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Arthur Mitchell Sackler was an American psychiatrist and marketer of pharmaceuticals whose fortune originated in medical advertising and trade publications. He was also an art collector. He was one of the three patriarchs of the controversial Sackler family pharmaceutical dynasty.
Purdue Pharma L.P.,formerly the Purdue Frederick Company (1892–2019),was an American privately held pharmaceutical company founded by John Purdue Gray. It was sold to Arthur,Mortimer,and Raymond Sackler in 1952,and then owned principally by the Sackler family and their descendants.
Raymond Sackler was an American physician and businessman. He acquired Purdue Pharma together with his brothers Arthur M. Sackler and Mortimer Sackler. Purdue Pharma is the developer of OxyContin,the drug at the center of the opioid epidemic in the United States.
Mortimer David Sackler was an American-born psychiatrist and entrepreneur who was a co-owner,with his brothers Arthur and Raymond,of Purdue Pharma. During his lifetime,Sackler's philanthropy included donations to the Metropolitan Museum of Art,the Tate Gallery,the Royal College of Art,the Louvre and Berlin's Jewish Museum.
A pill mill is an illegal facility that resembles a regular pain clinic,but regularly prescribes painkillers (narcotics) without sufficient medical history,physical examination,diagnosis,medical monitoring,or documentation. Clients of these facilities usually receive prescriptions only against cash. Pill mills contribute to the opioid epidemic in the United States and are the subject of a number of legislative initiatives at the state level.
There is an ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States,originating out of both medical prescriptions and illegal sources. The epidemic began in the United States in the late 1990s,according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),when opioids were increasingly prescribed for pain management,resulting in a rise in overall opioid use throughout subsequent years.
Richard Stephen Sackler is an American billionaire businessman and physician who was the chairman and president of Purdue Pharma,a former company best known as the developer of OxyContin,whose connection to the opioid epidemic in the United States was the subject of multiple lawsuits and fines,and that filed for bankruptcy in 2019. It has been claimed that Richard Sackler's Purdue is among ”the worst drug dealers in history”and the Sackler family have been described as the "most evil family in America". The company's downfall was the subject of the 2021 Hulu series Dopesick and the 2023 Netflix series Painkiller.
Massachusetts v. Purdue is a lawsuit filed on August 14,2018,suing the Stamford,Connecticut-based company Purdue Pharma LP,which created and manufactures OxyContin,"one of the most widely used and prescribed opioid drugs on the market",and Purdue's owners,the Sacklers accusing them of "widespread fraud and deception in the marketing of opioids,and contributing to the opioid crisis,the nationwide epidemic that has killed thousands." Purdue denied the allegations.
Barry Meier is a writer and former New York Times journalist who wrote the 2003 non-fiction book Pain Killer:A Wonder Drug's Trail of Addiction and Death. His articles "have led to Congressional hearings and changes in federal laws".
The Sackler family is an American family who owned the pharmaceutical company Purdue Pharma and later founded Mundipharma. Purdue Pharma,and some members of the family,have faced lawsuits regarding overprescription of addictive pharmaceutical drugs,including OxyContin. Purdue Pharma has been criticized for its role in the opioid epidemic in the United States. They have been described as the "most evil family in America",and "the worst drug dealers in history".
Napp Pharmaceuticals Limited is a private pharmaceutical company in Cambridge,United Kingdom that was founded in 1923 and bought by the Sackler family in 1966. Headquartered together with the related Napp Research Centre in the Cambridge Science Park since the 1980s,it is a sister company of Purdue Pharma and Mundipharma,all of which are owned by the descendants of Mortimer and Raymond Sackler.
The opioid epidemic,also referred to as the opioid crisis,is the rapid increase in the overuse,misuse/abuse,and overdose deaths attributed either in part or in whole to the class of drugs called opiates/opioids since the 1990s. It includes the significant medical,social,psychological,demographic and economic consequences of the medical,non-medical,and recreational abuse of these medications.
P.A.I.N. is an advocacy organization founded by artist Nan Goldin to respond to the opioid crisis,specifically targeting the Sackler Family for manufacturing,promoting,and distributing the drug Oxycontin through their corporation Purdue Pharma LP.
The timeline of the opioid epidemic includes selected events related to the origins of Stamford,Connecticut-based Purdue Pharma,the Sackler family,the development and marketing of oxycodone,selected FDA activities related to the abuse and misuse of opioids,the recognition of the opioid epidemic,the social impact of the crisis,lawsuits against Purdue and the Sackler family.
The Crime of the Century is an American two-part documentary film,directed,produced,and written by Alex Gibney. The film follows the opioid epidemic in the United States,and the political operatives,government regulations and corporations that enable the abuse of opioids,particularly the Sackler family and Purdue Pharma.
Joss Sackler is a fashion designer. She is also known for her marriage to David Sackler,whose father Richard Sackler was the chairman and president of Purdue Pharma,and oversaw its manufacturing of the highly addictive opioid Oxycontin,a leading drug in the opioid epidemic.
Painkiller is an American drama miniseries created by Micah Fitzerman-Blue and Noah Harpster. Based on Patrick Radden Keefe's New Yorker article "The Family That Built an Empire of Pain" and Pain Killer:An Empire of Deceit and the Origin of America's Opioid Epidemic by Barry Meier,the series focuses on the birth of the opioid crisis,with an emphasis on Purdue Pharma,the company owned by Richard Sackler and his family that was the manufacturer of OxyContin. The Sackler family has been described as the "most evil family in America",and "the worst drug dealers in history".
Harrington v. Purdue Pharma L.P.,,is a pending United States Supreme Court case regarding Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. This case is about the settlement by Purdue Pharmaceutical for Opioid victims who overdosed with the OxyContin drug produced by their company.
References
- ↑ In 2018, U.S. Representative Mark DeSaulnier sent a request to then U.S. Representative Trey Gowdy asking for a subpoena for the 2003-2006 federal investigation report into Purdue Pharma. The same year, U.S. Senators Maggie Hassan and Sheldon Whitehouse requested the same documentation from now former U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions.
- ↑ U.S. Public Records Index, 1950-1993, Volume 1 via ancestry.com
- ↑ Obituary for Eleanor Wright, 27 June 1989 in Journal Gazette (Mattoon, Illinois), newspapers.com "Area Deaths"
- ↑ Marriage of Curtis Wright III and Eleanor Riedel in Journal Gazette (Mattoon, Illinois) on March 21, 1941, newspapers.com "Society News"
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Poston v. Purdue Pharma, deposition of Curtis Wright IV on July 25, 2003, Transcript. Archived on November 5, 2021, retrieved on January 21, 2022
- ↑ Haverford College, The Record 1971, Haverford, Pennsylvania. Index with Curtis Wright IV on p. 111, indicating photograph of "Curt Wright" on p. 33 (37).
- 1 2 Virginia Board of Medicine Practitioner Information, License No. 0101030321, issued December 4, 1978.
- ↑ U.S. Select Military Registers, 1862-1985, for October 1, 1977.
- ↑ U.S. Select Military Registers, 1862-1985, for October 1, 1983
- ↑ FDA Approval Package for Hoffman-La Roche Inc. dated December 3, 1996. Archived on January 24, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- 1 2 The Tan Sheet, "In Brief: FDA's Curtis Wright, MD", October 13, 1997. Archived on January 25, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- 1 2 3 4 "Applied Clinical Trials""Ex-FDA Division Director Joins Javelin Pharmaceuticals", 9 September 2005, Archived from the original on 22 January 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ Security and Exchange Commission, Archived on January 20, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ "With a History of Political Corruption, Rock Creek Pharma Files for Bankruptcy", Biospace, September 29, 2016. Archived on January 20, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ A Superpages outdated listing for Curtis Wright IV LLC. The office is currently occupied by the Gloucester Biotechnology Academy. Archived on January 24, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ State of Massachusetts Business Entity Summary. Archived on January 20, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- 1 2 Keefe, Patrick Radden (2021). Empire of Pain: The Secret History of the Sackler Dynasty (First ed.). London: Picador. pp. 272–284. ISBN 978-1-5290-6307-3. OCLC 1249442332.
- ↑ Former New York Times journalist Barry Meier acquired a copy of the document leaked from an unknown source in the Justice Department, as did Alex Gibney, the producer of the 2021 documentary film The Crime of the Century.
- 1 2 From an Internal Memorandum of the U.S. Department of Justice Criminal Division from Kirk Ogrosky, Deputy Chief of the Fraud Section, to Steve R. Tyrell, Chief of the Fraud Section, and Paul E. Pelletier, Principal Deputy Chief for Litigation in the Fraud section, dated October 6, 2006. Archived on January 20, 2022 and retrieved ebenda.
- 1 2 3 4 Deposition transcript of Curtis Wright in 2018 National Prescription Opiate Litigation. Archived on January 25, 2022 and retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ 2007 US v. Purdue Frederick [i.bnet.com/blogs/purdue-agreed-facts.pdf plea agreement order] for the conviction of Purdue Frederick and its employees Michael Friedman, Howard Udell, and Paul Goldenbaum. Archived on February 1, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ Google patents listing Wright and Purdue Pharma as patent holders. Archived January 24, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ The Commonwealth of Kentucky v. Purdue Pharma testimony of Richard Sackler on August 28, 2015. PDF archived on February 1, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ National Institute on Drug Abuse, Problems of Drug Dependence 1999: Proceedings of the 61st Annual Scientific Meeting, "The Search for the Non-Addicting Opioid Analgesic: Hope or Hype" by Curtis Wright, published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1999, p. 31. Archived on February 2, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ The National Library of Medicine, "Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies for Drugs with Abuse Liability" by Curtis Wright IV, Sidney Schnoll, and David Bernstein, November 2008. Also available on ResearchGate Retrieved on February 1, 2022.
- ↑ "Watch Painkiller | Netflix Official Site". www.netflix.com. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ↑ Porter, Rick (October 4, 2021). "Taylor Kitsch Boards Netflix's Opioid Crisis Drama 'Painkiller'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ↑ Biggs, Jade (August 11, 2021). "OITNB's Uzo Aduba is starring in a Netflix series about the opioid crisis". Cosmopolitan. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ↑ Internet Movie Database Dopesick, Full Cast and Crew, retrieved on February 2, 2022.
- ↑ Internet Movie Database The Crime of the Century, retrieved on February 2, 2022.
- ↑ cf. Farhad Manjoo, "America Desperately Needs a Much Better F.D.A.", in The New York Times, September 2, 2021, and Ritchie Farrell, "Heroin: How Big Pharma Created America's Worst Health Crisis" in HuffPost, November 11, 2017. Retrieved on February 2, 2022.
- ↑ Esquire magazine, "The Secretive Family Making Billions From the Opioid Crisis", October 17, 2017. Archived on January 22, 2022, retrieved ebenda.
- ↑ WMUR-TV, "Key FDA researcher who evaluated OxyContin for agency now lives in northern New Hampshire town", November 8, 2023. Archived on November 20, 2023.