 | |
 Costa Rica |  Italy |
|---|---|
| Diplomatic mission | |
| Embassy of Costa Rica, Rome | Embassy of Italy, San José |
Relations between the Republic of Costa Rica and the Italian peninsula exist since 1849. [1] Both Costa Rica and the Italian Republic are members of the OECD and the United Nations.
In 1502, as part of his fourth and last voyage, Genoese-born Christopher Columbus landed on what is now the Eastern coast of Costa Rica. [2]
The first contacts between Costa Rica and the Italian states began in 1849 with the recognition of Costa Rica by Ferdinand II from the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. [1] During the mid-nineteenth century, as Costa Rica and the Italian peninsula were facing internal conflicts, the figures of Giuseppe Garibaldi and Leggero took prominence. According to former Italian ambassador to Costa Rica, Diego Ungaro, Garibaldi visited Leggero in Puntarenas, as the latter was helping the Costa Rican army during the Second Battle of Rivas. [3] In 1861, Costa Rica recognized the Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy by the Kingdom of Sardinia, and two years later, both Costa Rica and the Kingdom of Italy signed a treaty of friendship. [1]
Relations between both countries became strained during World War II. On 8 December 1941, one day after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Costa Rica declared war against Japan, and against Germany and Italy three days later. [4] As a result, the Costa Rican government, led by Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, persecuted citizens from the Axis powers who were living in Costa Rica, as well as their descendants. [4] In 1944, during the later stages of the war, Costa Rican doctor Carlos Luis Collado Martínez, who had studied in the University of Bologna, was killed in Casalecchio di Reno by the Panzergrenadier Division Großdeutschland during the Italian resistance movement. [5]
After the war, both countries reestablished their relations in 1948. [6]
Costa Rica is an active member of the international community and, in 1983, claimed it was for neutrality. Due to certain powerful constituencies favoring its methods, it has a weight in world affairs far beyond its size. The country lobbied aggressively for the establishment of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights and became the first nation to recognize the jurisdiction of the Inter-American Human Rights Court, based in San José.
The foreign relations of the Italian Republic are the Italian government's external relations with the outside world. Located in Europe, Italy has been considered a major Western power since its unification in 1860. Its main allies are the NATO countries and the EU states, two entities of which Italy is a founding member. Italy was admitted to the United Nations in 1955, and it is a member and a strong supporter of a wide number of international organisations, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and World Trade Organization, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Council of Europe, and the Central European Initiative.
Relations between Costa Rica and the United States have been historically close; nevertheless there were instances in history where the US and Costa Rica disagreed. One such example might be the case of Freebooter William Walker. Nevertheless, considering that Costa Rica generally supports the U.S. in international fora, especially in the areas of democracy and human rights, modern day relations are very strong.
Chile–Italy relations are the current and historical relations between the Republic of Chile and the Italian Republic. The relationship between Chile and Italy is based on a long history of contacts that have taken place at the political level, but also due to the presence of an important Italian community in Chile and Chileans in Italy. Both nations are members of the OECD and the United Nations.
Italy–Uruguay relations are the current and historical relations between Italy and Uruguay. Both nations enjoy friendly relations, the importance of which centers on the history of Italian migration to Uruguay. Approximately 40% of the Uruguayan population is of Italian origin. Both nations are members of the United Nations.
The Embassy of Costa Rica in Washington, D.C. is the diplomatic mission of Costa Rica to the United States. It is located at 2114 S Street Northwest, Washington, D.C. in the Kalorama neighborhood.
Brazil–Italy relations are the diplomatic relations between Brazil and Italy. Both nations enjoy friendly and semi-privileged relations, the importance of which centres on the history of Italian migration to Brazil. Approximately 31 million Brazilians claimed to have Italian ancestry making it the largest number of people with full or partial Italian ancestry outside Italy, with the Brazilian city of São Paulo being the most populous city with Italian ancestry in the entire world. Both nations are mutual members of the G20 major economies, United Nations and the World Trade Organization.
Panama–Spain relations are the diplomatic relations between Panama and Spain. Both nations are members of the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language and the Organization of Ibero-American States.
Honduras-Italy relations refer to bilateral relations between Honduras and Italy. Honduras has an embassy in Rome. Italy has a non-resident ambassador based in Guatemala City accredited to Honduras.
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