The Chinese Communist Party (CCP),officially the Communist Party of China (CPC),is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong,the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang. In 1949,Mao proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Since then,the CCP has governed China and has had sole control over the People's Liberation Army (PLA). Successive leaders of the CCP have added their own theories to the party's constitution,which outlines the party's ideology,collectively referred to as socialism with Chinese characteristics. As of 2023,the CCP has more than 98 million members,making it the second largest political party by membership in the world after India's Bharatiya Janata Party.
In China,politics functions within a communist state framework based on the system of people's congress under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),with the National People's Congress (NPC) functioning as the highest organ of state power and only branch of government per the principle of unified power. The CCP leads state activities by holding two-thirds of the seats in the NPC,and these party members are,in accordance with democratic centralism,responsible for implementing the policies adopted by the CCP Central Committee and the National Congress. The NPC has unlimited state power bar the limitations it sets on itself. By controlling the NPC,the CCP has complete state power. China's two special administrative regions (SARs),Hong Kong and Macau,are nominally autonomous from this system.
The Foreign Affairs Commission of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party,commonly called the Central Foreign Affairs Commission,is a commission of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that exercises general oversight on matters related to foreign affairs.
Therese Shaheen (夏馨) is an American businesswoman and entrepreneur who served as Chairman and Managing Director of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) from 2002 to 2004.
The United Front Work Department (UFWD) is a department of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) tasked with "united front work." It gathers intelligence on,manages relations with,and attempts to gain influence over elite individuals and organizations inside and outside mainland China,including in Hong Kong,Taiwan,and in other countries.
Winston Lord is an American diplomat and leader of non-governmental foreign policy organizations. He has served as Special Assistant to the National Security Advisor (1970–1973),Director of the State Department Policy Planning Staff (1973–1977),President of the Council on Foreign Relations (1977–1985),Ambassador to China (1985–1989),and Assistant Secretary of State (1993–1997).
Xi Jinping is a Chinese politician who has been the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC),and thus the paramount leader of China,since 2012. Xi has also been the president of the People's Republic of China (PRC) since 2013. He belongs to the fifth generation of Chinese leadership.
Robert L. Suettinger is an American international relations scholar currently serving as a senior advisor at The Stimson Center and an advisor to the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China (IPAC). He was national intelligence officer for East Asia at the National Intelligence Council (NIC) from 1997 to 1998 during the Clinton administration. While there,he oversaw the preparation of national intelligence estimates for the director of the Central Intelligence Agency. His areas of specialty are the People's Republic of China and the North Korean nuclear weapons program.
Eileen Chamberlain Donahoe is a former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva,Switzerland,having been appointed by President Barack Obama in 2009. After serving her term as ambassador,Donahoe was appointed as Director of Global Affairs for Human Rights Watch. In 2014,she was also appointed to the board of International Service for Human Rights. She is also an affiliate of Stanford University's Center for International Security and Cooperation,a center of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and Executive Director of the Global Digital Policy Incubator at the Freeman Spogli Institute's Cyber Policy Center working at the intersection of governance,technology and human rights.
Paul Thomas Haenle is an American analyst and China specialist currently serving as Maurice R. Greenberg Director’s Chair at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Cheng Li is a Chinese-American scholar specializing in Chinese elite politics and contemporary Chinese society;he has served as the director of the John L. Thornton China Center at the Brookings Institution from 2014 to 2023,replacing Kenneth Lieberthal in the role. He is currently professor of political science and founding director of the Centre on Contemporary China and the World (CCCW) at the University of Hong Kong. Li is a prominent authority on Chinese politics,specifically leadership dynamics and the changes in leaders over generations.
The Governance of China is a four-volume collection of speeches and writings by Xi Jinping,the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and President of China. Presenting the official party line for China's development in the 21st century,the collection is an authoritative source on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
Community of common destiny for mankind,officially translated as community with a shared future for mankind or human community with a shared future,is a political slogan used by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to describe a stated foreign-policy goal of the People's Republic of China. The phrase was first used by former CCP General Secretary Hu Jintao and has been frequently cited by current General Secretary Xi Jinping. As the term's usage in English has increased,"shared future" has become more frequently used than "common destiny," as the latter arguably implies a predetermined path. The phrase was included in the CCP Constitution in 1997,and the preamble of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China when the Constitution was amended in 2018.
The People's Republic of China emerged as a great power and one of the three big players in the tri-polar geopolitics (PRC-US-USSR) during the Cold War,after the Korean War in 1950-1953 and the Sino-Soviet split in the 1960s,with its status as a recognized nuclear weapons state in 1960s. Currently,China has one of the world's largest populations,second largest GDP (nominal) and the largest economy in the world by PPP.
Xi Jinping succeeded Hu Jintao as General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012,and later in 2016 was proclaimed the CCP's 4th leadership core,following Mao Zedong,Deng Xiaoping,and Jiang Zemin.
Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy,officially the "General Secretary Xi Jinping's Thought on Diplomacy",is the current diplomatic and foreign policy doctrine of the People's Republic of China. It is related to the larger Xi Jinping Thought,which is derived from the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Xi Jinping. According to Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi,Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is "the fundamental guideline for China's diplomatic work is an epoch-making milestone in the diplomatic theory of New China." The main point of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy is to orient as much of diplomacy as possible to the bilateral level,while still supporting the formal architecture of the international system. In terms of China's foreign policy,Xi Jinping's "Major Country Diplomacy" doctrine has replaced the earlier Deng Xiaoping era slogan of "keep a low profile and build up power" and has legitimized a more active role for China on the world stage,particularly with regards to reform of the international order,engaging in open ideological competition with the West,and assuming a greater responsibility for global affairs in accordance with China's rising power and status.
Cai Xia is a Chinese dissident and scholar of political theory. She has taught high-ranking members and officials of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),including leading provincial and municipal administrators and cabinet-level ministers,and is a retired professor of the CCP Central Party School. She is an advocate for political liberalisation in China and has been critical of CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping. She was expelled from the CCP in August 2020 for criticising the CCP under Xi's rule. Since 2019,she has resided in the United States in exile.
Sheena Elise Chestnut Greitens is an American political scientist currently serving as an associate professor in the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. She was First Lady of Missouri from 2017 to 2018.
Laura Rosenberger is an American diplomat currently serving as Chair of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT). She formerly served as Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for China and Taiwan at the National Security Council in the Biden administration.
Shanthi Kalathil is an American foreign policy analyst,international affairs practitioner,human rights advocate,and former journalist,currently serving as a Washington D.C.-based senior fellow at the University of Southern California (USC)'s Center on Communication Leadership and Policy. She was formerly Deputy Assistant to the President and Coordinator for Democracy and Human Rights at the White House National Security Council during the Biden Administration.
