| Evernia divaricata | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Evernia |
| Species: | E. divaricata |
| Binomial name | |
| Evernia divaricata | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Evernia divaricata is a species of lichen belonging to the family Parmeliaceae. [1]
It has a cosmopolitan distribution. [1] It can be found in western North America, Europe, the Near East, and China. [2]
Lichenology is the branch of mycology that studies the lichens, symbiotic organisms made up of an intimate symbiotic association of a microscopic alga with a filamentous fungus. Lichens are chiefly characterized by this symbiosis.
Rock tripe is the common name for various lichens of the genus Umbilicaria that grow on rocks. They are widely distributed, including on bare rock in Antarctica, and throughout northern parts of North America such as New England and the Rocky Mountains. They are edible when properly prepared; soaking extensively and boiling with changes of water removes the bitterness and purgative properties. They have been used as a famine food in extreme cases when other food sources were unavailable, as by early American northern explorers.
Chaenotheca is a genus of lichenized fungi within the family Coniocybaceae. The sexual reproduction structures are a mass of loose ascospores that are enclosed by a cup shaped exciple sitting on top of a tiny stalk, having the appearance of a dressmaker's pin, hence the common name pin lichen. Genus members are also commonly called needle lichens. Photobiont partners for Chaenotheca include members of the algae genera Symbiochloris, Trebouxia, Trentepohlia, and Tritostichococcus.
The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi. The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: Xanthoparmelia, Usnea, Parmotrema, and Hypotrachyna.
Evernia is a genus of bushy lichens in the family Parmeliaceae.
Pseudevernia is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. The type species of the genus, Pseudevernia furfuracea, has substantial commercial value in the perfume industry.
Letharia is a genus of fruticose lichens belonging to the family Parmeliaceae.
Dimelaena thysanota is a crustose lichen in the family Physciaceae, found in the mountains of western North America and the Sonoran Desert.
Koerberia sonomensis, the Sonoma koerberia lichen, is a dark olive-green foliose lichen found in western North America mountains, Mediterranean areas of Europe, northern Africa and in the Sonoran Desert. The body (thallus) is a small .5 to 1 centimetre rosette of leafy structures with elongate lobes to 2 millimetres (0.079 in). The upper surface is dark olive-green sometimes striped, and the lower surface is pale olive-green. The fruiting forms (apothecia) are flat to slightly convex, and deep red-brown. It is in the Koerberia genus in the Placynthiaceae family.
Staurothele areolata is blackish-brown crustose lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. It is found in western North America.
Dibaeis baeomyces, commonly known as pink earth lichen, is a fruticose lichen belonging to the family Icmadophilaceae.
Cladonia cenotea or the powdered cup lichen is a species of cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was first described by Erik Acharius in 1823.
Usnea trichodea, commonly known as bony beard lichen, is a pale straw-colored fruticose lichen with a pendant growth form. It grows on trees and is native to eastern North America.
Degelia plumbea is a species of grey to blue-black or brown foliose lichen in the genus Degelia. It mostly grows on trees in undisturbed woodlands but occasionally on coastal rocks. It is found widely in Britain and western Ireland as well as in America and Canada, as it grows in maritime Atlantic climates.
Robert "Bob" Shaw Egan is a botanist and lichenologist, specializing in the family Parmeliaceae. He was the president of the American Bryological and Lichenological Society from 1999 to 2001.
Sten Gustaf Edvard Ahlner was a Swedish lichenologist.
Circinaria calcarea is a species of crustose lichen in the family Megasporaceae. It was first described as a new species by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum. Linnaeus named it Lichen calcareus, as he classified all lichens in the eponymously named genus. The species has had an extensive taxonomic history, resulting in dozens of synonyms. In 2010, it was placed in its current genus, Circinaria, following molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Megasporaceae.
Exsiccata is a work with "published, uniform, numbered set[s] of preserved specimens distributed with printed labels". Typically, exsiccatae refer to numbered collections of dried herbarium specimens or preserved biological samples published in several duplicate sets with a common theme or title, such as Lichenes Helvetici. Exsiccatae are regarded as scientific contributions of the editor(s) with characteristics from the library world and features from the herbarium world. Exsiccatae works represent a special method of scholarly communication. The text in the printed matters/published booklets is basically a list of labels (schedae) with informations on each single numbered exsiccatal unit. Extensions of the concept occur.
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