| Deroceras juranum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
| Superorder: | Eupulmonata |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Agriolimacidae |
| Genus: | Deroceras |
| Species: | D. juranum |
| Binomial name | |
| Deroceras juranum Wüthrich, 1993 [1] | |
Deroceras juranum is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae.
Wüthrich (1993) [1] described Deroceras juranum from the Jura Mountains in Switzerland, distinguishing it from the co-occurring Deroceras rodnae on the basis of Deroceras juranum's distinct violet coloration. Later the same coloration was found in Austrian populations by Jordaens et al. (1998) [2] and in other species of Deroceras by Reise & Hutchinson (2001). [3] Reise (1997) [4] demonstrated that the violet coloration was controlled by a single Mendelian-inherited gene and thus considered Deroceras juranum to be a variety of Deroceras rodnae. It is treated thus in Wiktor’s (2000) [5] monograph of the Agriolimacidae.
Hutchinson & Reise (2009) [6] later realised that what had been considered Deroceras rodnae was actually two species with radically different mating behaviours and consistent, although subtle, differences in morphology. Molecular analyses supported this distinction. The more easterly distributed species can retain the name Deroceras rodnae, and the westerly distributed species must, somewhat confusingly, take the name Deroceras juranum.
Externally Deroceras juranum is indistinguishable from many other Deroceras , such as Deroceras praecox , Deroceras rodnae , Deroceras turcicum and Deroceras reticulatum . It is polymorphic in colour. [4] Identifications to species level require dissection: illustrations of the genitalia are depicted in work by Hutchinson & Reise (2009). [6]
Hutchinson & Reise (2009) [6] confirmed that, besides the type locality in Jura Mountains of Switzerland, other populations in the Swiss Jura Mountains, Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic were Deroceras juranum. Earlier records of Deroceras rodnae s. l. from the west of its range are liable to refer to Deroceras juranum, but identifications from Spain and Italy have been questioned. [6]
Apophallation is the biting off of the penis, known to occur in terrestrial slugs, which are hermaphroditic gastropod mollusks. It has been reported in some species of banana slugs, Ariolimax, and in the distantly related Deroceras laeve.
The red slug, also known as the large red slug, chocolate arion and European red slug, is a species of land slug in the family Arionidae, the roundback slugs.
Deroceras praecox is a species of small air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae.
Deroceras laeve, the marsh slug, is a species of small air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae.
Arion distinctus is a species of air-breathing land slug in the family Arionidae, sometimes known as the roundback slugs. It is a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc. Several vernacular names exist, but it is unclear if they are much in use: brown soil slug, common garden slug, darkface arion, Mabille's orange-soled slug, April slug.
Deroceras reticulatum, common names the "grey field slug" and "grey garden slug", is a species of small air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae. This species is an important agricultural pest.
Agriolimacidae is a family of small and medium-sized land slugs, or shell-less snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.
Deroceras is a taxonomic genus of small to medium sized air-breathing land slugs in the family Agriolimacidae.
Limacidae, also known by their common name the keelback slugs, are a taxonomic family of medium-sized to very large, air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Limacoidea.
Deroceras turcicum is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae.
Deroceras panormitanum is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae. This article is about Deroceras panormitanumsensu stricto, which occurs predominantly only on Sicily and Malta. Previous to 2011, this name was also applied to what turned out to be a distinct species, Deroceras invadens, a species which has spread around the world and is often a pest. Because this is a recent change in the taxonomy, for information on the species commonly referred to in the literature before 2011 as Deroceras panormitanum, please see Deroceras invadens.
Deroceras rodnae is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae.
Milacidae is a family of air-breathing, keeled, land slugs. These are shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Parmacelloidea.
Boettgerilla pallens, common name the worm slug, is a European species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Boettgerillidae.
Deroceras invadens is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae. Until 2011, this widely distributed species was known as Deroceras panormitanum, and earlier as Deroceras caruanae or Agriolimax caruanae, but Reise et al. (2011) showed that these names refer to a distinct species of similar external appearance known at that time only from Sicily and Malta. Consequently, although the more widespread species was already well known, it then had to be redescribed under the new name of D. invadens. Genetic evidence has indicated that D. invadens is native in southern Italy, including parts of Sicily, and possibly parts of central Italy. Elsewhere it has been introduced, predominantly within the last 100 years, but its spread has been constrained by cold winter temperatures.
The mating of gastropods is a vast and varied topic, because the taxonomic class Gastropoda is very large and diverse, a group comprising sea snails and sea slugs, freshwater snails and land snails and slugs. Gastropods are second only to the class Insecta in terms of total number of species. Some gastropods have separate sexes, others are hermaphroditic. Some hermaphroditic groups have simultaneous hermaphroditism, whereas some sequential hermaphroditism. In addition, numerous very different mating strategies are used within different taxa.
Deroceras cecconii is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Agriolimacidae. Although it was long considered a synonym of Deroceras panormitanum, a 2020 article establishes that it is a distinct species widely distributed in the central part of the Italian peninsula. It is also known as an introduction at one site in eastern Germany.