Colonial Annapolis Historic District

Last updated

Colonial Annapolis Historic District
Shiplap House Jul 09.JPG
Shiplap House, Colonial Annapolis Historic District, July 2009
USA Maryland location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
LocationDistrict boundaries approximate city boundaries surveyed in 1695, (original)
Roughly bounded by Spa Creek, Southgate Ave., Hanover and West Sts.,(increase)
Annapolis, Maryland
Coordinates 38°58′41″N76°29′29″W / 38.97806°N 76.49139°W / 38.97806; -76.49139
Built1695
ArchitectMultiple
Architectural styleLate Victorian, Colonial, Georgian (original)
Early Republic, Late Victorian, Colonial (increase)
NRHP reference No. 66000383  (original)
84003875 [1]  (increase)
Significant dates
Added to NRHPOctober 15, 1966
Boundary increaseSeptember 29, 1984 [1]
Designated NHLDJune 23, 1965 [2]

The Colonial Annapolis Historic District is a historic district in the City of Annapolis, the state capital of Maryland, that was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1965 and was geographically further expanded in 1984.

Contents

History and description

Annapolis has served as the capital of both the Colony/Province and the State, along with being the county seat of Maryland's third county, Anne Arundel County, and is one of the first planned cities in colonial America. Many elements of the original town plan, developed in 1695 by Francis Nicholson, and about 120 of the 18th century buildings still remain. Along with its neighboring capital city to the south of Williamsburg of the Province/Colony of Virginia and the first years of the independent Commonwealth of Virginia, both towns serve as a "living microcosm" of the 1700s and early 1800s in the United States. [2]

In terms of individually listed National Historic Landmarks and other sites on the National Register of Historic Places, the original historic colonial-era area includes the Maryland State House on State Circle, St. Ann's Church (Anglican/Episcopal) on neighboring adjacent Church Circle, and the historic residences, townhouses and some larger mansions of the town's wealthiest and most influential citizens of the Hammond-Harwood House and the Paca House and Gardens, the increase also includes the Artisan's House, Brice House, John Callahan House, and the Chase-Lloyd House.

Most of the downtown and harbor waterfront areas were declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965. [2] [3]

The location of acclaimed national educational schools such as the St. John's College, (elevated to collegiate status in 1784, founded as "King William's School" in 1696) with its historic red-brick Colonial/Georgian and Federal-styled buildings (including the former colonial Governor's Mansion, begun in 1742, later used as McDowell Hall, the primary college structure) and the 1845 establishment of the United States Naval School, the nation's second-oldest military college, (later renamed the U.S. Naval Academy) with its late 19th Century French-styled architecture of Second Empire waterfront campus on the site of old Fort Severn from the War of 1812-era facing the Severn River, provide a sophisticated air to the downtown streets adding the casually attired college students and white-uniformed naval midshipmen walking about amidst the rows of brick townhouses and wood-frame homes.

With the establishment of the Historic Annapolis Foundation, as well as Annapolis Historic District Design Guidelines for New Construction, written by Robert Lamb Hart of Hart Howerton, [4] the future of the city's historical heritage of the Colonial and Federal eras with its Georgian and Federal period with its unique architecture was assured of a constant "watchdog" over any future abuses and neglect as occasionally occurred during the quiet years of the 19th and early 20th Centuries.

The Colonial Annapolis Maritime Trail System is a part of the East Coast Greenway.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anne Arundel County, Maryland</span> County in Maryland, United States

Anne Arundel County, also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261, an increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis, which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Anne Arundell, Lady Baltimore, a member of the ancient family of Arundells in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first lord proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Annapolis, Maryland</span> Capital city of Maryland, United States

Annapolis is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland and the county seat of, and only incorporated city in, Anne Arundel County. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, 25 miles (40 km) south of Baltimore and about 30 miles (50 km) east of Washington, D.C., Annapolis forms part of the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area. The 2020 census recorded its population as 40,812, an increase of 6.3% since 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Severn River (Maryland)</span> River in Maryland, United States

The Severn River is a tidal estuary 14 miles (23 km) long, located in Anne Arundel County in the U.S. state of Maryland, south of the Magothy River and north of the South River.

Annapolis High School is an American high school located in the Parole census-designated place in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States, near Annapolis. It is part of the Anne Arundel County Public Schools system and is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. In 2013, Newsweek ranked Annapolis as one of the top 2,000 high schools in the country.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Annapolis National Cemetery</span> Historic veterans cemetery in Anne Arundel County, Maryland

Annapolis National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Annapolis, in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It encompasses 4.1 acres (1.7 ha), and as of 2020, had over 3,100 interments. It is operated and maintained by the Baltimore National Cemetery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Buckland (architect)</span> American architect (1734-1774)

William Buckland (1734–1774) was a British architect who designed several important buildings in colonial Maryland and Virginia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hammond–Harwood House</span> Historic house in Annapolis, Maryland, United States

The Hammond–Harwood House is a historic house museum at 19 Maryland Avenue in Annapolis, Maryland, USA. Built in 1774, is one of the premier colonial houses remaining in America from the British colonial period (1607–1776). It is the only existing work of colonial academic architecture that was principally designed from a plate in Andrea Palladio's I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura (1570). The house was designed by the architect William Buckland in 1773–1774 for wealthy farmer Matthias Hammond of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It was modeled on the design of the Villa Pisani in Montagnana, Italy, as depicted in Book II, Chapter XIV of Palladio's work. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960, and is now managed by a non-profit organization as a museum.

John Randall was an architect, American Revolutionary War soldier and officer, and was an early 19th-century mayor of Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. He was also the Collector of the Port of Annapolis, which included responsibility for fortifying the harbor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">London Town Publik House</span> United States historic place

The William Brown House, also known as London Town Publik House or Londontowne Public House, is a former Colonial tavern located in the Historic London Town and Gardens museum complex in Woodland Beach, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Completed in 1764, it is one of the best-preserved examples of a colonial-era brick tavern house. From 1828 to 1965 the structure was used as a county alms house. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1970.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paca House and Garden</span> Historic house in Maryland, United States

The William Paca House is an 18th-century Georgian mansion in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. Founding Father William Paca was a signatory of the Declaration of Independence and a three-term Governor of Maryland. The house was built between 1763 and 1765 and its architecture was largely designed by Paca himself. The 2-acre (8,100 m2) walled garden, which includes a two-story summer house, has been restored to its original state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brice House (Annapolis, Maryland)</span> Historic house in Maryland

The Brice House is, along with the Hammond-Harwood House and the William Paca House, one of three similar preserved 18th century Georgian style brick houses in Annapolis, Maryland. Like the Paca and Hammond-Harwood houses, it is a five-part brick mansion with a large central block and flanking pavilions with connecting hyphens. Of the three, the Brice House's exterior is the most austere, giving its brickwork particular prominence. The Brice House was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1970.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chase–Lloyd House</span> Historic house in Maryland, United States

The Chase–Lloyd House is a historic house at 22 Maryland Avenue in Annapolis, Maryland. Built in 1769–1774, it is one of the first brick three-story Georgian mansions to be built in the Thirteen Colonies, and is one of the finest examples of the style. Its interiors were designed by William Buckland. Its construction was started for Samuel Chase, who would later be a signatory to the Declaration of Independence and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, but Chase sold the building unfinished to Edward Lloyd IV in 1771. Lloyd completed the house in 1774 with assistance from Buckland and another architect, William Noke. The house remained in the Lloyd family until 1847, when it was sold to a relation of Chase. Hester Anne Chase was the daughter of Jeremiah Townley Chase who was Samuel Chase's cousin. When she died, she left the house to her 3 orphan nieces, Francis, Matilda, and Hester. In 1888 the house was bequeathed for use as a home for elderly women by the will of the last living niece, Hester. It continues in this use today. While the upper floors are off limits to visitors, the main floor and the extensive gardens are open to the public.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whitehall (Annapolis, Maryland)</span> Historic house in Maryland, United States

Whitehall is a colonial home that was built beginning in 1764 near Annapolis in Anne Arundel County in the Province of Maryland by Horatio Sharpe, then the provincial governor of the British colony of Maryland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peggy Stewart House</span> Historic house in Maryland, United States

The Peggy Stewart House, also known as the Rutland-Jenifer-Stone House, is a Georgian style house in Annapolis, Maryland. Built between 1761 and 1764 by Thomas Rutland as a rental property, it was owned at various times by Thomas Stone and U.S. Founding Father Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer. In October 1774 it was owned by Anthony Stewart, owner of the ship Peggy Stewart. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 for its associations with the burning of Anthony Stewart's ship, Peggy Stewart, as well as for its architectural significance as a mid- to late 18th century Georgian mansion. Furthermore, the dwelling was recognized as a National Historic Landmark for its associations with Jenifer and Stone, and for the thematic representation of politics and diplomacy during the American Revolution

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Callahan House</span> Historic house in Maryland, United States

John Callahan House, known previously as Pinkney-Callahan House when it was located on St. John Street, is a historic home in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. The brick home was constructed by John Callahan, a prominent and wealthy Annapolitan who served as the Register of the Western Shore Land Office between 1778 and 1803, around 1785–90. It has been moved twice in efforts to prevent its demolition. In 1900–01, the house was relocated to St. John's Street and then to its present site on Conduit Street in 1972. The home features an unusual gable-end principal façade and a largely intact Georgian/Federal interior finishes. It once served as St. John's College Infirmary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Artisan's House</span> Historic house in Maryland

Artisan's House is a historic home located at Annapolis, Maryland, United States. It is a 1+12-story frame house on a brick foundation representative of modest middle class dwellings of the 18th century. It was likely used as a barracks during the Revolutionary War. Because of this, it is also known as "Hogshead."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Banneker-Douglass Museum</span> Historic church in Maryland, United States

The Banneker-Douglass Museum, formerly known as Mt. Moriah African Methodist Episcopal Church, is a historic church at Annapolis, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It was constructed in 1875 and remodeled in 1896. It is a 2+12-story, gable-front brick church executed in the Gothic Revival style. It served as the meeting hall for the First African Methodist Episcopal Church, originally formed in the 1790s, for nearly 100 years. It was leased to the Maryland Commission on African-American History and Culture, becoming the state's official museum for African-American history and culture. In 1984, a 2+12-story addition was added when the building opened as the Banneker-Douglass Museum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Belmont Estate</span> Historic estate located at Elkridge, Howard County, Maryland, United States

The Belmont Estate, now Belmont Manor and Historic Park, is a former plantation located at Elkridge, Howard County, Maryland, United States. Founded in the 1730s and known in the Colonial period as "Moore's Morning Choice", it was one of the earliest forced-labor farms in Howard County, Maryland. Its 1738 plantation house is one of the finest examples of Colonial Georgian architectural style in Maryland.

Burle's Town Land is a colonial archaeological site near Annapolis in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. It was the location of the homestead of Robert Burle, a surveyor who received a 100-acre (40 ha) patent in the area in 1663, including land that he may have been occupying somewhat earlier. Burle built a house and lived there until is death in 1675; his only child, a daughter, married and moved away in 1680, abandoning the property. The property is situated on a terrace above Mill Creek, and is now partly covered by a later cemetery. Archaeological digs have uncovered general outlines of Burle's house, although the evidence is somewhat compromised by grave digging activity above. The site has also yielded significant finds of Dutch ceramics. Burle's residence in the area is associated with the Puritan Providence Colony established across the Severn River where Annapolis is now located.

St. Margaret's is a suburb of Annapolis in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States on the scenic Broadneck Peninsula. The ZIP code is 21409.

References

  1. 1 2 "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. April 15, 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 "Colonial Annapolis Historic District". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on February 11, 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
  3. Patricia Heintzelman; Charles D. McCormick; Joseph Watterson; D. Peter Myers (July 30, 1974). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Colonial Annapolis Historic District" (pdf). National Park Service.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) (includes Addendum, February 1, 1983) and Sands House, and Jennings-Brice House / John Brice II House, and Maryland Inn, and Annapolis Post Office, and Donaldson-Steuart House / Kentish Inn; Anthony Workman House, and 77 Main Street / Site of Victualling House; George & John Barber's Store, and Masonic Temple / Lloyd Dulaney (or Dulaney) House, and two drawings) and Accompanying photo set of 125 pages of photos and credits, including photos from c.1950, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1974, and 1982  (32 KB)
  4. Robert Lamb Hart-Architects and Planners, N. Y. (January 1, 1978). Annapolis Historic District Design Guidelines for New Construction. Annapolis, Maryland: The Annapolis Historic District Commission.