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Firdausiyya is a Sufi Order which originated as a off-shoot from the Suhrawardiyya order. It was introduced by Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi in India, and later took forward by two of his disciples, Najibuddin Firdausi and Ruknuddin Firdausi. [1] [2] [3] [4] It was mostly known and flourished during the life of Shaikh Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri, buried in Badi Dargah, Bihar Sharif. [5] [6] He had the longest chain of spiritual successors in the Magadh region of Bihar. [7] The ideology of the Suhrawardiyya was inspired by Sayf al Din Bakharzi, and also took its name from Bakharzi, who was given the title of Shaikh al-Firdaus by his spiritual master Najmuddin Qubra. Firdausiyya Order was established even before the Chishty order. [8] [9]
Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi was an Indian sufi saint who introduced the order, the order was taken forward by two of his students, who were also step-brother, Ruknuddin Firdausi and Najibuddin Firdausi. [10]
Najibuddin Firdausi was an Indian Sufi saint who was spiritual teacher of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. [11]
Shaikh Ruknuddin Firdausi was an Indian Sufi saint who was a mureed and Caliph of Badruddin Samarqandi, he was stepbrother and teacher of Najibuddin Firdausi. [12]
Shaikh Hussain Muizz Balkhi was Sufi saint who was born in Jaunpur Uttar Pradesh and a nephew and spiritual successor of Muzaffar Shams Balkhi, a student of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. He was the father of Ahmed Langar Dariya, a Firdausi Sufi saint. [13] [14] [15]
Shaikh Sharfuddin Ahmed Bin Yahya Maneri Bin Shaikh Israil Bin Imam Muhammad Taj Faqih was a significant Sufi saint of this order, he went to Nizamuddin Auliya to become his disciple, but he denied and asked to visit Najibuddin Firdausi and become a disciple of Firdausi order. [16]
Shaikh Shuaib Firdausi Sheikhpurvi was cousin and Caliph of Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri who is known as the one who settled the Sheikhpura district. He is buried in Badi Dargah, Sheikhpura. He authored the Manaqib-ul-Asfiya , a biographical work of Firdausi Sufi saints. [17]
Khwaja Ishaq Maghrabi Sheikhpurvi was a disciple of Shaikh Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri, who came from Bukhara. [18]
Minhajuddin Rasti was a student and spiritual successor of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri, he came from Gilan, Iraq to India. [19] [20] It is claimed by Madrasa-e-Mujibiya under Khanqah-e-Mujibiya, that he died in 1385 and was first to come of Phulwari Sharif, Bihar. [21]
The first Firdausi Sufi to come India, was Badruddin Samarqandi. [18]
Sultan-ul-Mashaikh, Mahbub-e-Ilahi, Sheikh Khwaja Syed Muhammad Nizamuddin Auliya, also known as Hazrat Nizamuddin, and Mahbub-e-Ilahi was an Indian Sunni Muslim scholar, Sufi saint of the Chishti Order, and is one of the most famous Sufis from the Indian Subcontinent. His predecessors were Fariduddin Ganjshakar, Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki, and Moinuddin Chishti, who were the masters of the Chishti spiritual chain or silsila in the Indian subcontinent.
Bihar Sharif is the headquarters of Nalanda district and the fifth-largest sub-metropolitan area in the eastern Indian state of Bihar. Its name is a combination of two words: Bihar, derived from vihara, also the name of the state; and Sharif. The city is a hub of education and trade in southern Bihar, and the economy centers around agriculture supplemented by tourism, the education sector and household manufacturing. The ruins of the ancient Nalanda Mahavihara, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are located near the city.
Makhdoom Yahiya Maneri was an Indian Sufi saint of the 13th century. His tomb in courtyard of a mosque, located in Maner, 29 km from Patna, Bihar, India.
Najm ad-Din Kubra was a 13th-century Khwarezmian Sufi from Khwarezm and the founder of the Kubrawiya, influential in the Ilkhanate and Timurid dynasty. His method, exemplary of a "golden age" of Sufi metaphysics, was related to the Illuminationism of Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi as well as to Rumi's Shams Tabrizi. Kubra was born in 540/1145 and died in 618/1221.
Khwaja Usman Harooni was an early modern wali or Sufi saint of Islam in India, a successor to Shareef Zandani, sixteenth link in the Silsila of the Chishti order, and master of Moinuddin Chishti. Usman Harooni was born in Haroon, Iran. His year of birth is variously given as 1096, 1116 and 1131 AD. He is also known by the nicknames Abu Noor and Abu Mansur.
Maner also spelled Maner Sharif, is a Block and satellite town in Patna Metropolitan Region. It is part of the Patna district in the Indian state of Bihar. Maner Sharif lies 24 km west of Patna, the capital of Bihar on NH-922. The town has tombs of Sufi saints Makhdoom Yahya Maneri and Makhdoom Shah Daulat, known as Bari Dargah and Chhoti Dargah.
Makhdoom Sharfuddin Ahmed bin Yahya Maneri, popularly known as Makhdoom-ul-Mulk Bihari and Makhdoom-e-Jahan (1263–1381), was a 13th-century Sufi mystic.
Khwaja Sayyad Abdullah Chishti was a 16th century Sufi Saint of Chishti order and a direct descendant of Khwajah Maudood Chishti.
Sharaf ad-Dīn Abū Tawʾamah was an Islamic scholar, author and muhaddith based in the subcontinent. He played a large role in disseminating Islam in eastern Bengal, establishing one of the country's first madrasas. According to A. F. M. Abdur Rahman, in addition to his proficiency in Persian and Arabic, he became well conversant in the local Old Bengali language of the time.
Badi Dargah is the Shrine or Dargah of Makhdoom Sheikh Shoeib Rahmatullah Aleh, a Sufi saint of Suhrawardiyya order. He is known as the founder of Sheikhpura district in Bihar.
The Urs-e-Makhdoom-e-Jahan or Urs of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri is a Five-days long annual event organised commemorating the Sufi saint Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri. It is organised at the Dargah Makhdoom-e-Jahan at Badi Dargah, Bihar Sharif. The Urs is attended by Chief Minister of Bihar, Minority Welfare Minister of Bihar and other politicians too. It is attended by the people whoever in Sufism and it is revered for people of Bihar.
Badi Dargah also known as Khanquah-e-Mozzamia is the Shrine of Makhdoom Sheikh Syed Sharfuddin Ahmad Yahya Maneri, a Sufi saint from Bihar. He is buried under the Dargah. The Urs-e-Makhdoom-e-Jahan is celebrated on 5th of Shawwal as per Hijri calendar here every year. This Dargah is recognised under the Bihar Tourism.
Minhajuddin Rasti Gilani Firdausi (1250-1381) was a Sufi saint of the Firdausiyya Silsila. He was disciple and mureed of the Sharfuddin Yehya Maneri. He was died in Phulwari Sharif and laid to rest at Tamtam Padhav in Phulwari Sharif, Patna, Bihar. He is known to be the first sufi saint who came to Phulwari Sharif.
Sufi Circuit is a constituent body under Tourism Department of Government of Bihar and developed by the Government of India. It was started by then Chief Minister of Bihar, Nitish Kumar in 2011 to improve the tourism in Bihar. It consists of major and most visited shrines of Islamic sufi saints of Bihar.
Imam Muhammad Taj Faqih Hashmi also spelled Taj Faqeeh was an Islamic scholar, Warrior and Sufi saint who came India to preach Islam after Momin Arif reached India, and he dreamed about India and came to help Arif in propagating Islam and fight against the King of Maner. He reached India in 1180, and led a war against the King of Maner, a neighbourhood in Patna district of Bihar.
Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi was an Indian Islamic scholar, and Sufi saint belonging to the Firdausiyya–Suhrawardiyya Order. He is the founder and the first saint of Firdausiyya silsila, which was later flourished during the period of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri in Bihar.
Shaikh Najibuddin Firdausi also known as Najmuddin Sughra was an Indian Islamic scholar and Sufi saint belonging to the Firdausiyya silsila of Sufism.
Ruknuddin Firdausi was an Indian Islamic scholar and Sufi saint of Firdausiyya Order. He was a disciple and spiritual successor of Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi. He had also taught Najibuddin Firdausi, his stepbrother and also a student of Badruddin Samarqandi and the spiritual master of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. He was given the title of Firdausi after the oath of allegiance to the Sufi order. He had established a Khanqah in Kilokhari, Delhi, which was frequently visited by Sufi saints including Nizamuddin Auliya, who resided in Ghyaspur, Delhi. He was the first Indian who introduced Urs celebrations on the death anniversary of Sufi saints, which was first ever organized for his teacher Badruddin Samarqandi. His shrine is one of the unknown shrines of Delhi.
Shah Muhammad Sultan Ahmad Charamposh was an Indian Islamic scholar, Poet, philosopher, theologian and Sufi saint of Firdausiyya order and a spiritual successor and first cousin of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. He is buried in Amber Dargah, Bihar Sharif. He was contemporary of Muzaffar Shams Balkhi and Ahmad Langar Dariya.