Epiblepharon

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Epiblepharon
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This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
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Epiblepharon is a condition characterised by a congenital horizontal fold of skin near the margin of the upper or lower eyelid caused by the abnormal insertion of muscle fibres. This extra fold of skin redirects the lashes into a vertical position, where they may contact the globe of the eye, affecting the cornea or the conjunctiva. [1] This is found most commonly in Asian individuals, especially children. One estimate puts the percentage of affected Asian children aged 7–14 years old at 12.6%. [2]

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Esotropia is a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a "cross-eyed" appearance. It is the opposite of exotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than esophoria. Esotropia is sometimes erroneously called "lazy eye", which describes the condition of amblyopia; a reduction in vision of one or both eyes that is not the result of any pathology of the eye and cannot be resolved by the use of corrective lenses. Amblyopia can, however, arise as a result of esotropia occurring in childhood: In order to relieve symptoms of diplopia or double vision, the child's brain will ignore or "suppress" the image from the esotropic eye, which when allowed to continue untreated will lead to the development of amblyopia. Treatment options for esotropia include glasses to correct refractive errors, the use of prisms, orthoptic exercises, or eye muscle surgery. The term is from Greek eso meaning "inward" and trope meaning "a turning".

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References

  1. "Epiblepharon". Elements of Morphology. National Human Genome Research Institute. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
  2. Katowitz, James A.; Katowitz, William R. (2017-11-30). Pediatric Oculoplastic Surgery. Springer. p. 336. ISBN   9783319608143.

Further reading