Cubilin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CUBN gene. [5] [6] [7] It is present upon the luminal surface of enterocytes of the ileum where it facilitates absorption of vitamin B12 by acting as a receptor for IF-cobalamin (intrinsic factor - vitamin B12) complexes, enabling endocytosis of complexes by means of amnionless (AMN). [8] [9]
Cubilinis essentially only present in the small intestine and kidneys. [10]
A complex of amnionless and cubilin forms the cubam receptor.[ citation needed ]
Mutations in CUBN may play a role in autosomal recessive megaloblastic anemia. [7]
Cubilin is a potential diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarker for kidney cancer. [11] Based on patient survival data, high levels of cubilin in tumor cells is a favourable prognostic biomarker in renal cell carcinoma. [12] [13]