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Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Coffea species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to flavor various beverages and products. The fruits, like the seeds, contain a large amount of caffeine, and have a distinct sweet taste and are often juiced. The plant ranks as one of the world's most valuable and widely traded commodity crops and is an important export product of several countries, including those in Central and South America, the Caribbean and Africa.
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules and sympetalous actinomorphic flowers. The family contains about 13,500 species in about 620 genera, which makes it the fourth-largest angiosperm family. Rubiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution; however, the largest species diversity is concentrated in the tropics and subtropics. Economically important genera include Coffea, the source of coffee, Cinchona, the source of the antimalarial alkaloid quinine, some dye plants, and ornamental cultivars.
Coffea arabica, also known as the Arabian coffee, is a species of Coffea. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to be cultivated, and is currently the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. Coffee produced from the robusta bean makes up most of the remaining coffee production. Arabica coffee originates from Ethiopia and was first cultivated in Yemen, and documented by the 12th century. Coffea arabica is called بُنّ in Arabic, borrowed from the Oromo "Buna".
Araucaria cunninghamii is a species of Araucaria known as hoop pine. Other less commonly used names include colonial pine, Queensland pine, Dorrigo pine, Moreton Bay pine and Richmond River pine. The scientific name honours the botanist and explorer Allan Cunningham, who collected the first specimens in the 1820s.
Coffea canephora is a species of coffee that has its origins in central and western sub-Saharan Africa. It is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. Though widely known as Coffea robusta, the plant is scientifically identified as Coffea canephora, which has two main varieties, robusta and nganda.
Coffea liberica is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae from which coffee is produced. It is native to western and central Africa from Liberia to Uganda and Angola, and has become naturalised in the Philippines, Indonesia, Seychelles, the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Malaysia
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, common name mealybug ladybird or mealybug destroyer, is a ladybird species.
Coffea charrieriana, also known as Charrier coffee, is a species of flowering plant from the Coffea genus. It is a caffeine-free coffee plant endemic to Cameroon in Central Africa. It is the first recorded caffeine-free Coffea in Central Africa, and the second to be recorded in Africa. The first caffeine-free species was previously discovered in Kenya, named C. pseudozanguebariae. The International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University and a committee of taxonomists and scientists voted the C. charrieriana as one of the top 10 species described in 2008.
Reverendus Pater Jean Xavier Hyacinthe Montrouzier was a French Marist priest, explorer, botanist, zoologist and entomologist. Abbé Montrouzier studied the flora and fauna of Melanesia especially New Caledonia.
Corythoxestis aletreuta is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Ethiopia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.
Parastasia is a genus of beetle belonging to the family Scarabaeidae.
Thorunna montrouzieri is a brightly coloured species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chromodorididae.
Ixoroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 4000 species in 27 tribes.
Buprestomorpha montrouzieri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, and the only species in the genus Buprestomorpha. It was described by Thomson in 1860.
Scientific name: Coffea arabica L var. maragogipe A. Fern. Ex A. Frohner
Enicodes fichteli is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Schreibers in 1902. It is known from New Caledonia and Australia.
Enicodes schreibersii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1865. It is known from New Caledonia. It feeds on the breadfruit tree.
Glenea montrouzieri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1865.
Blapsilon montrouzieri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1865. It is known from New Caledonia.
Coffea racemosa, also known as racemosa coffee and Inhambane coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It has naturally low levels of caffeine, less than half of that found in Coffea arabica, and a quarter of that in Robusta coffee. It is endemic to the coastal forest belt between northern KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa and Zimbabwe, found in an area less than 150 km2 (58 sq mi) in size. It was widely cultivated by the Portuguese during the 1960-1970s in Mozambique, currently there are only two plantations at Ibo Island and in Hluhluwe, which remain.
References
- ↑ "Enicodes montrouzieri". BioLib. Retrieved 8 September 2014.