Related Research Articles
The Daoguang Emperor,also known by his temple name Emperor Xuanzong of Qing,personal name Mianning, was the seventh emperor of the Qing dynasty,and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over China proper,reigning from 1820 to 1850. His reign was marked by "external disaster and internal rebellion." These included the First Opium War and the beginning of the Taiping Rebellion which nearly brought down the dynasty. The historian Jonathan Spence characterizes the Daoguang Emperor as a "well meaning but ineffective man" who promoted officials who "presented a purist view even if they had nothing to say about the domestic and foreign problems surrounding the dynasty."
The Jiaqing Emperor,also known by his temple name Emperor Renzong of Qing,personal name Yongyan,was the sixth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty,and the fifth Qing emperor to rule over China proper,from 1796 to 1820. He was the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor. During his reign,he prosecuted Heshen,the corrupt Manchu favorite of his father,and attempted to restore order within the Qing Empire while curbing the smuggling of opium into China.
Empress Xiaoherui,of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan,was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and second empress consort of Yongyan,the Jiaqing Emperor. She was empress consort of Qing from 1801 until her husband's death in 1820,after which she was honoured as Empress Dowager Gongci during the reign of her step-son,Mianning,the Daoguang Emperor. She was the longest-serving empress consort in Qing history.
Noble Lady Shun,of the Manchu Niohuru clan,was a consort of the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty.
Dowager Imperial Noble Consort Quehui,of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Tunggiya clan,was a consort of the Kangxi Emperor. She was 14 years his junior.
Concubine Yu,of the Han Chinese Plain White Banner Shang clan,was a consort of Daoguang Emperor.
Noble Consort Cheng,of the Plain Red Banner Niohuru clan,was a consort of Daoguang Emperor.
Consort Chang,of the Manchu Hešeri clan belonging to the Bordered Blue Banner,was a consort of the Daoguang Emperor.
Consort Zhuang,from the Manchu Wanyan clan,was a consort of the Jiaqing Emperor.
Imperial Noble Consort Dunyi was a consort of Kangxi Emperor. She was 29 years his junior. She outlived Empress Xiaoxianchun,the Hoifa-Nara Step Empress,and several Qianlong's consorts and children.
Imperial Noble Consort Duanke,of the Manchu Tunggiya clan,was a consort of Xianfeng Emperor.
Noble Consort Wen,of the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner Xu clan,was a consort of Xianfeng Emperor.
Consort Lu,of the Manchu Yehe Nara clan belonging to Plain White Banner,was a consort of Xianfeng Emperor.
Consort Qian,a member of Han Chinese Liu clan,was a consort of Yongzheng Emperor.
The Jiaqing Emperor had a total number of 14 consorts,including 2 empresses,2 imperial noble consorts,4 consorts and 6 concubines.
Noble Consort Wan,of the Manchu Plain White Banner Socoro clan,was a consort of Xianfeng Emperor.
Daoguang Emperor had fifteen consorts,including four empresses,one imperial noble consort,three noble consorts,three consorts and four concubines.
Noble Consort Jia,of the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner Gogiya clan,was a consort of the Daoguang Emperor.
Consort Fang,of the Han Chinese Chen clan,was a consort of Qianlong Emperor. She and her brothers were then inducted into the a bondservant company of the Bordered Yellow Banner of the Han Chinese Eight Banners since it was required for all consorts of Qing emperors to belong to one of the Eight Banners.
The Xianfeng Emperor had eighteen consorts,including three empresses,two imperial noble consorts,two noble consorts,four consorts,four concubines and three first attendants. The consorts are classified according to their posthumous titles.
References
- ↑ 《皇朝文獻通考》/ "The chronicles of imperial dynasty".
- ↑ "A historical dictionary of Qing dynasty". Palace Museum Library. pp. Entry no.701005659.
- ↑ "历史档案"/"Historical archives". 历史档案杂志社. 1999. p. 100.
- ↑ 《添碳檔》.
- ↑ 《清實錄乾隆朝實錄》/ "The chronicles of Qianlong era".
- ↑ Xu/徐, Guangyuan/广源 (2007). 清皇陵地宮亲探记: 图文本/"Imperial tombs of Qing dynasty. Illustrated edition". Forbidden city Publisher. p. 156.