 | |
 Croatia |  Iran |
|---|---|
| Diplomatic mission | |
| Croatian embassy in Tehran | Iranian embassy in Zagreb |
Croatia and Iran established diplomatic relations on April 18, 1992 when Iran became the 7th country in the world and the first among Asian and Muslim-majority[ citation needed ] countries to recognize the newly independent Croatia. Croatia has an embassy in Tehran while Iran has an embassy and a cultural center in Zagreb. Relations among two countries are described as good and friendly. [1]
Iranian vice-president Hassan Habibi visited Croatia in 1995 while the Iranian president Mohammad Khatami visited Zagreb in 2005. [2] Croatian president Stjepan Mesić had a three-day state visit to Iran in 2001. [3] In 2008 Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad called for expansion of Iran-Croatia ties. During the same year, the Croatian national oil company INA expanded active in the Ardabil Province. [4]
In October 2011, a senior Iranian parliamentary delegation visited Croatia and met with President Ivo Josipović and Foreign Minister Gordan Jandroković.[ citation needed ]
President of the Iranian Parliament Ali Larijani met with the President of the Croatian Parliament Josip Leko in October 2013. Both of them expressed their desire to strengthen cooperation between Iran and Croatia in the field of economy, trade, culture, science, sports, agriculture and energy, as well as to expand parliamentary cooperation. Larijani stated that "Iran and Croatia have historical ties", while Leko stated that "Iran and Croatia base their relations on friendship and understanding". [5]
Delegation of the Croatian-Iranian inter-parliamentary friendship group visited Tehran in March 2014, emphasizing the need for further development of relations between two countries. Just before this visit, Croatian President Josipović stressed Croatian desire for expand relations with Iran in the field of politics, economy and culture. [6]
High representative of the Iranian Parliament, Hossein Sheikholeslam visited Croatia in October 2014 at the invitation of Mladen Novak, the President of the Croatian-Iranian Friendship Group of the Croatian Parliament. Delegation met with Foreign Minister Vesna Pusić, President Ivo Josipović, and President of the Croatian Parliament Josip Leko.[ citation needed ]
In January 2015, Croatian Foreign Minister Vesna Pusić visited Iran where she met with Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, Vice President Shahindokht Molaverdi, Vice President Masoumeh Ebtekar, Speaker of Parliament Ali Larijani and Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif. Minister Pusić pointed out that the time of her visit to Iran, which occurred during the negotiations on Iran nuclear deal, was "the right time to strengthen bilateral relations between Croatia and Iran". Pusić also stated that Croatia as EU member state strongly supports the efforts made by both sides in negotiations on Iran nuclear deal in order to ensure the successful completion of the negotiations. Minister Zarif pointed out that Pusić's visit to Iran would strengthen bilateral relations between two countries and that Croatia is extremely important Iranian partner within the European Union. Vice President and Head of Department of Environment Molaverdi was talking with Minister Pusić about strengthening bilateral cooperation between Iran and Croatia in the field of environmental protection. They all emphasized the importance of continuing the fight against terrorism, extremism and violence. [7] [8] [9] During the visit, delegations agreed to set up in near future a mixed commission of economic experts. [10]
Economic cooperation between Croatia and Iran is low due to sanctions against Iran. In 2012 Croatia exported to Iran goods worth $2.9 million [11] and imported from it goods worth $2.19 million. [11]
On March 22, 2012 Croatia and other 27 European Union member states banned the import, purchase and transport of oil and oil and petrochemical products from Iran. It is also prohibited for Croatian companies to provide any financing or financial assistance, insurance or re-insurance related to the import, purchase or transport of Iranian crude oil and petroleum products. In addition, all Croatian citizens who sail under the Croatian flag are banned for selling and purchasing equipment that can be used in the oil industry in Iran. [12]
CEOs of the Tobacco factory Rovinj and the Iranian Tobacco Company signed in 2010 a contract for building a joint tobacco factory in Iran. The factory was opened in 2013 in the town of Sari and is the largest tobacco factory in the Middle East. The investment is worth 30 million euros, and the capacity of the factory is 6 billion cigarettes a year. [13]
During the visit of the Iranian delegation to Croatia in October 2011, a contact that focuses on cooperation in shipbuilding between the Iranian provinces Kermanshah and Khozestan and Croatian Split-Dalmatia County was signed. Iran and the Croatian shipyard in Rijeka had previously cooperated. [14] This contract was eventually terminated due to the imposition of sanctions against Iran. [10]
Iranian ambassador to Croatia Mohammad Taherian Fard stated in an interview for Večernji list in April 2015 that he received instructions directly from the President Hassan Rouhani to strengthen political, cultural and especially economic relations with Croatia. In addition, Ambassador also stated that Iran's strategic plan is to make Croatia a distributor of Iranian gas to many European countries. [10]
On May 18, 2016, Croatian president Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović visited Iran, and signed Agreement on Economic Cooperation. [1]
The Iran national football team in recently has been heavily influenced by football doctrines of Croatia, with Croatian managers dominate Iranian football scheme. [15]
Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović is a Croatian politician and diplomat who served as President of Croatia from 2015 to 2020. She was the first woman to be elected to the office since the first multi-party elections in 1990 and independence from Yugoslavia in 1991. At 46 years of age, she also became the youngest person to assume the presidency.
Croatia recognizes life partnerships for same-sex couples through the Life Partnership Act, making same-sex couples equal to married couples in almost all of its aspects. The Act also recognizes and defines unregistered same-sex relationships as informal life partners, thus making them equal to registered life partnerships after they have been cohabiting for a minimum of 3 years. Croatia first recognized same-sex couples in 2003 through a law on unregistered same-sex unions, which was later replaced by the Life Partnership Act. The Croatian Parliament passed the new law on 15 July 2014, taking effect in two stages. Following a 2013 referendum, the Constitution of Croatia has limited marriage to opposite-sex couples.
Iran–Venezuela relations have strengthened substantially in recent years. "Iran and Venezuela are two friendly and united states which pave their ways to further progress and welfare for their nations", according to President Rouhani. The two countries are contemporary strategic allies of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China while opposing U.S. hegemony in their respective regions.
The foreign, diplomatic, economic, and political relations between Croatia and the United States were established on April 7, 1992 following the dissolution of Yugoslavia. After Croatia's debut as an independent state in 1996, the U.S. established the country as its most important political connection to Southeast Europe. Modern relations are considered to be warm and friendly, with stalwart bilateral collaboration. The Croatian diaspora in the U.S. is estimated to be around 500,000 which, in part, informs the foreign policy of Croatia. The two nations have strong connectivity through tourism, immigration, foreign aid, and economic mutualism.
Croatia and Greece established diplomatic relations on July 20, 1992. Since November 1994, Greece has an embassy in Zagreb. Croatia has an embassy in Athens. The relations between Croatia and Greece have been regarded as excellent with a high cooperation between the two countries on the economic, touristic and political aspect. Greece was a key supporter during the accession process of Croatia to the European Union. Both countries are full members of the European Union, NATO and of the Council of Europe.
Croatia–Kosovo relations refer to the bilateral relations of Croatia and Kosovo. Diplomatic relations among two countries were established on 30 June 2008, following Kosovo's declaration of independence. Croatia has an embassy in Pristina, and Kosovo has one in Zagreb. Both countries were part of Yugoslavia from 1918 to 1991. Relations between the two countries are described as very good and friendly.
Presidential elections were held in Croatia on 27 December 2009 and 10 January 2010. Twelve candidates participated in the first round, prior to a run-off between first-round winner Ivo Josipović and runner-up Milan Bandić. In the run-off, Josipović won a landslide victory, receiving 60.3% of the vote becoming the first elected president nominated by the Social Democratic Party of Croatia (SDP). The incumbent president Stjepan Mesić, who was first elected in 2000 as the candidate of the Croatian People's Party and re-elected in 2005 as an independent, was ineligible to seek re-election to a third term due to term limits.
Foreign relations between Croatia and Serbia are bound together by shared history, cultural ties and geography. The two states established diplomatic relations in 1996, following the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the Croatian War of Independence and the independence of Croatia. Modern diplomatic relations are functional but cool, stemming from historic nation-building conflict and divergent political ideologies. Their relationship holds geopolitical importance in Southeast Europe given their economic influence in the region.
Chile and Croatia both enjoy friendly relations, the importance of which centers on the history of Croatian migration to Chile. There is a community of approximately 200,000 - 400,000 Chileans of Croatian descent.
A bilateral relationship exists between Croatia and Austria. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on January 15, 1992, following Croatia's independence from SFR Yugoslavia.
Full diplomatic relations between Croatia and Israel were established on April 9, 1997 following Croatia's independence from SFR Yugoslavia. Croatia has an embassy in Tel Aviv and honorary consulates in Ashdod, Caesarea, Jerusalem and Kfar Shmaryahu. Israel has an embassy in Zagreb. Relations between the two countries are described as friendly and highly cooperative. In recent years, Croatia and Israel have intensified bilateral relations and defence and security cooperation. Croatia is one of the countries Israel occasionally turns to inside the EU to advocate on its behalf and it generally abstains or votes with Israel on key EU votes at the UN. Israeli president Reuven Rivlin described Croatia in 2019 as "Israel's strong ally in the EU, the UN and other multilateral organizations."
Croatia–Syria relations are bilateral relations between Croatia and the Syrian Arab Republic. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 August 1997. Croatia is represented in Syria through its embassy in Cairo in Egypt and an honorary consulate in Damascus. Syria is represented in Croatia through its embassy in Budapest, Hungary and an honorary consulate in Zagreb. Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean, although Syria suspended its membership in 2011.
A referendum on the EU accession of the Republic of Croatia was held on 22 January 2012. Croatia finished accession (membership) negotiations on 30 June 2011 and signed the Treaty of Accession on 9 December 2011, setting it on course to become the bloc's 28th member state. The Constitution of Croatia requires that a binding referendum be held on any political union reducing national sovereignty, such as via European Union membership. On 23 December 2011 the Croatian Parliament made a preliminary decision on EU accession and determined that the referendum would be held on 22 January 2012. The 2012 Croatian EU accession referendum was the first referendum held in Croatia since the Croatian independence referendum held more than 20 years earlier, in 1991.
The nations of and Iran and Mexico established diplomatic relations in 1964. Both nations are members of the Group of 15, Group of 24, and the United Nations.
Pero Kovačević is Croatian lawyer and politician. Kovačević was the most active member of parliament during the 5th assembly of the Sabor, the Croatian parliament.
Split Pride is the LGBT pride march in the Croatian city of Split. Split was the second city in Croatia after Zagreb to get its LGBT pride, with the first taking place on the 11 June 2011.
Presidential elections were held in Croatia on 28 December 2014 and 11 January 2015, the sixth such elections since independence in 1991. Only four candidates contested the elections, the lowest number since 1997. Incumbent President Ivo Josipović, who had been elected as the candidate of the Social Democratic Party in 2009–2010 but ran as an independent, was eligible to seek reelection for a second and final five-year term. As no candidate received 50% of the vote in the first round in December 2014, a run-off took place in January 2015 between the two candidates with the most votes; Josipović and Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović. Grabar-Kitarović went on to win the elections by a slim margin of 32,509 votes or 1.48%, making her Croatia's first female president.
Forward Croatia - Progressive Alliance was a centre-left political party founded by former Croatian President Ivo Josipović.
Croatia–Kurdistan Region relations are bilateral relations between Croatia and Kurdistan Region. Croatia has plans of opening a consulate in Erbil, while Kurdistan Region has no representation in Croatia. In August 2014, after a request by the United States, Croatian authorities sent an undisclosed amount of weapons to Kurdistan Region. The weapons were mostly of Yugoslav origin. Later, it was revealed that the military aid included 20,000 pieces of HS Produkt VHSs.
Dejan Jović is a political scientist from Croatia. He is a full-time professor at the Faculty of Political Science at the University of Zagreb. From 2012 to 2020, Jović was editor-in-chief of the Croatian Political Science Review, one of the leading academic journals of political science and social science in Southeast Europe. He is also one of the founders and editor-in-chief of the peer reviewed journal Tragovi: Journal for Serbian and Croatian Topics published by the Serb National Council and the Archive of Serbs in Croatia.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)| Africa |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Americas | ||
| Asia | ||
| Europe | ||
| Oceania | ||
| Multilateral | ||
| Related topics | ||
see also: Foreign relations of Yugoslavia | ||
| Africa |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Americas | ||
| Asia |
| |
| Europe | ||
| Oceania | ||
| Former | ||
| Multilateral relations | ||
| Disputes | ||
| Related | ||
