Croatian months

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The Croatian months used with the Gregorian calendar by Croats differ from the original Latin month names:

The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most of the world. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582. The calendar spaces leap years to make the average year 365.2425 days long, approximating the 365.2422-day tropical year that is determined by the Earth's revolution around the Sun. The rule for leap years is:

Every year that is exactly divisible by four is a leap year, except for years that are exactly divisible by 100, but these centurial years are leap years if they are exactly divisible by 400. For example, the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 are not leap years, but the year 2000 is.

Croats Slavic ethnic group

Croats or Croatians are a nation and South Slavic ethnic group native to Croatia. Croats mainly live in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, but are also recognized minorities in such countries as Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Slovenia.

Contents

No.Latin nameEnglish nameCroatian nameCroatian meaning
1IanuariusJanuarySiječanj month of cutting or hewing (wood), but there are also dialectal terms 'svečan, svičen, sičan' that have a meaning 'festive', so there is a possibility of a meaning 'festive month' (as there are several holidays celebrated in January) [1]
2FebruariusFebruaryVeljačamonth in which days become longer (oveljiti se = to get bigger); [2] also, possibly from "Velja Noć" (Great Night), old Slavic pagan festival that falls in modern-day February
3MartiusMarchOžujaklying month (laž>ož; laž = a lie), because the weather is changing often
4AprilisAprilTravanj month of grass growing [ permanent dead link ]
5MaiusMaySvibanjmonth of budding (svibovina = Cornel tree)
6IuniusJuneLipanj month of the lipa [ permanent dead link ] (lime / linden tree)
7IuliusJulySrpanj month of reaping (with a sickle) [ permanent dead link ]
8AugustusAugustKolovozmonth of driving the wagon (for harvest) — kolo + voziti
9SeptemberSeptemberRujanmonth of animal mating (from archaic verb for animal roar "rjuti", referencing mating calls)
10OctoberOctoberListopadmonth of falling leaves — list + padati
11NovemberNovemberStudeni cold month
12DecemberDecemberProsinacthe beginning of the Sun's shining (sinuti = to dawn); [3] probably used for January at first, as it's still often used for that month in other Slavic languages. Also, less probably month of begging (for food, f.e.), from prositi = to beg.

Some names are derived from archaic Croatian-Slavic words that are no longer found in standard Croatian dictionaries. In some cases even the meaning of those words is ambiguous.

In Macedonian, Listopad is also the (archaic) name for October but Polish/Czech listopad, Belarusian 'listapad' ('Лістапад') and Ukrainian "листопад" mean November. Likewise, Polish sierpień, Czech srpen and Ukrainian Серпень mean August rather than July, Czech říjen means October rather than September, Slovenian prosinec means January rather than December, and Polish lipiec, Belarusian Лiпень, and Ukrainian Липень mean July rather than June.

See also

While many Slavic languages officially use Latin-derived names for the months of the year in the Gregorian calendar, there is also a set of older names for the twelve months that differs from the Latin month names, as they are of Slavic origin. In some languages, such as the Serbian language these traditional names have since been archaized and are thus seldom used.

Slavic Native Faiths calendars and holidays

In Slavic Native Faith (Rodnovery) there are a number of shared holidays throughout the year, when important ritual activities are set according to shared calendars. Generally speaking, ritual activities may be distinguished into "external" (exoteric) and "internal" (esoteric) relatively to the different communities. External ceremonies are mass gatherings, usually held on important holidays dedicated to the worship of common gods, and involving large numbers of people. Internal ceremonies are those restricted to specific groups, and holding special meaning for such groups; they may comprise private rituals and worship of specific ancestors.

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Listopad may refer to:

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References

  1. ↑ "NAZIV MJESECI U GODINI NA HRVATSKOM". hamdočamo. 7 February 2011. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  2. ↑ "veljača | Hrvatska enciklopedija". www.enciklopedija.hr. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  3. ↑ "prosinac | Hrvatska enciklopedija". www.enciklopedija.hr. Retrieved 24 May 2017.


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