The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT,is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology,to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy,and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament. Between 1965 and 1968,the treaty was negotiated by the Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament,a United Nations-sponsored organization based in Geneva,Switzerland.
The United States National Security Council (NSC) is the national security council used by the president of the United States for consideration of national security,military,and foreign policy matters. Based in the White House,it is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States,and composed of senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials.
William Howard Taft IV is an American diplomat and attorney who served in the United States government under several Republican administrations. He is a son of William Howard Taft III and a great-grandson of President William Howard Taft.
The Hatch Act of 1939,An Act to Prevent Pernicious Political Activities,is a United States federal law that prohibits civil-service employees in the executive branch of the federal government,except the president and vice president,from engaging in some forms of political activity. It became law on August 2,1939. The law was named for Senator Carl Hatch of New Mexico. It was most recently amended in 2012.
John Robert Bolton is an American attorney,diplomat,Republican consultant,and political commentator. He served as the 25th United States ambassador to the United Nations from 2005 to 2006,and as the 26th United States national security advisor from 2018 to 2019.
The National Security Archive is a 501(c)(3) non-governmental,non-profit research and archival institution located on the campus of the George Washington University in Washington,D.C. Founded in 1985 to check rising government secrecy,the National Security Archive is an investigative journalism center,open government advocate,international affairs research institute,and the largest repository of declassified U.S. documents outside the federal government. In the four decades of its history,the National Security Archive has spurred the declassification of more than 15 million pages of government documents by being the leading non-profit user of the U.S. Freedom of Information Act (FOIA),filing a total of more than 70,000 FOIA and declassification requests.
Ashton Baldwin Carter was an American government official and academic who served as the 25th United States secretary of defense from February 2015 to January 2017. He later served as director of the Belfer Center for Science &International Affairs at Harvard Kennedy School.
Hon. Carl W. Ford,Jr. is an American political scientist,consultant,defense administrator,and Asian specialist originally from Hot Springs,Arkansas. As Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence and Research,he headed the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR) in the State Department from 2001 until 2003. He reported directly to then Secretary of State Colin Powell.
The under secretary of state for arms control and international security (T) is a position within the U.S. Department of State that serves as a senior adviser to the president and the secretary of state for arms control,nonproliferation,and disarmament.
Kathleen Troia McFarland is an American political commentator,civil servant,author,and former political candidate.
Robert Leon Wilkie Jr. is an American lawyer and government official who served as the United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs from 2018 to 2021,during the Trump administration. He was previously Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness during the Trump administration,from November 2017 to July 2018. A Naval intelligence officer in the Reserve,he was Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative Affairs in the administration of President George W. Bush.
Kenneth Leonard Wainstein is an American lawyer. He served as the first assistant attorney general for national security,and later as the homeland security advisor to United States President George W. Bush. In 2022 under the Biden administration,he was appointed under secretary of homeland security for intelligence and analysis. He served in this position until 2025.
The 2010 Review Conference for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) was held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City from 3 to 28 May 2010. The President of the Review Conference is Ambassador Libran N. Cabactulan of the Philippines. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon used the opening of the conference to note that "sixty five years later,the world still lives under the nuclear shadow".
John Joseph Sullivan is an American attorney and government official who served as the United States Ambassador to Russia from 2020 to 2022,and who previously served as the 19th United States Deputy Secretary of State from 2017 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party,Sullivan served as Acting United States Secretary of State from April 1,2018,to April 26,2018,following President Donald Trump's dismissal of Secretary of State Rex Tillerson on March 13,2018,until Tillerson's official successor,Mike Pompeo,was sworn in. Tillerson did not officially leave office until March 31,2018. Sullivan,however,was delegated all responsibilities of the Secretary of State beginning March 13.
Thomas Graham Jr. is a former senior U.S. diplomat. Graham was involved in the negotiation of every single international arms control and non-proliferation agreement from 1970 to 1997. This includes the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks,the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties,the Anti-ballistic missile (ABM) Treaty,Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) Treaty,Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty (NPT),Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty and Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). In 1993,Ambassador Graham served as acting director of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) from January to November,1993 and acting deputy director from November,1993 to July,1994. From 1994 through 1997,he was president Bill Clinton's special representative for Arms Control,Non-Proliferation,and Disarmament. Graham successfully led the U.S. government efforts to achieve the permanent extension of the NPT in 1995. Graham also served for 15 years as the general counsel of ACDA. Throughout his career,Thomas Graham has worked with six U.S. Presidents including Presidents Richard Nixon,Gerald Ford,Jimmy Carter,Ronald Reagan,George H. W. Bush,and Bill Clinton. Ambassador Graham worked on the negotiation of the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Biological Weapons Convention and managed the Senate approval of the ratification of the Geneva Protocol banning the use of chemical and biological weapons in war,as well as the Biological Weapons Convention.
Rajesh "Raj" De is an American lawyer and former U.S. government official who later became the managing partner for the Washington,D.C.,office of the law firm Mayer Brown. During the presidency of Barack Obama,he served in three significant government roles—as Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Policy,as White House Staff Secretary,and finally as general counsel of the U.S. National Security Agency.
Christopher David Steele is a British former intelligence officer with the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) from 1987 until his retirement in 2009. He ran the Russia desk at MI6 headquarters in London between 2006 and 2009. In 2009,he co-founded Orbis Business Intelligence,a London-based private intelligence firm.
C.S. Eliot Kang is an American diplomat and member of the Senior Executive Service. He served as the Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation (ISN) at the U.S. Department of State from March 2022 to January 2025.
Marshall Billingslea is a former Assistant Secretary for Terrorist Financing at the United States Department of the Treasury. He was the Trump administration's nominee to be Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs,and he previously served as a U.S. Senate staffer and as a Department of Defense official.
Benjamin Huberman is an American science advisor who formerly served as the acting director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and acting Science Advisor to the President under President Ronald Reagan.
