The club throw is an athletic throwing event where the objective is to throw a wooden club. The event is one of the four throwing events, along with discus, javelin and shot put of the Summer Paralympics. It is the Paralympic equivalent of the hammer throw. [1] The club throw was introduced for both men and women at the first 1960 Summer Paralympic Games. It was dropped from the women's programme from the 1992 Paralympics in Barcelona but was reinstated for London 2012.
Like other throwing events, the competition is decided by who can throw the club the farthest, though when the event is contested by athletes of different disability classifications, such as the Paralympics, the result is decided by a points score using the Raza Points System which considers athletes' relative levels of disability. The club for men and women weighs a minimum of 397 grams (14.0 oz) and is normally made from wood with a metal base. [2] The athlete sits in a frame in a throwing area which is within a marked circle between 2.135 and 2.50 metres (7 ft 0 in and 8 ft 2 in) in diameter. The frame is common for each competitor and is rigid. [2] The sport is contested at the Paralympics by athletes in the F31, F32 and F51 classes (individuals with the most significant impairment in hand function).
As of 2017 [update] the world record for the men's club in the 32 class is held by Maciej Sochal, who threw 37.19 metres (122 ft 0 in ) at the 2016 IPC Athletics European Championships. The men's record in the 51 class is held by Željko Dimitrijević, who recorded a distance of 31.99 metres (104 ft 11 in ) at the 2017 World Para Athletics Championships. [3] [4]
As of 2017 [update] the world record for the women's club in the 32 class is held by Maroua Ibrahmi, who threw 26.93 metres (88 ft 4 in) at the 2016 Summer Paralympics. The women's record in the 51 class is held by America's Rachael Morrison, who recorded a distance of 23.82 metres (78 ft 2 in ) in Claremont, CA on 8 April 2017. [3]
Games | Location | Open to | Gold | Class | Distance (points) | Silver | Class | Distance (points) | Bronze | Class | Distance (points) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1984 | New York, United States | 1A | Bart Dodson (USA) | 1A | 23.54 | Franicsco de las Fuentes (MEX) | 1A | 21.44 | S. Wilkins (USA) | 1A | 21.12 |
1988 | Seoul, South Korea | 1A | Edund Weber (FRG) | 1A | 23.44 | Jose Danile Haylan (ARG) | 1A | 18.28 | Paolo D'Agostini (ITA) | 1A | 17.50 |
1992 | Barcelona, Spain | C6 | Dae Kwan Kim (KOR) | C6 | 51.58 WR | Keith Gardner (GBR) | C6 | 43.78 | S. Da Costa Neto (BRA) | C6 | 43.50 |
1996 | Atlanta, United States | F50 | Stephen Miller (GBR) | F50 | 25.84 WR | James Richardson (GBR) | F50 | 22.75 | Aaron Little (USA) | F50 | 20.65 |
2000 | Sydney, Australia | F51 | Stephen Miller (GBR) | F51 | 27.74 | Takefumi Anryo (JPN) | F51 | 26.88 | Ahmed Kamal (BRN) | F51 | 26.08 |
2004 | Athens, Greece | F32/F51 | Stephen Miller (GBR) | F32 | 33.53 (1133) | Radim Beles (CZE) | F51 | 25.44 (993) | Karim Betina (ALG) | F32 | 29.17 (986) |
2008 | Beijing, China | F32/F51 | Mourad Idoudi (TUN) | F32 | 35.77 (1125) WR | Stephen Miller (GBR) | F32 | 34.37 (1081) | Jan Vanek (CZE) | F51 | 25.29 (1063) |
2012 | London, United Kingdom | F31/32/51 | Željko Dimitrijević (SRB) | F51 | 26.88 (1010) | Radim Běleš (CZE) | F51 | 26.67 (1004) | Lahouari Bahlaz (ALG) | F32 | 36.31 (1003) |
2016 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | F32 | Maciej Sochal (POL) | F32 | 33.91 | Athanasios Konstantinidis (GRE) | F32 | 33.69 | Stephen Miller (GBR) | F32 | 31.93 |
F51 | Zeljko Dimitrijevic (SRB) | F51 | 29.96 WR | Milos Mitic (SRB) | F51 | 26.84 | Marián Kuřeja (SVK) | F51 | 26.82 | ||
2020 | Tokyo, Japan | F32 | Liu Li (CHN) | F32 | 45.39 WR | Athanasios Konstantinidis (GRE) | F32 | 38.68 | Walid Ferhah (ALG) | F32 | 35.34 |
F51 | Musa Taimazov (RPC) | F51 | 35.42 WR | Željko Dimitrijević (SRB) | F51 | 35.29 | Marián Kuřeja (SVK) | F51 | 30.66 | ||
Games | Location | Open to | Gold | Class | Distance (points) | Silver | Class | Distance (points) | Bronze | Class | Distance (points) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1960 | Rome, Italy | A | Maria Scutti (ITA) | A | 19.10 | Anna Maria Galimberti (ITA) | A | 17.82 | Manette Berger-Waldenegg (AUT) | A | 17.32 |
B | Maria Scutti (ITA) | B | 20.07 | Marlene Muhlendyck (FRG) | B | 19.42 | Anna Maria Galimberti (ITA) | B | 19.11 | ||
C | Zander (FRG) | C | 26.62 | Daphne Ceeney (AUS) | C | 21.11 | Maria Scutti (ITA) | C | 20.21 | ||
2012 | London, United Kingdom | F31/32/51 | Maroua Ibrahmi (TUN) | F32 | 23.43 WR | Mounia Gasmi (ALG) | F32 | 22.51 | Gemma Prescott (GBR) | F32 | 20.50 |
2016 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | F31/32 | Maroua Ibrahmi (TUN) | F32 | 26.93 WR | Mounia Gasmi (ALG) | F32 | 25.41 | Gemma Prescott (GBR) | F32 | 19.77 |
F51 | Joanna Butterfield (GBR) | F51 | 22.81 WR | Zoia Ovsii (UKR) | F51 | 22.21 | Cassie Mitchell (USA) | F51 | 21.84 | ||
2020 | Tokyo, Japan | F32 | Róża Kozakowska (POL) | F32 | 28.74 WR | Anastasiia Moskalenko (UKR) | F32 | 24.73 | Mounia Gasmi (ALG) | F32 | 23.29 |
Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practiced by people with a disability as a parasport. The athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. Certain able-bodied events are rarely contested as para-athletic events outside deaf sport; pole vault, triple jump, hammer and the three hurdling events. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability.
Athletics has been contested at every Summer Paralympics since the first games in 1960. Men and women from all disability groups compete in the sport.
Louise Ellery is an Australian Paralympic track and field athlete, Commonwealth Games gold medalist and former world record holder in F32 Shot put for elite athletes with a disability. At the 2016 Rio Paralympics, she won a bronze medal.
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T53 is disability sport classification for disability athletics. The class includes people with a number of different types of disabilities including spinal cord injuries. People in this class have full use of their arms but have no or limited trunk function. Similar classifications are T51, T52, and T54. People in this class have a functional upper limbs, but limited trunk usage and limited lower limb functionality. During classification, they both undergo a bench test of muscle strength and demonstrate their skills in athletics. People in this class include Tanni Grey-Thompson (GBR), Samantha Kinghorn (GBR), Angie Ballard (AUS) and Richard Colman (AUS).
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The 2013 IPC Athletics World Championships was the biggest track and field competition for athletes with a disability since the 2012 Summer Paralympics. It was held in Lyon, France, and lasted from 20 to 28 July. Around 1,100 athletes competed, from 94 different countries. The event was held in the Stade du Rhône located at the Parc de Parilly in Vénissieux, in Lyon Metropolis.
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