Hundred Family Surnames

Last updated

  • 趙 ( Zhao )
  • 錢 ( Qian )
  • 孫 ( Sun )
  • 李 ( Li )
Hundred Family Surnames
Chinese name
Chinese 百家姓
Hanyu Pinyin Bǎijiā Xìng
  • 百家姓(Bǎijiāxìng)
  • 終(zhōng) [note 1]

Prevalence in modern times

In 2013 the Fuxi Institution compiled a ranking of the 400 most common surnames in China. [9]

Under 300th most common

According to the study, the following surnames are not among the 300 most common surnames: [9]

Under 400th most common

According to the study, the following surnames are not among the 400 most common surnames: [9]

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ↑ The last four-character line means "thus ends the Hundred Family Surnames." It is not intended to contain surnames.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Liu</span> Surname list

劉 / 刘 is an East Asian surname. pinyin: Liú in Mandarin Chinese, Lau4 in Cantonese. It is the family name of the Han dynasty emperors. The character 劉 originally meant 'battle axe', but is now used only as a surname. It is listed 252nd in the classic text Hundred Family Surnames. Today, it is the 4th most common surname in Mainland China as well as one of the most common surnames in the world.

The Three Character Classic, commonly known as San Zi Jing, also translated as Trimetric Classic, is one of the Chinese classic texts. It was probably written in the 13th century and is mainly attributed to Wang Yinglin during the Song dynasty. It is also attributed to Ou Shizi (1234–1324).

<i>Thousand Character Classic</i> Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000 characters, each appearing once

The Thousand Character Classic, also known as the Thousand Character Text, is a Chinese poem that has been used as a primer for teaching Chinese characters to children from the sixth century onward. It contains exactly one thousand characters, each used only once, arranged into 250 lines of four characters apiece and grouped into four line rhyming stanzas to make it easy to memorize. It is sung, much as children learning the Latin alphabet sing an "alphabet song." Along with the Three Character Classic and the Hundred Family Surnames, it formed the basis of traditional literacy training in the Sinosphere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wuyue</span> Chinese dynastic state, 907 to 978

Wuyue was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history. It was ruled by the Qian clan of Haiyan (海鹽錢氏), whose family name remains widespread in the kingdom's former territory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ye (surname)</span> Surname list

Ye is a Chinese-language surname. It is listed 257th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames, and is the 43rd most common surname in China, with a population of 5.8 million as of 2008 and 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Qian Chu</span>

Qian Chu, courtesy name Wende, known as Qian Hongchu before 960, also known by his posthumous name as the King Zhongyi of Wuyue, was the last king of Wuyue during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China. He reigned from 947 until 978, when he surrendered his kingdom to the Northern Song dynasty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zhuang (surname)</span> Surname list

Zhuang is the pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 庄 in simplified character and 莊 in traditional character. It is usually romanized as "Chuang" in Taiwan based in Wade-Giles. It is spoken in the first tone: Zhuāng.

Ou is the pinyin romanization of the Chinese surnames 區 and 歐, which share a common origin with the compound surname Ouyang (歐陽), from the ruling family of the State of Yue during the Spring and Autumn period. They are commonly romanized as Au or Ao in Cantonese.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lü (surname)</span> Surname list

Lü is the pinyin and Wade–Giles romanisation of a Chinese surname, most commonly 吕 and 呂.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Qian (surname)</span> Chinese surname

Qian, also spelt Chin, Chien, Tsien, or Zee in Wu Chinese, is a common Chinese family name. The name literally means "money". Qian is listed at the second place in the Song Dynasty text Hundred Family Surnames, in the line 趙錢孫李. As the royal surname of the kingdom of Wuyue, Qian was regarded as second only to Zhao, the imperial surname of the Song. As of 2008, Qian is the 96th most common surname in China, shared by 2.2 million people, with the province with the most people sharing the name being Jiangsu, an area formerly within the Wuyue kingdom.

Baixing or lao baixing is a traditional Chinese term, meaning "the people" or "commoners." The word "lao" is often added as a prefix before "baixing".

The Wu Chinese people, also known as Wuyue people, Jiang-Zhe people (江浙民系) or San Kiang (三江), are a major subgroup of the Han Chinese. They are a Wu Chinese-speaking people who hail from southern Jiangsu Province, the entirety of the city of Shanghai and all of Zhejiang Province, as well as smaller populations in Xuancheng prefecture-level city in southern Anhui Province, Shangrao, Guangfeng and Yushan counties of northeastern Jiangxi Province and some parts of Pucheng County in northern Fujian Province.

Shenyin Shu or Shenyin Xu was a general of the State of Chu during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. He was a great-grandson of King Zhuang of Chu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shěn</span> Surname list

Shěn is the Mandarin Hanyu pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname 沈.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lu (surname 魯)</span> Chinese family name

The Chinese surname 魯 is listed 49th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. As of 2008, 魯 is the 115th most common surname in China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lu (surname 陸)</span> Chinese surname with character 陆/陸 (pinyin: Lù)

Lu is the pinyin and Wade–Giles romanization of the Chinese surname written 陆 in simplified character and 陸 in traditional character. It is also spelled Luk or Loke according to the Hong Kong Cantonese pronunciation. Lu 陆 is the 61st most common surname in China, shared by 4.2 million people. Most people with the surname live in southern China; 44% live in just two provinces: Jiangsu and Guangxi. Lu 陸 is listed 198th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ji (surname 暨)</span> Chinese family name

Jì is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 暨 in Chinese character. It is romanized as Chi in Wade–Giles and Kei in Cantonese. Ji is listed 345th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. It is not among the 300 most common surnames in China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jǐ (ancient surname)</span> Chinese family name

Jǐ is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 己 in Chinese character. It is romanized as Chi in Wade–Giles. One of the ancient ancestral names, Ji is an uncommon surname today. It is not listed in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames.

Wan is the Mandarin pinyin and Wade–Giles romanization of the Chinese surname written 万 in simplified Chinese and 萬 in traditional Chinese. It is romanized as Man in Cantonese. It is listed 162nd in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. As of 2008, it is the 88th most common surname in China, shared by 2.4 million people. The province with the most people having the surname is Anhui. In 2011, of the top 30 cities in China it was the only the top ten surnames of Nanchang, where it is the fourth-most common name.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zha (surname)</span> Surname list

Zha is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 查 in Chinese character. It is romanized as Cha in Wade–Giles. Zha is listed 397th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. As of 2008, it is the 176th most common surname in China, shared by 680,000 people. It was originated as a branch of the Jiang (姜) surname. Zha was originally the name of a district in modern-day Shandong province.

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Ting Hui Lee (2011). Chinese Schools in Peninsular Malaysia: The Struggle for Survival. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 249–. ISBN   978-981-4279-21-5.
  2. ↑ Patrick Hanks; Richard Coates; Peter McClure (November 17, 2016). The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland. OUP Oxford. pp. 43–. ISBN   978-0-19-252747-9.
  3. 1 2 3 K. S. Tom. [1989] (1989). Echoes from Old China: Life, Legends and Lore of the Middle Kingdom p. 12. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN   0-8248-1285-9.
  4. ↑ Chen, Janey. [1992] (1992). A Practical English-Chinese Pronouncing Dictionary. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN   0-8048-1877-0
  5. ↑ "Taking Stock of Classic Early Childhood Readers". China Times . June 26, 2014.
  6. ↑ Rawski (1979), pp. 46–48.
  7. ↑ Zhang, Jiansong; Shen, Haixiong (March 5, 2006). ""百家姓"排列终有序。姓氏文化有何内涵？" [The "Hundred Family Surnames" are finally arranged in order. What is the cultural meaning of the surnames?]. Xinhua News Agency . Archived from the original on November 8, 2014.
  8. ↑ Chen Danning (September 3, 2014). 钱氏修"百家姓"将钱姓排第2位 钱王妃子姓氏靠前 (in Chinese). China News. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 Yuan Yida (袁义达), Qiu Jiaru, 邱家儒. 中国四百大姓. Beijing Book Co. Inc., 1 January 2013

Sources

  • Rawski, Evelyn Sakakida (1979). Education and Popular Literacy in Ch'ing China. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN   0-472-08753-3.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.