
Walla Walla,Walawalałáma,sometimes Walúulapam,are a Sahaptin Indigenous people of the Northwest Plateau. The duplication in their name expresses the diminutive form. The name Walla Walla is translated several ways but most often as "many waters".
The Cayuse are a Native American tribe in what is now the state of Oregon in the United States. The Cayuse tribe shares a reservation and government in northeastern Oregon with the Umatilla and the Walla Walla tribes as part of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. The reservation is located near Pendleton,Oregon,at the base of the Blue Mountains.
The Blue Mountains are a mountain range in the northwestern United States,located largely in northeastern Oregon and stretching into extreme southeastern Washington. The range has an area of about 15,000 square miles (39,000 km2),stretching east and southeast of Pendleton,Oregon,to the Snake River along the Oregon–Idaho border.
The Umatilla are a Sahaptin-speaking Native American tribe who traditionally inhabited the Columbia Plateau region of the northwestern United States,along the Umatilla and Columbia rivers.
The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation are the federally recognized confederations of three Sahaptin-speaking Native American tribes who traditionally inhabited the Columbia River Plateau region:the Cayuse,Umatilla,and Walla Walla.
The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation near Pendleton in eastern Oregon. It is the only Native American museum along the Oregon Trail. The institute is dedicated to the culture of the Cayuse,Umatilla,and Walla Walla tribes of Native Americans. The main permanent exhibition of the museum provides a history of the culture of three tribes,and of the reservation itself. The museum also has a second hall for temporary exhibitions of specific types of Native American art,craftwork,history,and folklore related to the tribes.
The Umatilla Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. It was created by The Treaty of 9 June 1855 between the United States and members of the Walla,Cayuse,and Umatilla tribes. It lies in northeastern Oregon,east of Pendleton. The reservation is mostly in Umatilla County,with a very small part extending south into Union County. It is managed by the three Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation.
The Whitman massacre was the killing of American missionaries Marcus and Narcissa Whitman,along with eleven others,on November 29,1847. They were killed by a small group of Cayuse men who suspected that Whitman had poisoned the 200 Cayuse in his medical care during an outbreak of measles that included the Whitman household. The killings occurred at the Whitman Mission at the junction of the Walla Walla River and Mill Creek in what is now southeastern Washington near Walla Walla. The massacre became a decisive episode in the U.S. settlement of the Pacific Northwest,causing the United States Congress to take action declaring the territorial status of the Oregon Country. The Oregon Territory was established on August 14,1848,to protect the white settlers.
The Cayuse War (1847-1855) was an armed conflict between the Cayuse people of the Northwestern United States and settlers,backed by the U.S. government. The conflict was triggered by the Whitman massacre of 1847,where the Cayuse attacked a missionary outpost in response to a deadly measles epidemic that they believed was caused by Marcus Whitman. Over the next few years,the Provisional Government of Oregon and later the United States Army battled the Native Americans east of the Cascades. This was the first of several wars between the Native Americans and American settlers in that region that would lead to the negotiations between the United States and Native Americans of the Columbia Plateau,creating several Indian reservations.
Piupiumaksmaks was head chief of the Walla Walla tribe and son to the preceding chief Tumatapum. His name meant Yellow Bird,but it was often mistranslated as Yellow Serpent by Europeans.
Lee Moorhouse (1850–1926) of Pendleton,Oregon,United States,was a photographer and an Indian agent for the Umatilla Indian Reservation. From 1888 to 1916,he produced over 9,000 images documenting urban,rural,and Native American life in the Columbia Basin,and particularly Umatilla County,Oregon.
The Umatilla River is an 89-mile (143 km) tributary of the Columbia River in northern Umatilla County,Oregon,United States. Draining a basin of 2,450 square miles (6,300 km2),it enters the Columbia near the city of Umatilla in the northeastern part of the state. In downstream order,beginning at the headwaters,major tributaries of the Umatilla River are the North Fork Umatilla River and the South Fork Umatilla River,then Meacham,McKay,Birch,and Butter creeks.
The Walla Walla Council (1855) was a meeting in the Pacific Northwest between the United States and sovereign tribal nations of the Cayuse,Nez Perce,Umatilla,Walla Walla,and Yakama. The council occurred on May 29 –June 11;the treaties signed at this council on June 9 were ratified by the U.S. Senate four years later in 1859.
Wildhorse Resort &Casino is a casino owned and operated since 1994 by the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is located 5 mi (8 km) east of Pendleton,on the Umatilla Indian Reservation,near Interstate 84.
Gibbon is an unincorporated community in Umatilla County,Oregon,United States. It is about 20 miles (32 km) east of Pendleton on the Umatilla Indian Reservation,near the Umatilla River.
The history of Walla Walla,Washington begins with the settling of Oregon Country,Fort Nez Percés,the Whitman Mission and Walla Walla County,Washington.
The Battle of Walla Walla was the longest battle fought during the Yakima War. The battle began on December 7,1855,and ended on December 11,1855. The battle was fought between six companies of the Oregon Mounted Volunteers and the Walla Walla. Fighting alongside the Walla Walla were members of several different tribes,such as the Cayuse,Palouse and Yakama.
Fort Henrietta Historic Park is a public urban park,located in the city of Echo,Oregon,United States. The park is located on the east bank of the Umatilla River and overlooks the original site of Utilla Indian Agency,the first agency for the Umatilla,Cayuse and Walla Walla Indian tribes in 1855 the Oregon Mounted Volunteers built Fort Henrietta on the agency site. The fort and agency were on the west river bank. The park is named for the fort which was named for Henrietta Haller,wife of Major Granville O. Haller,an American military officer during the Cayuse War.
Roberta "Bobbie" Conner,also known as Sísaawipam,is a tribal historian,activist,and indigenous leader who traces her ancestry to the Umatilla,Cayuse,and Nez Perce tribes. Conner is known for her work as the Director of the Tamástslikt Cultural Institute in Pendleton,Oregon,which seeks to protect,preserve,and promote the culture of the Umatilla,Cayuse,and Walla Walla peoples. In her role at the Tamástslikt Cultural Institute Conner has worked to educate the public on and preserve Indigenous culture through the "We Are," "We Were," and "We Will Be" series of exhibits,and has mentored young scholars interested in tribal cultural preservation. Conner has also sought to educate the public and fight for Native American rights in her personal life as an activist,with a special emphasis on the impact of the division into Tribal Nations and segregation into boarding schools on indigenous cultures,tribal land rights,sustainability,and the repatriation of human remains and funerary objects to Native American lands.
