Eliezer of Beaugency

Last updated

Eliezer of Beaugency was a Jewish Bible exegete from the northern French city of Beaugency who lived during the twelfth century.

Biography and works

Eliezer was born at Beaugency, capital of a canton in the department of Loiret. A student of Rashbam, Eliezer was one of the most distinguished representatives of Rashbam's school and of the exegesis of northern France. His chief concern was to find the connection between successive verses and the sequence of thought, a method that is also characteristic of the system of interpretation employed by Rashbam as well as Joseph Kara. Not concerned with grammatical observations or daring criticisms, he reached very happy results in explaining certain figurative passages in accordance with the metaphors employed in the context. He often used French terms to express his thoughts more clearly. His interpretation is entirely free from midrashic admixture. [1] He was particularly interested in dating the Biblical prophecies and identifying the events mentioned in them. [2]

Of his works, the commentaries on Isaiah [3] and Hosea [4] were published prior to 1906. There still exists in manuscript a commentary on the prophet Ezekiel. [5] Extracts from his commentary on Job are also extant; and he himself refers to his commentary on Genesis. [1] His commentaries on Amos and Jonah were published in 2018. [6] All his commentaries on the Twelve Prophets were published in Artscroll's Czuker edition of Mikraos Gedolos. [7]

Related Research Articles

The Book of Joel is a Jewish prophetic text containing a series of "divine announcements". The first line attributes authorship to "Joel the son of Pethuel". It forms part of the Book of the twelve minor prophets or the Nevi'im ("Prophets") in the Hebrew Bible, and is a book in its own right in the Christian Old Testament. In the New Testament, his prophecy of the outpouring of God's Holy Spirit upon all people was notably quoted by Saint Peter in his Pentecost sermon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rashi</span> French rabbi and commentator (1040–1105)

Shlomo Yitzchaki, commonly known by the acronym Rashi, was a French rabbi who authored comprehensive commentaries on the Talmud and Hebrew Bible.

ArtScroll is an imprint of translations, books and commentaries from an Orthodox Jewish perspective published by Mesorah Publications, Ltd., a publishing company based in Rahway, New Jersey. Rabbi Nosson Scherman is the general editor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abraham ibn Ezra</span> 12th-century Sephardic rabbi and astrologer

Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra was one of the most distinguished Jewish biblical commentators and philosophers of the Middle Ages. He was born in Tudela, Taifa of Zaragoza.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eliezer ben Nathan</span> French Tosafist

Eliezer ben Nathan of Mainz (1090–1170), or Ra'avan, was a halakist and liturgical poet. As an early Rishon, he was a contemporary of the Rashbam and Rabbeinu Tam, and one of the earliest of the Tosafists. He was the son-in-law of Eliakim b. Joseph of Mainz, a fellow student of Rashi. Through his four daughters Eliezer became the ancestor of several learned families which exerted a great influence upon religious life in the subsequent centuries. One of his great-grandsons was Asher b. Jehiel (ROSH), father of R. Jacob, author of the Ṭurim.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rabbeinu Tam</span> Renowned 12th C. Ashkenazi Jewish rabbi, leading French Tosafist, leading halakhic authority

Jacob ben Meir, best known as Rabbeinu Tam, was one of the most renowned Ashkenazi Jewish rabbis and leading French Tosafists, a leading halakhic authority in his generation, and a grandson of Rashi. Known as "Rabbeinu", he acquired the Hebrew suffix "Tam" meaning straightforward; it was originally used in the Book of Genesis to describe his biblical namesake, Jacob.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amos (prophet)</span> Hebrew prophet

Amos was one of the Twelve Minor Prophets of the Hebrew Bible and Christian Old Testament. According to the Bible, Amos was the older contemporary of Hosea and Isaiah and was active c. 760–755 BC during the rule of kings Jeroboam II of Israel and Uzziah of Kingdom of Judah and is portrayed as being from the southern Kingdom of Judah yet preaching in the northern Kingdom of Israel (Samaria). The prophet is characterized as speaking against an increased disparity between the wealthy and the poor with themes of justice, God's omnipotence, and divine judgment. The Book of Amos is attributed to him. In recent years, scholars have grown more skeptical of the Book of Amos' presentation of Amos' biography and background.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David Kimhi</span> 13th century Spanish rabbi & author

David Kimhi (1160–1235), also known by the Hebrew acronym as the RaDaK (רַדָּ״ק), was a medieval rabbi, biblical commentator, philosopher, and grammarian.

Samuel ben Meir, after his death known as the "Rashbam", a Hebrew acronym for RAbbi SHmuel Ben Meir, was a leading French Tosafist and grandson of Shlomo Yitzhaki, "Rashi".

<i>Mikraot Gedolot</i> Edition of the Hebrew Bible

A Mikraot Gedolot, often called a "Rabbinic Bible" in English, is an edition of the Hebrew Bible that generally includes three distinct elements:

Rabbi Moses ben Jacob of Coucy, also known as Moses Mikkotsi, was a French Tosafist and authority on Halakha. He is best known as the author of one of the earliest codifications of Halakha, the Sefer Mitzvot Gadol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franz Delitzsch</span> German Lutheran theologian and hebraist

Franz Delitzsch was a German Lutheran theologian and Hebraist. Delitzsch wrote many commentaries on books of the Bible, Jewish antiquities, Biblical psychology, as well as a history of Jewish poetry, and works of Christian apologetics. Today, Delitzsch is best known for his translation of the New Testament into Hebrew (1877), and his series of commentaries on the Old Testament published with Carl Friedrich Keil.

Tobiah ben Eliezer was a Talmudist and poet of the 11th century, author of Lekach Tov or Pesikta Zutarta, a midrashic commentary on the Pentateuch and the Five Megillot.

Peshat is one of the two classic methods of Jewish biblical exegesis, the other being Derash. While Peshat is commonly defined as referring to the surface or literal (direct) meaning of a text, or "the plain literal meaning of the verse, the meaning which its author intended to convey", numerous scholars and rabbis have debated this for centuries, giving Peshat many uses and definitions.

Isaac ben Meir, also known as the Rivam after his Hebrew acronym, was a French rabbi and one of the Baalei Tosafos.

Isaiah di Trani ben Mali (the Elder) (c. 1180 – c. 1250) (Hebrew: ישעיה בן מאלי הזקן דטראני), better known as the RID, was a prominent Italian Talmudist.

Jewish commentaries on the Bible are biblical commentaries of the Hebrew Bible from a Jewish perspective. Translations into Aramaic and English, and some universally accepted Jewish commentaries with notes on their method of approach and also some modern translations into English with notes are listed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baraita on the Thirty-two Rules</span> Hermeneutical tool for biblical interpretation

The Baraita on the Thirty-two Rules or Baraita of R. Eliezer ben Jose ha-Gelili is a baraita giving 32 hermeneutic rules, or middot, for interpreting the Bible. As of when the Jewish Encyclopedia was published in 1901–1906, it was thought to no longer exist except in references by later authorities. However, it was discovered in 1933 by H. G. Enelow, who published it in his "Mishnat Rabbi Eliezer," and in 1947 it was published again in Margaliot's edition of Midrash Hagadol to Genesis.

Joseph ben Simeon Kara, also known as Mahari Kara, was a French Bible exegete who was born and lived in Troyes.

References

  1. 1 2 PD-icon.svg One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "ELIEZER OF BEAUGENCY". The Jewish Encyclopedia . New York: Funk & Wagnalls. Retrieved Aug 16, 2018.
  2. ↑ "Eliezer of Beaugency | Encyclopedia.com".
  3. ↑ ed. Nutt, 1879
  4. ↑ ed. S. Poznanski, in "Ha-Goren," iii. 98-127
  5. ↑ Neubauer, "Cat. Bodl. Hebr. MSS." No. 1465
  6. ↑ Harris, Robert A. (2018). Rabbi Eliezer of Beaugency, Commentaries on Amos and Jonah (With Selections from Isaiah and Ezekiel). Medieval Institute Publications. doi:10.2307/j.ctvvncgw. ISBN   9781580443036. JSTOR   j.ctvvncgw.
  7. ↑ Czuker Edition Mikra'os Gedolos Nevi'im Trei Asar. Artscroll Mesorah. 2017. ISBN   9781422619063.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.