Film memorabilia

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One pair of ruby slippers from The Wizard of Oz, on display at the National Museum of American History Ruby slippers.JPG
One pair of ruby slippers from The Wizard of Oz, on display at the National Museum of American History

Film memorabilia are objects considered of value because of their connection to the cinema. These include costumes, props, advertising posters, and scripts, among other things. Fans have always coveted memorabilia, but in recent years, what was once a hobby has mushroomed into big business, with millions of dollars changing hands in auctions held by such top firms as Christie's and Sotheby's. In addition, many popular films have their collectible items sold via independent, online movie memorabilia stores, web auctions, and at film studio charity events. [1] [2]

Contents

History of collecting

In the early days, most people sought autographs or original photographs or posters. Collectors had to rely on a handful of news magazines that were full of various sellers offering mail order catalogues or asking to buy bulk lots, or particular items of interest. Occasionally, events would be organized which were structured around a live auction these, while fewer in number today, still occur, and one can still buy memorabilia in person from trusted sellers on-site. The community was also fairly fragmented, with collectors and dealers spread out across the globe and no real consistent and reliable way to communicate with one another.

Movie studios were slow to recognize the value of their property, [3] "generally viewing the material as junk taking up precious backlot real estate." [4] Often, workers would just take souvenirs or sell items without permission, aware that their employers did not particularly care. [3] One of the more notorious of these was costumer Kent Warner, who amassed a large private collection and made money selling to interested buyers. One of his friends claimed that Warner rescued Humphrey Bogart's Casablanca trench coat, which had been slated for burning. [5]

1970 MGM auction

The turning point came in 1970. Kirk Kerkorian had bought MGM the year before and installed James Thomas Aubrey, Jr. as president. [6] As part of his cost-cutting measures, [6] Aubrey decided to auction off hundreds of thousands of items. The success of this mammoth event made people take notice.

MGM sold the contents of seven sound stages [7] "for a mere $1.5 million" to auctioneer David Weisz. [8] There were over 350,000 costumes alone. [7] Weisz hired Kent Warner to help catalog and prepare for the auction. [5] In the course of his work, Warner found several pairs of the ruby slippers from The Wizard of Oz (it is common practice to make multiple copies of important props). One pair became the centerpiece of the event and sold for a then-unheard-of $15,000. Warner kept or sold an unknown number of other pairs.

Actress Debbie Reynolds spent $180,000 [5] and "purchased thousands of items", [9] the beginning of her large collection. [10] Weisz "recouped eight times" what he paid "from eager nostalgia enthusiasts." [8]

Among the items sold were:

The unsold items, "... truckloads of costume sketches, movie stills and other memorabilia were sent to the MGM Grand Hotel in Las Vegas to be sold in the gift shop and used as hotel decorations." [13] The auction catalogs have now themselves become sought-after collectibles.

2011 Debbie Reynolds auctions

Debbie Reynolds' collection was sold by Profiles in History in two auctions in June and December 2011. [14] The items put up for bid in the first of these auctions included: [14]

On June 18, 2011, the subway dress sold for $4.6 million, far in excess of pre-auction estimates of $1–2 million. [15] Another Monroe dress, worn in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes , fetched $1.2 million; it had been expected to go for $200,000 to $300,000. [15] Estimated at $60,000 to $80,000, a blue cotton dress Judy Garland used in test shots for The Wizard of Oz went for $910,000. [15] In total, the auction grossed $22.8 million. [16]

In the second Reynolds auction, on December 3, 2011, a still-functioning Panavision PSR 35mm camera used to film Star Wars went for $625,000, breaking records for Star Wars memorabilia and vintage cameras. [17]

Influence of the internet

In the early days of the internet, the larger community began to get in touch with one another through UseNet newsgroups (for example, alt.binaries.pictures.movie-posters). As the internet grew, collectors began communicating in ways never thought possible. In 1995, popular on-line email group MoPo was formed, creating a central place for people to keep in touch about things and events important to the community. This group continues to provide information to new and old collectors alike.

By 1997, the community had changed forever. eBay was quickly becoming the alternative marketplace after two years of steady growth. Professional sellers took notice, causing many to close their bricks-and-mortar businesses and focus their attention completely on internet sites and the future of the on-line marketplace.

In the early days of internet selling, prices varied widely. One could find posters normally valued in the hundreds of dollars selling for twenty dollars, or, alternatively, find posters normally valued at twenty dollars going for a hundred or more. Today, the market place for film memorabilia has mostly stabilised. While one can see a rare film poster go for large amounts, it is far more common to find that items are priced either at or near market value, or are bid up to that point.

The Internet has clearly been an important influence on the business of memorabilia, but just as it has given large access to the purchase of legitimate goods, this has also given the opportunity for fakes be them replicas being sold as originals or even fraudulent signatures. [18] Many fall for these scams online making even stars like Star Wars's Mark Hamill choose to raise awareness. [19]

As such the internet has also given access to places that assure you legitimacy with known auction houses and even something as small as certifications of authenticity like the JSA, and the PSA that grant acquired items some proof as reassurance for buyers.

Types

Notable examples

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christie's</span> British auction house

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruby slippers</span> Magical footwear from The Wizard of Oz

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<i>The Wizard of Oz</i> 1939 film based on the book by L. Frank Baum

The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). An adaptation of L. Frank Baum's 1900 children's fantasy novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, it was primarily directed by Victor Fleming, who left production to take over the troubled Gone with the Wind. It stars Judy Garland, Frank Morgan, Ray Bolger, Bert Lahr, Jack Haley, Billie Burke and Margaret Hamilton. Noel Langley, Florence Ryerson and Edgar Allan Woolf received credit for the screenplay, while others made uncredited contributions. The music was composed by Harold Arlen and adapted by Herbert Stothart, with lyrics by Edgar "Yip" Harburg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Film poster</span> Printed advertising sheet for a motion picture

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">T206 Honus Wagner</span> Baseball card issued 1909–1911

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Western Costume</span>

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Jon Baddeley is a fine art auctioneer, an authority on scientific instruments and collectables, a broadcaster and an author.

Kent Phillip Warner was a costume designer, best known for finding and acquiring the ruby slippers from the film The Wizard of Oz o the 1970 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Auction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black Givenchy dress of Audrey Hepburn</span> Dress featured in the 1961 film Breakfast at Tiffanys

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Todd Emmanuel Fisher is an American business executive, architect, sound engineer, and filmmaker. He is the son of singer Eddie Fisher and actress Debbie Reynolds.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cowardly Lion</span> Fictional character from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gingham dress of Judy Garland</span> In the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz

In the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, American entertainer Judy Garland wore a blue-and-white dress in her seminal role as Dorothy Gale throughout the film. Also nicknamed the "Dorothy dress", it was designed for the film by MGM costume designer Adrian, who based it on L. Frank Baum's description of Dorothy's dress in his children's book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900). Several copies of the dress were made for Garland to wear during production, which were styled to make her appear younger and thinner on camera. The complete outfit consists of a checked blue-and-white gingham pinafore worn over a cream-colored blouse. It is often paired with ruby slippers, another famous clothing item from the film.

References

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