| Chief of Staff of the Italian Army | |
|---|---|
| Capo di stato maggiore dell'Esercito Italiano (Italian) | |
 Flag of the Chief of Staff of the Italian Army | |
 Italian Army | |
| Abbreviation | CSME |
| Member of | Army Staff |
| Reports to | Chief of the Defence Staff |
| Formation | 1 September 1882 |
| First holder | Enrico Cosenz |
The Chief of Staff of the Italian Army refers to the Chiefs of Staffs of the Royal Italian Army from 1882 to 1946 and the Italian Army from 1946 to the present.
| No. | Portrait | Chiefs of Staff of the Royal Italian Army | Took office | Left office | Time in office |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lieutenant General Enrico Cosenz (1820–1898) | 1 September 1882 | 1 December 1893 | 11 years, 91 days | |
| 2 | Lieutenant General Domenico Primerano (1829–1911) | 1 December 1893 | 1 June 1896 | 2 years, 183 days | |
| 3 | Lieutenant General Tancredi Saletta (1840–1909) | 1 June 1896 | 27 June 1908 | 12 years, 23 days | |
| 4 | Lieutenant General Alberto Pollio (1852–1914) | 1 July 1908 | 1 July 1914 † | 6 years | |
| 5 | Lieutenant General Luigi Cadorna (1850–1928) [lower-alpha 1] | 10 July 1914 | 9 November 1917 | 3 years, 122 days | |
| 6 | Lieutenant General Armando Diaz (1861–1928) | 9 November 1917 | 24 November 1919 | 2 years, 15 days | |
| 7 | General of the Army Pietro Badoglio (1871–1956) | 24 November 1919 | 3 February 1921 | 1 year, 71 days | |
| 8 | Lieutenant General Giuseppe Vaccari (1866–1937) | 3 February 1921 | 1 May 1923 | 2 years, 87 days | |
| 9 | Lieutenant General Giuseppe Francesco Ferrari (1865–1943) | 1 May 1923 | 4 May 1925 | 2 years, 3 days | |
| (7) | General of the Army Pietro Badoglio (1871–1956) | 4 May 1925 | 1 February 1927 | 1 year, 273 days | |
| (9) | Lieutenant General Giuseppe Francesco Ferrari (1865–1943) | 1 February 1927 | 25 February 1928 | 1 year, 14 days | |
| 10 | Generale di Corpo d'Armata Nicola Gualtieri (1866–1953) | 29 July 1928 | 4 February 1929 | 190 days | |
| 11 | Generale di Corpo d'Armata Alberto Bonzani (1872–1935) | 4 February 1929 | 1 October 1934 | 5 years, 239 days | |
| 12 | Generale Designato d'Armata Federico Baistrocchi (1871–1947) | 1 October 1934 | 7 October 1936 | 2 years, 6 days | |
| 13 | Generale Designato d'Armata Alberto Pariani (1876–1955) | 7 October 1936 | 3 November 1939 | 3 years, 27 days | |
| 14 | Marshal of Italy Rodolfo Graziani (1882–1955) | 3 November 1939 | 24 March 1941 | 1 year, 141 days | |
| 15 | Generale di Corpo d'Armata Mario Roatta (1887–1968) | 24 March 1941 | 20 January 1942 | 302 days | |
| 16 | Generale Designato d'Armata Vittorio Ambrosio (1879–1958) | 20 January 1942 | 1 February 1943 | 1 year, 12 days | |
| 17 | Generale Designato d'Armata Ezio Rosi (1881–1963) | 2 February 1943 | 18 May 1943 | 105 days | |
| – | Generale di Corpo d'Armata Giuseppe De Stefanis (1885–1965) Acting | 19 May 1943 | 31 May 1943 | 12 days | |
| (15) | Generale di Corpo d'Armata Mario Roatta (1887–1968) | 1 June 1943 | 18 November 1943 | 170 days | |
| 18 | Generale di Corpo d'Armata Paolo Berardi (1885–1953) | 18 November 1943 | 10 February 1945 | 1 year, 84 days | |
| 19 | Generale di Brigata Ercole Ronco (1890–1967) | 10 February 1945 | 4 July 1945 | 144 days | |
| 20 | Generale di Divisione Raffaele Cadorna Jr. (1889–1973) | 4 July 1945 | 13 June 1946 | 344 days |
Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino, was an Italian general during both World Wars and the first viceroy of Italian East Africa. With the fall of the Fascist regime in Italy, he became Prime Minister of Italy.
General Sir Alan Gordon Cunningham, was a senior officer of the British Army noted for his victories over Italian forces in the East African Campaign during the Second World War. He then commanded Eighth Army in the desert campaign, but was relieved of command during the Crusader battle against Erwin Rommel. Later he served as the seventh and last High Commissioner of Palestine. He was the younger brother of Admiral of the Fleet Lord Cunningham of Hyndhope.
Alexandros Papagos was a Greek army officer who led the Hellenic Army in World War II and the later stages of the subsequent Greek Civil War. The only Greek career officer to rise to the rank of Field Marshal, Papagos became the first Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff from 1950 until his resignation the following year. He then entered politics, founding the nationalist Greek Rally party and becoming the country's Prime Minister after his victory in the 1952 elections. His premiership was shaped by the Cold War and the aftermath of the Greek Civil War, and was defined by several key events, including Greece becoming a member of NATO; U.S. military bases being allowed on Greek territory and the formation of a powerful and vehemently anti-communist security apparatus. Papagos' tenure also saw the start of the Greek economic miracle, and rising tensions with Britain and Turkey during the Cyprus Emergency over the Cyprus issue.
Vittorio Ambrosio was an Italian general who served in the Italo-Turkish War, World War I, and World War II. During the last phase of World War II Ambrosio supported the fall of Benito Mussolini and Italy's eventual renunciation of the German alliance.
General Paramasiva Prabhakar Kumaramangalam, DSO, MBE, FRHS was the 6th Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) of the Indian Army from 1967 to 1969. He was one of the last British-trained King's Commissioned Indian Officer (KCIO) to serve in the Indian Army, and the last KCIO to lead the Indian Army.
The Allied leaders of World War II listed below comprise the important political and military figures who fought for or supported the Allies during World War II. Engaged in total war, they had to adapt to new types of modern warfare, on the military, psychological and economic fronts.
The Axis leaders of World War II were important political and military figures during World War II. The Axis was established with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in 1940 and pursued a strongly militarist and nationalist ideology; with a policy of anti-communism. During the early phase of the war, puppet governments were established in their occupied nations. When the war ended, many of them faced trial for war crimes. The chief leaders were Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany, Benito Mussolini of Fascist Italy, and Hirohito of Imperial Japan. Unlike what happened with the Allies, there was never a joint meeting of the main Axis heads of government, although Mussolini and Hitler met on a regular basis.
Ubaldo Soddu was an Italian general and politician who held the position of Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army and Undersecretary of State for War during the initial phases of World War II. On 13 June 1940, immediately after the outbreak of hostilities with France and the United Kingdom, he assumed the position of deputy chief of the General Staff. Promoted to army general, he replaced general Sebastiano Visconti Prasca as commander of the Albanian Higher Troop Command during the Greco-Italian War on 8 November 1940. Because of the defeat Italian troops suffered between 22 and 23 November 1940, he was replaced after four weeks in command by the Italian Royal Army's chief of staff, General Ugo Cavallero.
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Arthur John Power, was a Royal Navy officer. He took part in the First World War as a gunnery officer and saw action in the Dardanelles campaign. During the inter-war years he commanded the gunnery school at HMS Excellent and then the aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal. During the Second World War he played a leading role in the planning for the Allied invasion of Sicily and for the Allied invasion of Italy and then commanded the naval forces for the actual landing of V Corps at Taranto in Italy in September 1943. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Fleet in the closing stages of the war and conducted naval strikes on the Imperial Japanese Army in Borneo and Malaya. After the War he became Second Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Personnel, Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet and then Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth.
The Allied leaders of World War I were the political and military figures that fought for or supported the Allied Powers during World War I.
Ernest Peterlin was a Slovene military officer who rose to a senior position in the Royal Yugoslav Army prior to the Second World War. Married to Anja Roman Rezelj. A decided anti-Communist, during the war he became a prominent anti-Partisan military leader and one of the main exponents of the pro-Western faction of the Slovene Home Guard, an anti-Communist collaborationist militia active in parts of German-occupied Slovenia between 1943 and 1945. In 1945, he was tried and sentenced to death by the new Yugoslav Communist authorities and executed in 1946.
General Sir Patrick John Howard-Dobson, was a senior British Army officer and Quartermaster-General to the Forces.
General Sir William Duthie Morgan, was a British Army officer. During the Second World War, he commanded the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations during the late stage of the war.
Milorad Petrović was an Armijski đeneral in the Royal Yugoslav Army who commanded the 1st Army Group during the April 1941 German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia of World War II. Petrović was commissioned into the Royal Serbian Army in 1901 and served in multiple staff positions during the Balkan Wars. During World War I, he served in various staff roles at the army and divisional level during the Serbian Campaign and later on the Macedonian front. Following the war, he took part in military operations along the disputed northern border of the nascent Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. During the interwar period, Petrović was steadily promoted, performing key roles at the Ministry of the Army and Navy. He reached the rank of armijski đeneral in 1937. At the time of the 27 March 1941 Yugoslav coup d'état, he was the military commander of the Yugoslav capital, Belgrade.
The Chief of the Defence Staff of Italy is the service head of the Italian Armed Forces.
General Count Thord C:son (Carlsson) Bonde af Björnö was a Swedish Army officer. His senior commands include military commander of the VII Military District in 1955, commander of the III Military District from 1955 to 1957 and Chief of the Army from 1957 to 1963.
General Oscar Eugène Nygren was a Swedish Army officer. Nygren's military career spanned over four decades, marked by a series of senior appointments. Beginning as a second lieutenant in the Hälsinge Regiment in 1892, he underwent extensive training, including attending the Royal Swedish Army Staff College and serving as a cadet at the General Staff. Nygren steadily ascended the ranks, reaching the positions of major, Vice Chief of the Military Office of the Ministry of Land Defence, and lieutenant colonel at the General Staff.
The Chief of Staff of the Italian Air Force refers to the Chiefs of Staffs of the Royal Italian Air Force from 1926 to 1946 and the Italian Air Force from 1946 to the present.
József Grassy was a Hungarian military officer in the Royal Hungarian Army who, in the Second World War, commanded Hungarian divisions as an SS-Gruppenführer and Generalleutnant of the Waffen-SS. After the war, he was convicted of war crimes and executed.
Melchiade Gabba was an Italian general during the Fascist period, who served as commander of the Royal Corps of Colonial Troops of Eritrea and Chief of Staff of the East Africa High Command during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. From 27 July 1943 to 24 February 1944 he was Minister of Italian Africa of the Badoglio I Cabinet. He was also a Senator of the Kingdom of Italy from 1939 to 1944.
 Esercito Italiano (Army)  Marina Militare (Navy)  Aeronautica Militare (Air Force)  Arma dei Carabinieri (Gendarmerie) | |||||||
| Leadership | |||||||
| Ranks |
| ||||||
