Firdausiyya

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Firdausiyya is a Sufi Order which originated as a off-shoot from the Suhrawardiyya order. It was introduced by Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi in India, and later took forward by two of his disciples, Najibuddin Firdausi and Ruknuddin Firdausi. [1] [2] [3] [4] It was mostly known and flourished during the life of Shaikh Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri, buried in Badi Dargah, Bihar Sharif. [5] [6] He had the longest chain of spiritual successors in the Magadh region of Bihar. [7] The ideology of the Suhrawardiyya was inspired by Sayf al Din Bakharzi, and also took its name from Bakharzi, who was given the title of Shaikh al-Firdaus by his spiritual master Najmuddin Qubra. Firdausiyya Order was established even before the Chishty order. [8] [9]

Contents

Notable Sufis

Badruddin Samarqandi

Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi was an Indian sufi saint who introduced the order, the order was taken forward by two of his students, who were also step-brother, Ruknuddin Firdausi and Najibuddin Firdausi. [10]

Najibuddin Firdausi

Najibuddin Firdausi was an Indian Sufi saint who was spiritual teacher of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. [11]

Ruknuddin Firdausi

Shaikh Ruknuddin Firdausi was an Indian Sufi saint who was a mureed and Caliph of Badruddin Samarqandi, he was stepbrother and teacher of Najibuddin Firdausi. [12]

Hussain Muizz Balkhi

Shaikh Hussain Muizz Balkhi was Sufi saint who was born in Jaunpur Uttar Pradesh and a nephew and spiritual successor of Muzaffar Shams Balkhi, a student of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. He was the father of Ahmed Langar Dariya, a Firdausi Sufi saint. [13] [14] [15]

Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri

Shaikh Sharfuddin Ahmed Bin Yahya Maneri Bin Shaikh Israil Bin Imam Muhammad Taj Faqih was a significant Sufi saint of this order, he went to Nizamuddin Auliya to become his disciple, but he denied and asked to visit Najibuddin Firdausi and become a disciple of Firdausi order. [16]

Shah Shuaib Firdausi Sheikhpurvi

Shaikh Shuaib Firdausi Sheikhpurvi was cousin and Caliph of Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri who is known as the one who settled the Sheikhpura district. He is buried in Badi Dargah, Sheikhpura. He authored the Manaqib-ul-Asfiya , a biographical work of Firdausi Sufi saints. [17]

Ishaq Maghrabi Firdausi

Khwaja Ishaq Maghrabi Sheikhpurvi was a disciple of Shaikh Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri, who came from Bukhara. [18]

Minhajuddin Rasti

Minhajuddin Rasti was a student and spiritual successor of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri, he came from Gilan, Iraq to India. [19] [20] It is claimed by Madrasa-e-Mujibiya under Khanqah-e-Mujibiya, that he died in 1385 and was first to come of Phulwari Sharif, Bihar. [21]

Sufi lineage

  1. Muhammad
  2. Ali
  3. Imam Hussain
  4. Zainul Abedin
  5. Muhammad Baqar
  6. Jafar Sadiq
  7. Musa Kazim
  8. Ali Raza
  9. Maruf Karkhi
  10. Sari al-Saqati
  11. Junayd of Baghdad
  12. Mumshad Al-Dinawari
  13. Ahmad Aswad Dinwari
  14. Muhammad Bin Abdullah Al-Maroof
  15. Wajihuddin Abuhafs
  16. Najmuddin Qubra
  17. Sayf al-Din Bakharzi
  18. Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi
  19. Ruknuddin Firdausi
  20. Najibuddin Firdausi
  21. Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri
  22. Minhajuddin Rasti

The first Firdausi Sufi to come India, was Badruddin Samarqandi. [18]

Related Research Articles

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Imam Muhammad Taj Faqih Hashmi also spelled Taj Faqeeh was an Islamic scholar, Warrior and Sufi saint who came India to preach Islam after Momin Arif reached India, and he dreamed about India and came to help Arif in propagating Islam and fight against the King of Maner. He reached India in 1180, and led a war against the King of Maner, a neighbourhood in Patna district of Bihar.

Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi was an Indian Islamic scholar, and Sufi saint belonging to the Firdausiyya–Suhrawardiyya Order. He is the founder and the first saint of Firdausiyya silsila, which was later flourished during the period of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri in Bihar.

Shaikh Najibuddin Firdausi also known as Najmuddin Sughra was an Indian Islamic scholar and Sufi saint belonging to the Firdausiyya silsila of Sufism.

Ruknuddin Firdausi was an Indian Islamic scholar and Sufi saint of Firdausiyya Order. He was a disciple and spiritual successor of Shaikh Badruddin Samarqandi. He had also taught Najibuddin Firdausi, his stepbrother and also a student of Badruddin Samarqandi and the spiritual master of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. He was given the title of Firdausi after the oath of allegiance to the Sufi order. He had established a Khanqah in Kilokhari, Delhi, which was frequently visited by Sufi saints including Nizamuddin Auliya, who resided in Ghyaspur, Delhi. He was the first Indian who introduced Urs celebrations on the death anniversary of Sufi saints, which was first ever organized for his teacher Badruddin Samarqandi. His shrine is one of the unknown shrines of Delhi.

Shah Muhammad Sultan Ahmad Charamposh was an Indian Islamic scholar, Poet, philosopher, theologian and Sufi saint of Firdausiyya order and a spiritual successor and first cousin of Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri. He is buried in Amber Dargah, Bihar Sharif. He was contemporary of Muzaffar Shams Balkhi and Ahmad Langar Dariya.

References

  1. ↑ Khan, Nasir Raza (2022-10-06). Sufism in India and Central Asia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN   978-1-000-78519-7. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  2. ↑ Indian History. Allied Publishers. 1988. p. 193. ISBN   978-81-8424-568-4.
  3. ↑ Chopra, Pran Nath (1982). Religions and Communities of India. Vision Books. p. 222. ISBN   978-0-391-02748-0.
  4. ↑ Luniya, Bhanwarlal Nathuram (1978). Life and Culture in Medieval India. Kamal Prakashan. p. 347. Archived from the original on 2024-02-09. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  5. ↑ Dhir, Krishna S. (2022-01-01). The Wonder That Is Urdu. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 161. ISBN   978-81-208-4301-1. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  6. ↑ Jha, Pankaj (2018-11-20). A Political History of Literature: Vidyapati and the Fifteenth Century. Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-909535-3. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  7. ↑ Mohamed, Malik (2023-12-01). The Foundations of the Composite Culture in India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN   978-1-003-83095-5. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  8. ↑ Dalal, Roshen (2014-04-18). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin UK. ISBN   978-81-8475-396-7. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  9. ↑ Sinha, Bindeshwari Prasad (1983). Comprehensive History of Bihar. Kashi Prasad Jayaswal Research Institute. p. 414. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  10. ↑ Mohamed, Malik (2023-12-01). The Foundations of the Composite Culture in India. Taylor & Francis. ISBN   978-1-003-83095-5. Archived from the original on 2024-02-09. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  11. ↑ "Nitish offers 'chadar' at sufi saint's tomb". The Times of India. 2012-08-25. ISSN   0971-8257. Archived from the original on 2012-08-25. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  12. ↑ Jackson, Paul (1987). The Way of a Sufi, Sharafuddin Maneri. Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli. p. 61. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  13. ↑ Chopra, Pran Nath; Puri, Baij Nath; Das, Manmath Nath (1974). A Social, Cultural, and Economic History of India. Macmillan India. p. 81. ISBN   978-0-333-90049-9. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  14. ↑ Alam, Muzaffar (2021-08-01). The Mughals and the Sufis: Islam and Political Imagination in India, 1500–1750. State University of New York Press. ISBN   978-1-4384-8490-7. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  15. ↑ Askari, Syed Hasan (1985). Collected Works of Prof. S.H. Askari. Khuda Baksh Oriental Public Library. pp. 2, 5, 8. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  16. ↑ Neyazi, Arman (31 May 2021). "Makhdoom Sharfuddin Ahmed bin Yahya Maneri: Spiritual Heads and Their Effects on the Idea of India". www.newageislam.com. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
  17. ↑ Hussain, Hamid (2007). Sufism and Bhakti Movement, Eternal Relevance. Manak Publications. pp. 32, 193. ISBN   978-81-7827-155-2. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  18. 1 2 Munemi, Syed Shah Shamimuddin Ahmed (2011). Makhdoom-e-Jahan Shaikh Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri: Jeevan Aur Sandesh (in Hindi) (2nd ed.). Bihar Sharif: Madrasa Asdaqiya Makhdoom Sharaf. pp. 14–15, 29. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  19. ↑ Indo-iranica. Iran Society. 2002. p. 90. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  20. ↑ Safvi, Rana (2022-09-21). In Search of the Divine: Living Histories of Sufism in India. Hachette India. ISBN   978-93-93701-16-9. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.
  21. ↑ Islam in India. Vikas Publishing House. 1989. p. 103. Archived from the original on 2024-01-29. Retrieved 2024-01-28.

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