The panga, or panga seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Pterogymnus. This species is endemic to the coasts of South Africa. The panga is an important species in commercial line fisheries off South Africa.
A tuna is a saltwater fish that belongs to the tribe Thunnini, a subgrouping of the Scombridae (mackerel) family. The Thunnini comprise 15 species across five genera, the sizes of which vary greatly, ranging from the bullet tuna up to the Atlantic bluefin tuna, which averages 2 m (6.6 ft) and is believed to live up to 50 years.
Mackerel is a common name applied to a number of different species of pelagic fish, mostly from the family Scombridae. They are found in both temperate and tropical seas, mostly living along the coast or offshore in the oceanic environment.
Herring are various species of forage fish, belonging to the order Clupeiformes.
Sardine and pilchard are common names for various species of small, oily forage fish in the herring suborder Clupeoidei. The term 'sardine' was first used in English during the early 15th century; a somewhat dubious etymology says it comes from the Italian island of Sardinia, around which sardines were once supposedly abundant.
Sprat is the common name applied to a group of forage fish belonging to the genus Sprattus in the family Clupeidae. The term also is applied to a number of other small sprat-like forage fish. Like most forage fishes, sprats are highly active, small, oily fish. They travel in large schools with other fish and swim continuously throughout the day.
The billfish are a group (Xiphioidea) of saltwater predatory fish characterised by prominent pointed bills (rostra), and by their large size; some are longer than 4 m (13 ft). Extant billfish include sailfish and marlin, which make up the family Istiophoridae; and swordfish, sole member of the family Xiphiidae. They are often apex predators which feed on a wide variety of smaller fish, crustaceans and cephalopods. These two families are sometimes classified as belonging to the order Istiophoriformes, a group which originated around 71 million years ago in the Late Cretaceous, with the two families diverging around 15 million years ago in the Late Miocene. However, they are also classified as being closely related to the mackerels and tuna within the suborder Scombroidei of the order Perciformes. However, the 5th edition of the Fishes of the World does recognise the Istiophoriformes as a valid order, albeit including the Sphyraenidae, the barracudas.
An anchovy is a small, common forage fish of the family Engraulidae. Most species are found in marine waters, but several will enter brackish water, and some in South America are restricted to fresh water.
Kryptopterus vitreolus, known commonly as the glass catfish, the glass cat, the ghost catfish or the phantom catfish, is a small species of translucent-bodied, social glass catfish in the family Siluridae. It is commonly seen in captivity and in the freshwater aquarium trade, although its official taxonomy is still debatable, and was only truly resolved in 2013. Glass catfish are endemic to Thailand, where they inhabit rivers and streams south of the Isthmus of Kra that drain into the Gulf of Thailand and river basins in the Cardamom Mountains. There are also unconfirmed reports from Penang, Malaysia.
Garra ceylonensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the cyprinid family. It is endemic to rivers and streams in Sri Lanka - and is considered as a schooling fish. It is a rheophilic species and occurs in slow to moderately flowing rivers and streams, and ascends small, rocky streams in order to breed. It primarily feeds on aufwuchs - algae and diatoms.
Hypsibarbus birtwistlei is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. This fish is found in forest streams and rivers in Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra.
Eirmotus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, a diverse family which includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. These fishes are found in mainland Southeast Asia and in Indonesia.
Tabernaemontana pandacaqui, known as windmill bush and banana bush, is a species of plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceae.
The Clarion snake eel is an eel in the family Ophichthidae. It was described by David Starr Jordan and Ernest Alexander McGregor in 1898. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from Mexico, in the eastern central Pacific Ocean. It inhabits shallow waters - at a maximum depth of 20 metres - and is found around rocks and sand. Males can reach a maximum total length of 49.4 centimetres (19.4 in).
Cyprinae is a subfamily of largely freshwater ray-finned fishes, one of ten subfamilies belonging to the family Cyprinidae. This family comprises the carps, minnows, barbs and related fishes.
The ocellate eel blenny is a species of ray-finned fish from the subfamily Congrogadidae, which is in the family Pseudochromidae. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Blennodesmus. It is found along the northern coasts of Australia, from Western Australia, along the coast of the Northern Territory to Queensland. The ocellate eel blenny is found among coral rubble and occurs in intertidal pools up to a depth of 3 metres (9.8 ft) where it feeds mostly on crustaceans. Like other species of Congrogadid the ocellate eel blenny has eggs covered in hooks, cross shaped hooks in this species. This species has an extremely elongated body, its gill membranes are joineded to the isthmus ventrally. It has one, short lateral line which runs from its shoulder to underneath the front part of the dorsal fin. The body is dark brown in colour with mottled with paler markings and it has a black eyespot, smaller than its eye, located above the opercle. It grows to a maximum length of 8.9 centimetres (3.5 in) standard length.
Eirmotus insignis is a species of cyprinid in the genus Eirmotus. It inhabits Borneo and Belitung in Indonesia.
Eirmotus furvus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, a diverse family which includes the carps, barbs, minnows and related fishes. This is a small species, with a maximum standard length of 3.4 cm (1.3 in), which is endemic to Indonesia where it is found along the eastern coast of Jambi on Sumatra and in the Kumai and Mendawai River basins in Central Kalimantan on Borneo. This species is restricted to the black waters of peat swamp forest and is found only in indisturbed areas deep in such forests. This fish is found in the aquarium trade whichmay be a cause of overfishing, it is also threatened by habitat loss.
