Distance education,also known as distance learning,is the education of students who may not always be physically present at school,or where the learner and the teacher are separated in both time and distance. Traditionally,this usually involved correspondence courses wherein the student corresponded with the school via mail. Distance education is a technology-mediated modality and has evolved with the evolution of technologies such as video conferencing,TV,and the Internet. Today,it usually involves online education and the learning is usually mediated by some form of technology. A distance learning program can either be completely a remote learning,or a combination of both online learning and traditional offline classroom instruction. Other modalities include distance learning with complementary virtual environment or teaching in virtual environment (e-learning).
A teacher,also called a schoolteacher or formally an educator,is a person who helps students to acquire knowledge,competence,or virtue,via the practice of teaching.
Teaching is the practice implemented by a teacher aimed at transmitting skills to a learner,a student,or any other audience in the context of an educational institution. Teaching is closely related to learning,the student's activity of appropriating this knowledge. Teaching is part of the broader concept of education.
A Bachelor of Education is an undergraduate professional degree which prepares students for work as a teacher in schools. In some countries such as Tanzania and Kenya,additional tasks like field work and research are required in order for the student to be fully qualified to teach. It may also be accompanied with or followed by tests for licenses or certifications required for teachers in some areas.
A learning management system (LMS) is a software application for the administration,documentation,tracking,reporting,automation,and delivery of educational courses,training programs,materials or learning and development programs. The learning management system concept emerged directly from e-Learning. Learning management systems make up the largest segment of the learning system market. The first introduction of the LMS was in the late 1990s. Learning management systems have faced a massive growth in usage due to the emphasis on remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Editing technology is the use of technology tools in general content areas in education in order to allow students to apply computer and technology skills to learning and problem-solving. Generally speaking,the curriculum drives the use of technology and not vice versa. Technology integration is defined as the use of technology to enhance and support the educational environment. Technology integration in the classroom can also support classroom instruction by creating opportunities for students to complete assignments on the computer rather than with normal pencil and paper. In a larger sense,technology integration can also refer to the use of an integration platform and application programming interface (API) in the management of a school,to integrate disparate SaaS applications,databases,and programs used by an educational institution so that their data can be shared in real-time across all systems on campus,thus supporting students' education by improving data quality and access for faculty and staff.
"Curriculum integration with the use of technology involves the infusion of technology as a tool to enhance the learning in a content area or multidisciplinary setting... Effective technology integration is achieved when students can select technology tools to help them obtain information on time,analyze and synthesize it,and present it professionally to an authentic audience. Technology should become an integral part of how the classroom functions—as accessible as all other classroom tools. The focus in each lesson or unit is the curriculum outcome,not the technology."
Teacher education or teacher training refers to programs,policies,procedures,and provision designed to equip (prospective) teachers with the knowledge,attitudes,behaviors,approaches,methodologies and skills they require to perform their tasks effectively in the classroom,school,and wider community. The professionals who engage in training the prospective teachers are called teacher educators.
Fernando M. Reimers is the Ford Foundation Professor of the Practice in International Education and Director of the Global Education Innovation Initiative at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He is interested in advancing understanding of the ways schools can empower students to participate civically and economically,and to help achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals. He served on UNESCO's Commission on the Futures of Education that authored the report Reimagining Our Futures Together. A New Social Contract for Education.
Linda Darling-Hammond is an American academic who is the Charles E. Ducommun Professor of Education Emeritus at the Stanford Graduate School of Education. She was also the President and CEO of the Learning Policy Institute. She is author or editor of more than 25 books and more than 500 articles on education policy and practice. Her work focuses on school restructuring,teacher education,and educational equity. She was education advisor to Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign and was reportedly among candidates for United States Secretary of Education in the Obama administration.
Mary James FAcSS retired in January 2014 as Professor and Associate Director of Research at the University of Cambridge,Faculty of Education. In the same year she completed her four-year term as Vice President and President of the British Education and Research Association.
Eric Alan Hanushek is an economist who has written prolifically on public policy with a special emphasis on the economics of education. Since 2000,he has been a Paul and Jean Hanna Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution,an American public policy think tank located at Stanford University in California. He was awarded the Yidan Prize for Education Research in 2021.
Despite significant progress,education remains a challenge in Latin America. The region has made great progress in educational coverage;almost all children attend primary school and access to secondary education has increased considerably. Children complete on average two more years of schooling than their parents' generation. Most educational systems in the region have implemented various types of administrative and institutional reforms that have enabled reach for places and communities that had no access to education services in the early 90s.
Barnett Berry is a research professor at the University of South Carolina,where he is the founding director of Accelerating for Learning and Leadership for South Carolina (ALL4SC) —an initiative launched in 2019,to marshal the resources of an entire R1 institution of higher education in service of high need school communities. Barnett's career includes serving as a high school teacher,a social scientist at the RAND Corporation,a professor at UofSC,a senior state education agency leader,and senior consultant with the National Commission on Teaching and America's Future,leading its state partnership network. From 1999 to 2018,Barnett led Center for Teaching Quality website,a non-profit he founded to conduct research and ignite teacher leadership to transform the teaching profession and public education for more equitable outcomes for students. Barnett has authored a wide array of over 120 policy and research reports,journal articles,and commissioned papers. His two books,TEACHING 2030 and Teacherpreneurs:Innovative Teachers Who Lead But Don't Leave,frame a bold vision for the profession's future. He is the 2021 recipient of the James A. Kelly Award for Advancing Accomplished Teaching from the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards and is a policy advisor for the Learning Policy Institute.
Academic ranks in Colombia are the titles,relative importance and power of professors,researchers,and administrative personnel held in academia.
Teacher retention is a field of education research that focuses on how factors such as school characteristics and teacher demographics affect whether teachers stay in their schools,move to different schools,or leave the profession before retirement. The field developed in response to a perceived shortage in the education labor market in the 1990s. The most recent meta-analysis establishes that school factors,teacher factors,and external and policy factors are key factors that influence teacher attrition and retention. Teacher attrition is thought to be higher in low income schools and in high need subjects like math,science,and special education. More recent evidence suggests that school organizational characteristics has significant effects on teacher decisions to stay or leave.
Erica Nicole Walker is an American mathematician and the Clifford Brewster Upton Professor of Mathematics Education at Teachers College,Columbia University,where she also serves as the Chairperson of the Department of Mathematics,Science,and Technology and as the Director of the Institute for Urban and Minority Education. Walker’s research focuses on the "social and cultural factors as well as educational policies and practices that facilitate mathematics engagement,learning and performance,especially for underserved students".
The COVID-19 pandemic affected educational systems across the world. The number of cases of COVID-19 started to rise in March 2020 and many educational institutions and universities underwent closure. Most countries decided to temporarily close educational institutions in order to reduce the spread of COVID-19. UNESCO estimates that at the height of the closures in April 2020,national educational shutdowns affected nearly 1.6 billion students in 200 countries:94% of the student population and one-fifth of the global population. Closures are estimated to have lasted for an average of 41 weeks. They have had significant negative effects on student learning,which are predicted to have substantial long-term implications for both education and earnings. During the pandemic,education budgets and official aid program budgets for education have decreased.
There was a resurgence of homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic to help students return to school. Innovative parents sought to create solutions to their individual dilemmas by organizing local groups. These variations of homeschooling include micro schools and educational family co-ops. The first usually involves hired professionals to teach a small group of kids. The second is a parent-organized co-operative where families take turns educating and minding their kids during the week. Both are largely available only to the well-off,as costs in time and money are high. 'Pandemic pod' is the fashionable term used to describe one of these arrangements where all group members agree to participate under well-defined and strictly enforced health rules.
In 2020,school systems in the United States began to close down in March because of the spread of COVID-19. This was a historic event in the history of the United States schooling system because it forced schools to shut-down. At the very peak of school closures,COVID-19 affected 55.1 million students in 124,000 public and private U.S. schools. The effects of widespread school shut-downs were felt nationwide,and aggravated several social inequalities in gender,technology,educational achievement,and mental health.
The learning crisis or global learning crisis is a term describing the fact that,despite a large increase in access to schooling,learning outcomes remain poor,especially in developing countries. Worldwide,millions of children who attend school do not acquire basic skills such as literacy and numeracy,and many more are far behind age-appropriate expectations in their national curricula. Proponents argue that this crisis needs to be addressed due to the importance of education in fostering children's development,social mobility,and subsequent opportunities.
