The Daoguang Emperor, also known by his temple name Emperor Xuanzong of Qing, personal name Mianning, was the seventh emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1820 to 1850. His reign was marked by "external disaster and internal rebellion." These included the First Opium War and the beginning of the Taiping Rebellion which nearly brought down the dynasty. The historian Jonathan Spence characterizes the Daoguang Emperor as a "well meaning but ineffective man" who promoted officials who "presented a purist view even if they had nothing to say about the domestic and foreign problems surrounding the dynasty."
The Jiaqing Emperor, also known by his temple name Emperor Renzong of Qing, personal name Yongyan, was the sixth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and the fifth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, from 1796 to 1820. He was the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor. During his reign, he prosecuted Heshen, the corrupt Manchu favorite of his father, and attempted to restore order within the Qing Empire while curbing the smuggling of opium into China.
Ebilun was a Manchu noble and warrior of the Niohuru clan, most famous for being one of the Four Regents assisting the young Kangxi Emperor from 1661 to 1667, during the early Qing dynasty (1644–1912). A largely passive figure during the regency, Ebilun was disgraced following the ouster of the far more powerful regent Oboi and considered a political supporter of the latter. He was stripped of his positions by the emperor but later regained his noble rank. Many of his descendants became influential figures in the Qing imperial government.
Gūwalgiya was one of the most powerful Manchu clans. It is often listed by historians as the first of the eight prominent Manchu clans of the Qing dynasty. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Han Chinese surname Guan (關).
Tunggiya is the name of a Manchu clan.
Gege (Manchu: ᡤᡝᡤᡝ; Chinese: 格格; pinyin: Gégé; Wade–Giles: Ko2-ko2) is the Manchu word for an unmarried daughter. During the Qing dynasty, it was the Manchu style of an imperial-born princess of an emperor. Daughters of all imperial princes above the rank of jiangjun also used the same title.
Ajige was a Manchu prince and military general of the early Qing dynasty. He was born in the Aisin Gioro clan as the 12th son of Nurhaci, the khan of the Later Jin dynasty.
Empress Xiaoquancheng, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a posthumous name bestowed on the wife and second empress consort of Mianning, the Daoguang Emperor. She was empress consort of Qing from 1834 until her death in 1840.
Empress Xiaoshengxian, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the consort of Yinzhen, the Yongzheng Emperor and mother of Hongli, the Qianlong Emperor. She was honoured as Empress Dowager Chongqing during the reign of her son and posthumously honoured as empress, although she never held the rank of empress consort during her lifetime.
Empress Xiaoherui, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and second empress consort of Yongyan, the Jiaqing Emperor. She was empress consort of Qing from 1801 until her husband's death in 1820, after which she was honoured as Empress Dowager Gongci during the reign of her step-son, Mianning, the Daoguang Emperor. She was the longest-serving empress consort in Qing history.
Empress Xiaozhaoren, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and second empress consort of Xuanye, the Kangxi Emperor. She was empress consort of China during the Qing dynasty from 1677 until her death in 1678.
Empress Xiaomucheng, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a consort of the Daoguang Emperor.
Noble Lady Shun, of the Manchu Niohuru clan, was a consort of the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty.
Nara is a clan name shared by a number of royal Manchu clans, sometimes also transliterated as Nalan or Nalland. The four tribes of the Hūlun confederation (扈倫四部) – Hada, Ula, Hoifa and Yehe – were all ruled by clans bearing this name.
Princess Hexiao of the First Rank, personal name unknown, was a Manchu princess of the Qing dynasty. She was the tenth and youngest daughter of the Qianlong Emperor. Her mother was Consort Dun.
Eidu was a Manchu officer and a member of the Niohuru clan.
Fuca was a clan of Manchu nobility. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to the Chinese surnames Fu (富/傅) or Li (李).
Noble Consort Wenxi, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a consort of the Kangxi Emperor.
Concubine Cheng, of the Manchu Plain Red Banner Niohuru clan, was a consort of Qianlong Emperor.
Consort Yuan of the Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was the wife of Hong Taiji. She was one year his junior. Later literatures have regarded her as Hong Taiji's first wife and primary consort.
