Dharavi Island

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Dharavi Island (also known as Dharavi Bhet) is an island situated at the mouth of Vasai Creek on the western side of Salsette Island, within the city of Mumbai, India. [1] Dharavi Island comprises six villages, Dongri, Uttan, Pali, Chowk, Gorai, and Manori. [2]

Contents

History

1893 Map of Salsette Island showing Dharavi Island at top Left corner IslandsofBombay1893.jpg
1893 Map of Salsette Island showing Dharavi Island at top Left corner

Dharavi Island is located on the western side of Salsette, situated at the mouth of the Bassein creek. The island is named after the Dharavi Devi Mandir, a Hindu temple dedicated to the mother goddess Dharavi. [3] [4] The word, Dharavi translates to loose mud in Tamil language. There, confusion often arises between Dharavi Island and Dharavi, a residential slum area of Mumbai. [2]

Dharavi Island is also home to the East Indian community, who are considered the original residents of Bombay, tracing their roots back to places like the Isle of Bombay, Thane, Salsette, and Bassein (now Vasai). In the 15th and 16th centuries, Portuguese missionaries converted locals to Roman Catholicism, particularly among farming, fishing, and salt-making communities. [5]

Culture

Kulvem Village in Gorai retains much of its traditional ambience. The East Indians are mainly engaged in agriculture, and live in century-old homes with Mangalorean tiled roofs, wooden balconies, and spacious kitchens equipped with backdoors for livestock like pigs. [2]

In Uttan, the East Indian Museum, founded by the Mogai Gauthan Panchayat, displays artefacts like the 'Puraan', a Bible from 17th-century, written in the East Indian language using the Roman script. [2]

There are many religious places on the island, like Our Lady of the Sea Church in Uttan, which was built around 1664, and the over 400-year-old Our Lady of Bethlehem Church. [6] The remnants of Infant Jesus Church, which was destroyed after the Maratha invasion in 1739, are visible from Vairala Tank. [2] [7]

These villages of Dharavi Island are primarily inhabited by marginalized communities, including the Kolis, the Kunbis, and the Bhandaris. [8]

Economy

Women working in Uttan, Velankanni Beach of Dharavi Island Women at work in Uttan - Velankanni Beach.jpg
Women working in Uttan, Velankanni Beach of Dharavi Island

Women's groups on Dharavi Island engage in various activities, including preparing fish and vegetable pickles, crafting bottle masalas, and making rice handbreads. They also run catering services, make candles, and participate in other Income Generation Programs (IGPs). These groups receive ongoing training to improve product quality and marketing abilities. [8]

Archaeology

In the archaeological discoveries of Dharavi Island, two Gadhegals or donkey stones from the 12th century were found, depicting a donkey engaged in intercourse with a woman. Over generations, villagers have held these stones in reverence. In 2012, archaeologists interpreted these stones as declarations of land grants, warning of severe punishment for trespassers. [2] [9]

See also

Related Research Articles

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Mira Road is a suburb north of Mumbai in Thane District and is also a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. It falls within the Police Jurisdiction of Mira-Bhayander, Vasai-Virar Police Commissionerate. Mira Road is situated in the north-western portion of Salsette Island, Maharashtra state, India. Mira Road has a large Marathi population followed by other ethnic groups.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gorai</span> Village in Maharashtra

Gorai ([ɡoɾaːi]) is a village at Dharavi Bhet, in Mumbai, India. It is located on the North-western part of the island of Salsette. Gorai is accessed more usually by a ferry crossing the Manori Creek and Gorai creek or otherwise by the overland route through Bhayander. Gorai is bordered by the villages of Manori and Uttan, Pali, Chowk, Dongri, Tarodi, Rai, Morva and Murdhe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geography of Mumbai</span>

Mumbai (Bombay) is India's most populous city with a population of 20 Million. It is located on Salsette Island off the coast of Maharashtra. The original Seven Islands of Bombay were merged by the British in the 18th century, to form one large island.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fort Vasai</span> Fort in Vasai, Maharashtra, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Vasai</span> 1739 conflict between the Portuguese and Maratha Empires in India

The Battle of Vasai or the Battle of Bassein was fought between the Marathas and the Portuguese rulers of Vasai, a town near Mumbai (Bombay) in the Konkan region of the present-day state of Maharashtra, India. The Marathas were led by Chimaji Appa, a brother of Peshwa Baji Rao I.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manori</span> Village in Maharashtra

Manori is a village located on Dharavi Bet in northern Mumbai, India. It is known for its beach and the Manori Creek.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chimaji Appa</span> Indian mililtary commander

Chimaji Balaji Bhat, commonly known as Chimaji Appa, was a military commander and statesman of the Maratha Empire. As the younger brother of Peshwa Bajirao I and the son of Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath, Chimaji played a crucial role in expanding and consolidating Maratha power during the early 18th century. Known for his strategic acumen and leadership in various military campaigns, Chimaji is particularly celebrated for his successful campaign against the Portuguese, which culminated in the capture of the Vasai fort in 1739.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mira-Bhayandar</span> Place in Maharashtra, India

Mira-Bhayandar is a city and municipal corporation in Thane district in the state of Maharashtra, India located in the northern part of Salsette Island before the Vasai Creek, and shares a border with North Mumbai. Mira-Bhayandar is administered by Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation (MBMC), with a population at the 2011 Census of 809,378. Mira-Bhayandar is a part of Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) and Mira-Bhayander, Vasai-Virar (MBVV) Police Commissionerate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Koli Christians</span> Subgroup of the Koli caste in Konkan division of Maharashtra

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Bombay under Portuguese rule (1534–1661)</span>

Bombay, also called Bom Bahia or Bom Baim in Indo-Portuguese creole, Mumbai in the local language; is the financial and commercial capital of India and one of the most populous cities in the world. It's also the cosmopolitan city centre of the Greater Bombay Metropolitan Area, and the cultural base of the Bollywood film industry. At the time of arrival of the Portuguese Armadas, Bombay was an archipelago of seven islands. Between the third century BCE and 1348, the islands came under the control of successive Hindu dynasties. The Delhi Sultanate had been ruling the area along with Chaul, New Bombay (Thana) & Damaon; with the local administration at Bassein (Vasai) since the raids of Malik Kafur in the Konkan region and across the Indian subcontinent. This territory in North Konkan along with the Bombay islands were later taken over by the Sultan of Guzerat from 1391 to 1534, when he had declared the end of the suzerainty to Delhi, after the Timurid invasion of it. Growing apprehensive of the power of the Moghal emperor Humayun, Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat was obliged to sign the Treaty of Bassein on 23 December 1534; according to which, the seven islands of Bombay, Fort San Sebastian of Bassein in strategic town of Bassein (Vasai), and its dependencies were offered to the Portuguese East Indies. The places were only later officially surrendered on 25 October 1535, by the Sultan of Guzerat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Uttan</span> Town in Maharashtra, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marve Island</span>

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The Indo-Portuguese Creole of Bombay was a creole language based on Portuguese, which grew out of the long contact between the Portuguese and local languages such as Konkani, Marathi & Gujarati. Currently this language is extinct. It was spoken in Bombay (Mumbai), India: Which broadly includes Bassein (Vasai), Salsette, Taana (Trombay), Chevai, Mahim, Tecelaria, Dadar, Parel, Cavel, Bandora-Badra, Govai, Marol, Andheri, Versova, Malvan, Manori, Mazagaon. This language was, after the Ceylon creole dialect of Indo-Portuguese, the most important. In 1906 there were still close to 5,000 people who spoke Portuguese creole as their mother tongue, 2,000 in Mumbai and Mahim, 1000 in Bandora, 500 in Thana, 100 in Curla (Kurla), 50 in Bassein (Vasai) and 1,000 in other towns. There were, at that time, schools that taught the creole and the rich classes, which were replaced by the English language.

References

  1. "Dharavi". Maharashtra.gov.in. Maharashtra Gazetteers.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ramos, Dalreen (September 6, 2018). "The other Dharavi you didn't know of". Mid Day.
  3. "भाईंदरच्या तारोडी गावातील धारावी देवी" (in Marathi). Lokmat. October 8, 2019.
  4. Thakur, Mayur (October 18, 2023). "भाईंदरच्या तारोडी परिसरातील सुप्रसिद्ध धारावी देवी" (in Marathi). Lokmat.
  5. Gadge, Kasturi (September 8, 2019). "Go island hopping with original inhabitants of Mumbai". Mid Day.
  6. Datta, Rangan. "Who are the East Indians of India's western coast and what is their Portuguese link". The Telegraph. My Kolkata. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  7. James Burgess; Henry Cousens (1897). Revised Lists of Antiquarian Remains in the Bombay Presidency. Printed at the Government central Press. p. 110. Dharavi Island, on the west of Silsette, at the mouth of the Bassein Creek, has, on a ridge of bill, the ruins of a large Portuguese church and the remains of a fort with a tank.
  8. 1 2 "Dharavi Island". Centre for Social Action. 2024.
  9. Sunavala, Nergish (February 25, 2016). "'Ass curse' on boundary stones is the subject of new research of Mumbai University". The Times of India .

19°15′N72°48′E / 19.250°N 72.800°E / 19.250; 72.800